Roaiah MF, El Khayat YI, GamalEl Din SF, Abd El Salam MA. Pilot study on the effect of botanical medicine (Tribulus terrestris) on serum testosterone level and erectile function in aging males with partial androgen deficiency (PADAM). J Sex Marital Ther 2016;42(4):297-301. View abstract.

Seth, S. D. and Jagadeesh, G. Cardiac action of Tribulus terrestris. Indian J Med Res 1976;64(12):1821-1825. View abstract.

Ataei L, Giannaki CD, Petrou C, Aphamis G. Effect of Tribulus terrestris L. supplementation on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Markers: A Pilot Study. J Diet Suppl 2022. View abstract.

Tribulus might lower blood sugar levels. Taking Tribulus along with diabetes medications might cause blood sugar to drop too low. Monitor your blood sugar closely.

Vale FBC, Zanolla Dias de Souza K, Rezende CR, Geber S. Efficacy of Tribulus Terrestris for the treatment of premenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder: a randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2018 May;34(5):442-445. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1409711. View abstract.

Sheehan M, Rustin MHA, Atherton DJ, et al. Efficacy of traditional Chinese herbal therapy in adult atopic dermatitis. Lancet 1992;340:13-17. View abstract.

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Wang B, Ma L, Liu T. 406 cases of angina pectoris in coronary heart disease treated with saponin of Tribulus terrestris. Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih 1990;10:85-7. View abstract.

Tribulus might lower blood pressure. Taking Tribulus along with medications that lower blood pressure might cause blood pressure to go too low. Monitor your blood pressure closely.

Fernández-Lázaro D, Seco-Calvo J, Pascual-Fernández J, Domínguez-Ortega C, Del Valle Soto M, Mielgo-Ayuso J. 6-Week Supplementation with Tribulus terrestris L. to Trained Male CrossFit(®) Athletes on Muscle, Inflammation, and Antioxidant Biomarkers: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022;19(23):16158. View abstract.

Talemi MNPE, Ardakani SMP, Roozbeh B. Tribulus terrestris may decrease muscle damage markers following a high-intensity resistance exercise: a pilot study. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2020:1-7. Online ahead of print. View abstract.

Sansalone S, Leonardi R, Antonini G, et al. Alga Ecklonia bicyclis, Tribulus terrestris, and glucosamine oligosaccharide improve erectile function, sexual quality of life, and ejaculation function in patients with moderate mild-moderate erectile dysfunction: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blinded study. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:121396. View abstract.

Kamenov Z, Fileva S, Kalinov K, Jannini EA. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Tribulus terrestris in male sexual dysfunction-A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Maturitas. 2017 May;99:20-26. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.01.011. View abstract.

Raos, M., Bumber, Z., and Kovac, K. [A bronchial polyp and foreign body in an adolescent]. Lijec.Vjesn. 2001;123(7-8):177-178. View abstract.

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De Combarieu E, Fuzzati N, Lovati M, Mercalli E. Furostanol saponins from Tribulus terrestris. Fitoterapia 2003;74:583-91. View abstract.

Protich, M., Tsvetkov, D., Nalbanski, B., Stanislavov, R., and Katsarova, M. [Clinical trial of a tribestan preparation in infertile men]. Akush.Ginekol.(Sofiia) 1983;22(4):326-329. View abstract.

Fung AY, Look PC, Chong LY, et al. A controlled trial of traditional Chinese herbal medicine in Chinese patients with recalcitrant atopic dermatitis. Int J Dermatol 1999;38:387-92 . View abstract.

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Siddiqui MA, Itrat M, Mobeen A, Khan MI. Efficacy of khar-i-khasak (Tribulus terrestris Linn.) in prehypertension: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Complement Integr Med. 2021. View abstract.

Tabakova, P., Dimitrov, M., Ognyanov, K., and et al. Clinical study of Tribestan in females with endocrine sterility. Documentation for Registration (unpublished) 1999.

Baery N, Ghasemi Nejad A, Amin M, et al. Effect of vaginal suppository on bacterial vaginitis based on Persian medicine (Iranian traditional medicine): a randomised double blind clinical study. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018 Nov;38(8):1110-1114. View abstract.

Feb 17, 2021 — As the above video shows, these lenses satisfied a need for lighthouses that could shine farther and through dense layers of fog. The Fresnel ...

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Vale FBC, Boroni JD, Geber G, et al. Effect of Tribulus Terrestris in the Treatment of Female Sexual Dysfunction and Clitoral Vascularization. Results of a Randomized Study Comparing Two Different Dosage Regimes. J Sex Marital Ther 2021;47(7):696-706. View abstract.

