Aberrationsexamples

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Some rays on an aberrated wavefront focus to a different point, W, than do rays that are perpendicular to the reference sphere.

Aberrationsin optics

By comparing the wavefront of the electromagnetic radiation with the reference sphere, it is possible to determine what aberrations are present in an image and how severe they are.

Aberrationscrossword clue

Monochromatic aberrations can be grouped into several different categories: spherical, coma, astigmatism, field curvature, and distortion.The idea of reference sphere is often used in discussions of aberrations. For all spheres, a ray drawn perpendicular to the sphere’s surface will intersect the center of the sphere, no matter what spot on the surface is picked.

C/CS mount to M12 adapters The C or CS mount to M12 lens adapters are used to mount M12 lenses on a C-mount or CS-mount camera. M12 lenses are cheaper, compacter and have less weight. In some applications these parameters are critical. Without this adapter it's not possible to mount a M12 lens on a C or CS-mount industrial camera. M12 or C-mount extension rings Extensionrings are used to shorten the minimum working distance of a C-mount or M12 lens. Most industrial lenses have a working distance of 100mm or higher. By adding extension rings, this distance can be reduced. When reducing the working distance, the depth of field is also reduced. Adding extension rings willl reduce the optical performance of the lens and the light sensitivity. Therefore M12 or C-mount extension rings are only used in specific industrial applications. Focal length extender With a focal length extender you can extend the focal length of the lens by a factor 2 or 4. By using this focal length extender in combination with a 35 or 50 or 75mm c-mount lens you can make focal lenghts of 70mm, 100mm, 150mm, 200mm and 300mm.

Aberrations are errors in an image that occur because of imperfections in the optical system. Another way of saying this is that aberrations result when the optical system misdirects some of the object’s rays. Optical components can create errors in an image even if they are made of the best materials and have no defects. Some types of aberrations can occur when electromagnetic radiation of one wavelength is being imaged (monochromatic aberrations), and other types occur when electromagnetic radiation of two or more wavelengths is imaged (chromatic aberrations). The origins and consequences of chromatic radiation were discussed in the previous section.

Aberrations5e

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Spherical aberrations occur for lenses that have spherical surfaces. Rays passing through points on a lens farther away from an axis are refracted more than those closer to the axis. This results in a distribution of foci along the optical axis.

A reference sphere isn’t a physical structure; it’s just a mathematical construct that the wavefront of the electromagnetic radiation is compared to. If the electromagnetic wavefront has the shape of the reference sphere, then the wavefront will come to a perfect focus at the center of the sphere. Remember that the definition of a ray specifies that rays are drawn perpendicular to the wavefront. All of the rays associated with a spherical wavefront will intersect at the center of the sphere. If the wavefront is not spherical, some of the rays will pass through the center of the sphere.