Talasaz AH, Abbasi MR, Abkhiz S, Dashti-Khavidaki S. Tribulus terrestris-induced severe nephrotoxicity in a young healthy male. Nephrol Dial Tranplant 2010;25(11):3792-3. View abstract.

Wilkins AL, et al. Photosensitivity in South Africa. IX. Structure elucidation of a beta-glucosidase-treated saponin from Tribulus terrestis, and the identification of saponin chemotypes of South African T. terrestis. Onderstepoort Journal Veterinary Res 1996; 63:327-34. View abstract.

Huang, J. W., Tan, C. H., Jiang, S. H., and Zhu, D. Y. Terrestrinins A and B, two new steroid saponins from Tribulus terrestris. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2003;5(4):285-290. View abstract.

Sengupta G, Hazra A, Kundu A, Ghosh A. Comparison of Murraya koenigii - and Tribulus terrestris-based oral formulation versus tamsulosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in men aged >50 years: a double-blind, double-dummy, randomized controlled trial. Clin Ther 2011;33(12):1943-52. View abstract.

To mount our Fresnel lenses, we recommend using our LMR05(/M), LMR1(/M), or LMR2(/M) Fixed Lens Mounts, which use a retaining ring to secure the optic. Do not overtighten the retaining ring since this may cause the grooves to wear. Our rubber Stress-Free Retaining Rings can be used in place of the standard aluminum rings to reduce the stress on the optic surface. The grooved side of the lens should be oriented to face the collimated beam, and the plano side should face the divergent source. The JEL10 Eye Loupe can help determine which side of the lens is grooved. Since the lenses are only 1.5 mm thick, they are too thin for mounts that hold optics with setscrews.

Conrad, J., Dinchev, D., Klaiber, I., Mika, S., Kostova, I., and Kraus, W. A novel furostanol saponin from Tribulus terrestris of Bulgarian origin. Fitoterapia 2004;75(2):117-122. View abstract.

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Adaikan, P. G., Gauthaman, K., Prasad, R. N., and Ng, S. C. Proerectile pharmacological effects of Tribulus terrestris extract on the rabbit corpus cavernosum. Ann Acad.Med Singapore 2000;29(1):22-26. View abstract.

Neychev, V. K. and Mitev, V. I. The aphrodisiac herb Tribulus terrestris does not influence the androgen production in young men. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005; Oct 3;101(1-3):319-23 View abstract.

Al-Ali M, Wahbi S, Twaij H, Al-Badr A. Tribulus terrestris: preliminary study of its diuretic and contractile effects and comparison with Zea mays. J Ethnopharmacol 2003;85:257-60. View abstract.

Brown GA, Vukovich MD, Reifenrath TA, et al. Effects of anabolic precursors on serum testosterone concentrations and adaptations to resistance training in young men. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2000;10:340-59. View abstract.

Roaiah MF, Elkhayat YI, Saleh SF, Abd El Salam MA. Prospective analysis on the effect of botanical medicine (Tribulus terrestris) on serum testosterone level and semen parameters in males with unexplained infertility. J Diet Suppl. 2016 Jun 23:1-7. No doi. View abstract.

Apr 20, 2020 — If you have a very small pinhole and a distance between the pinhole and paper of 3 – 4 inches, try starting at around 20 seconds in bright sun.

Antonio J, Uelmen J, Rodriguez R, Earnest C. The effects of Tribulus terrestris on body composition and exercise performance in resistance-trained males. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2000;10:208-15. View abstract.

Thorlabs' Fresnel Lenses offer light focusing and collimation without the bulk associated with traditional lenses. Our Fresnel lenses are effectively 1.5 mm thick across their entire diameter, and this uniform thickness, combined with the optical-grade acrylic substrate, reduces their weight by over 90% versus glass lenses of comparable focal length and diameter.* These properties make them ideal for building compact optical systems.

Gauthaman K, Ganesan AP. The hormonal effects of Tribulus terrestris and its role in the management of male erectile dysfunction-an evaluation using primates, rabbit and rat. Phytomedicine 2008;15(1-2):44-54. View abstract.

Deepak M, Dipankar G, Prashanth D, et al. Tribulosin and beta-sitosterol-D-glucoside, the anthelmintic principles of Tribulus terrestris. Phytomedicine 2002;9:753-6. View abstract.

Hong CH, Hur SK, Oh OJ, et al. Evaluation of natural products on inhibition of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cultured mouse macrophage cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2002;83:153-9. View abstract.

Rogerson S, Riches CJ, Jennings C, et al. The effect of five weeks of Tribulus terrestris supplementation on muscle strength and body composition during preseason training in elite rugby league players. J Strength Cond Res 2007;21(2):348-53. View abstract.

de Souza KZ, Vale FB, Geber S. Efficacy of Tribulus terrestris for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Menopause. 2016 Nov;23(11):1252-1256. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1409711 View abstract.

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CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you.

Dudley JP. Bilateral pneumothorax resulting from the bronchoscopic removal of a puncture vine fruit. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1983;92:396-7. View abstract.

Jameel, J. K., Kneeshaw, P. J., Rao, V. S., and Drew, P. J. Gynaecomastia and the plant product "Tribulis terrestris". Breast 2004;13(5):428-430. View abstract.

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© 2005 - 2024 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. All rights reserved. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.

Fresnel lenses are often used to homogenize the output of LEDs, focus light onto a point detector, or concentrate sunlight into solar cells. For the lenses sold on this page, each step has a 10° pitch (illustrated by the diagram in the Specs tab). This pitch angle causes distortions that make the lenses unsuitable for imaging applications.

Gauthaman K, Adaikan PG. Effect of Tribulus terrestris on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase activity and androgen receptors in rat brain. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;96:127-32. View abstract.

Bedir, E., Khan, I. A., and Walker, L. A. Biologically active steroidal glycosides from Tribulus terrestris. Pharmazie 2002;57(7):491-493. View abstract.

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Seth, S. D. and Prabhakar, M. C. Preliminary pharmacological investigations of Tribulus terrestris, Linn. (Gokhru) part 1. Indian J Med Sci 1974;28(9):377-380. View abstract.

This copyrighted material is licensed from Therapeutic Research Center, LLC. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. For professional medical information on natural medicines, see Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Professional Version. Licensed from Therapeutic Research Center, LLC Copyright © 1995-2024 by Therapeutic Research Center, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

Akhtari E, Raisi F, Keshavarz M, et al. Tribulus terrestris for treatment of sexual dysfunction in women: randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Daru 2014;22:40. View abstract.

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Multispectral Cameras. The Telops multispectral infrared cameras allows the scene to be split into eight different spectral bands rather than only one broadband ...

Postigo S, Lima SM, Yamada SS, et al. Assessment of the effects of Tribulus terrestris on sexual function of menopausal women. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2016;38(3):140-6. View abstract.

Marques MAA, Lourenço BHLB, Reis MP, et al. Osteoprotective Effects of Tribulus terrestris L.: Relationship Between Dehydroepiandrosterone Levels and Ca2+-Sparing Effect. J Med Food. 2019 Mar;22(3):241-247. View abstract.

Adimoelja, A. Phytochemicals and the breakthrough of traditional herbs in the management of sexual dysfunctions. Int J Androl 2000;23 Suppl 2:82-84. View abstract.

Sheehan MP, Atherton DJ. A controlled trial of traditional Chinese medicinal plants in widespread non-exudative atopic eczema. Br J Dermatol 1992;126:179-84. View abstract.

The linked Zemax files are a theoretical approximation of the performance of each lens. In place of a grooved structure, each file models a sloped surface with infinitesimal thickness at each radial position. This creates limitations, including the inability to view scattering information due to the pitch and groove spacing of the lens. In addition, the optical coefficients in each file are not from the data used at manufacturing; the coefficients are calculated using the necessary optical prescription to focus collimated light at the proper axial distance from the back surface of the lens. These limitations reduce the realistic modeling of the Fresnel lenses sold below.

Ryan M, Lazar I, Nadasdy GM, et al. Acute kidney injury and hyperbilirubinemia in a young male after ingestion of Tribulus terrestris. Clin Nephrol 2015;83(3):177-83. View abstract.

Zarkova S. [Steroid saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. have a stimulant effect on the sexual function]. Rev Port Ciencias Vet 1984;79(470):117-126.

Deng, Y., Yang, L., and An, S. L. [Effect of Tribulus terrestris L decoction of different concentrations on tyrosinase activity and the proliferation of melanocytes]. Di Yi.Jun.Yi.Da.Xue.Xue.Bao. 2002;22(11):1017-1019. View abstract.

Santos CA Jr, Reis LO, Destro-Saade R, et al. Tribulus terrestris versus placebo in the treatment of erectile dysfunction: a prospective randomized, double blind study. Actas Urol Esp 2014;38(4):244-8. View abstract.

Thorlabs also offers aspheric condensers with diffusive surfaces that provide uniform illumination in the far field, as well as a complete selection of lenses.

Arentz S, Smith CA, Abbott J, Fahey P, Cheema BS, Bensoussan A. Combined Lifestyle and Herbal Medicine in Overweight Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Randomized Controlled Trial. Phytother Res. 2017 Sep;31(9):1330-1340. View abstract.

Campanelli M, De Thomasis R, Tenaglia RL. Priapism caused by 'Tribulus terrestris'. Int J Impot Res 2016;28(1):39-40. View abstract.

Taavoni S, Ekbatani NN, Haghani H. Effect of Tribulus terrestris, ginger, saffron, and Cinnamomum on menopausal symptoms: a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Prz Menopauzalny. 2017 Mar;16(1):19-22. doi: 10.5114/pm.2017.67366. View abstract.

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Li M, Qu W, Wang Y, et al. [Hypoglycemic effect of saponin from Tribulus terrestris] Zhong Yao Cai 2002;25:420-2. View abstract.

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Our lenses are offered in 1/2", 1", and 2" diameters, and they provide high transmission in the 400 - 1100 nm spectral range (see graph at right). As shown in the schematic at the top of the page, they consist of a grooved side and a plano side. In order to minimize the substrate thickness, stepwise discontinuities are introduced at regular radial spacings, creating grooves. Hence, Fresnel lenses can be thought of as a series of concentric rings.

Tribulus might have an effect like a "water pill" or diuretic. Taking tribulus might decrease how well the body gets rid of lithium. This could increase how much lithium is in the body and result in serious side effects. Talk with your healthcare provider before using this product if you are taking lithium. Your lithium dose might need to be changed.

Bedir, E. and Khan, I. A. New steroidal glycosides from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris. J Nat Prod 2000;63(12):1699-1701. View abstract.

Sellandi TM, Thakar AB, Baghel MS. Clinical study of Tribulus terrestris Linn. in oligozoospermia: a double blind study. Ayu 2012;33(3):356-64. View abstract.

Fernández-Lázaro D, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Del Valle Soto M, Adams DP, González-Bernal JJ, Seco-Calvo J. The Effects of 6 Weeks of Tribulus terrestris L. Supplementation on Body Composition, Hormonal Response, Perceived Exertion, and CrossFit(®) Performance: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients 2021;13(11):3969. View abstract.

Sharifi AM, Darabi R, Akbarloo N. Study of antihypertensive mechanism of Tribulus terrestris in 2K1C hypertensive rats: role of tissue ACE activity. Life Sci 2003;73:2963-71. View abstract.

Sun, B., Qu, W. J., Zhang, X. L., Yang, H. J., Zhuang, X. Y., and Zhang, P. [Investigation on inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of saponins from Tribulus terrestris on hepatoma cell line BEL-7402]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. 2004;29(7):681-684. View abstract.

Bourke, C. A., Stevens, G. R., and Carrigan, M. J. Locomotor effects in sheep of alkaloids identified in Australian Tribulus terrestris. Aust.Vet.J 1992;69(7):163-165. View abstract.

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Sun, B., Qu, W., and Bai, Z. [The inhibitory effect of saponins from Tribulus terrestris on Bcap-37 breast cancer cell line in vitro]. Zhong.Yao Cai. 2003;26(2):104-106. View abstract.

Twaij HA, Elisha EE, Khalid RM, and et al. Analgesic studies on some Iraqi medicinal plants. International Journal of Crude Drug Research 1987;25(4):251-254.

Samani NB, Jokar A, Soveid M, Heydari M, Mosavat SH. Efficacy of the hydroalcoholic extract of Tribulus terrestris on the serum glucose and lipid profile of women with diabetes mellitus: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2016 Oct;21(4):NP91-7. doi: 10.1177/2156587216650775. View abstract.

Lens spherical aberration. Spherical aberration occurs in all lens-based systems due to the spherical shape of the lens. Light entering near the edges is ...

Sansalone S, Russo GI, Mondaini N, Cantiello F, Antonini G, Cai T. A combination of tryptophan, Satureja montana, Tribulus terrestris, Phyllanthus emblica extracts is able to improve sexual quality of life in patient with premature ejaculation. Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2016;88(3):171-176. View abstract.

Walker D, Bird A, Flora T, O'Sullivan B. Some effects of feeding Tribulus terrestris, Ipomoea lonchophylla and the seed of Abelmoschus ficulneus on fetal development and the outcome of pregnancy in sheep. Reprod Fertil Dev 1992;4:135-44. View abstract.

Gauthaman K, Adaikan PG, Prasad RN. Aphrodisiac properties of Tribulus Terrestris extract (Protodioscin) in normal and castrated rats. Life Sci 2002;71:1385-96. View abstract.