Shanghai Optics has the capability to manufacture custom lenses per your exact specifications. Our team of optical engineers and designers can work with you through the entire process, from design and feasibility testing through prototyping and on to full scale production. Please contact us if you’d like to schedule a complimentary initial consult to discuss your project and specifications.

While there is a broad range of pricing for prime lenses, they can be less expensive than zoom lenses of comparable quality, especially at wider apertures. This cost-effectiveness stems from the more straightforward construction and fewer materials required.

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The simplest way to find the focal length of a lens is to look at its specifications. Most lenses have the focal length marked directly on them. For prime lenses, it will be a single number (e.g., 50mm), while zoom lenses will show a range (e.g., 24-70mm).

They typically have larger maximum apertures (e.g., f/1.4, f/1.8, f/2.8), allowing more light to reach the sensor. This makes them excellent for low-light situations and for achieving shallow depth-of-field effects where the subject is in sharp focus against a smoothly blurred background.

Any 24mm and 16mm lens is an excellent option if you want something extra wide. Focal lengths below 16mm are considered ultra-wide angles.

Lastly, fisheye lens are a super fun addition to the camera bag if you’re into the widest view possible. Their angle of view is usually 180°, allowing you to see half of a full rotation and offering a distinctive, hemispherical lens distortion. They cram in as much information as possible; thus, they don’t produce straight lines. These are awesome for creative, experimental photography projects, especially within fashion portraits or skateboarding content.

Generally, choosing a long focal length lens, like 70mm, 135mm, or 200mm, is wise to isolate textures and distant features to create dramatic backgrounds. Wide focal length lenses, like 16mm, 24mm, or 35mm, thrive when you want the entire scene in focus, like when shooting simple landscapes with long leading lines.

Let’s break it down: Wide-angle lenses (under 35mm) are your go-to for capturing vast landscapes and bustling street scenes. They fit more into the frame, which is great for sweeping views and architectural photography. Meanwhile, telephoto lenses (over 70mm) excel in bringing distant subjects into sharp relief. They're ideal for zeroing in on distant details, perfect for sports or wildlife photography, and they add a dramatic flair by compressing space, making elements in the photo appear closer together.

Total internal reflection captures all light radiation leaving a source, and is therefore the most efficient method to reflect light. Providing the ultimate control of light distribution, this type of collimator is ideal for when you need a strong, targeted beam. While a simple reflector can only effect reflected light and not direct light beams, a TIR lens manages both. TIR optics placed over a LED chip will capture and focus all the light.

Beyond the technical benefits, using a prime lens influences your creative process. Without the ability to zoom, you’re encouraged to physically move around your subject to compose the perfect shot. This often results in more thoughtful framing and a better connection with your subject. Whether you’re shooting portraits, street scenes, or landscapes, a prime lens can push you to explore new perspectives and enhance your compositional skills.

Before it goes out into the world, every TIR lens manufactured by Shanghai Optics is subject to careful quality analysis. Our state of the art metrology equipment allows us to ensure each lens, optic, or optical assembly will function optimally under expected conditions.

Typically TIR lenses are cone shaped compound lenses with rotational symmetry. Composed of a refractive lens inside of a reflector, they can produce smooth circular beams with minimal FWHM widths. The refractive lens receives the light, then transmits it to the reflector which processes and shapes the beam. The mechanism behind this has to do with Snell’s law and some important optical principals.

TIR lenses are typically manufactured from polymers (most commonly polymethyl methacrylate, acrylic or polycarbonate) through an injection-molding process. Molten polymer is injected into a carefully design mold, cooled in a controlled manner to avoid warping, and then ejected as a hardened lens and finished with precision tools. Most molds are made of hardened or pre-hardened steel, but aluminum and copper are also options for certain applications. Our efficient manufacturing process enables us to provide quality lenses at a better price point than comparable manufacturers.

by T Erdogan · Cited by 3 — Gratings are based on diffraction and interference: Diffraction gratings can be understood using the optical principles of diffraction and interference.

The most popular wide-angle zoom range is 16-35mm. Most kit or standard zoom lenses go down to 24mm or28mm. The widest lenses on the market are 10mm (rectilinear) and 8mm (fisheye).

If the lens marking is unclear or you want more details, the lens manual or the manufacturer's website will provide specifications, including the focal length.

The differences between cropped (APS-C) and full-frame sensors are significant in digital photography, influencing various aspects of image quality, field of view, depth of field, and camera system size and cost.

When Used with a 180 mm Focal Length Tube Lens · Entrance pupil diameter (EP) is defined at the back aperture of the objective and calculated as EP=2*NA*EFL.

The commonly used optical expressions like the lens equation are approximations which are only valid for light rays close to the optic axis.

Concave lenses have total internal reflectionbrainly

Then there's the standard lens, around 50mm, often hailed as the "nifty fifty." It’s akin to the human eye in how it captures the world, making it incredibly versatile. It’s perfect for everyday shooting and portraits, blending background and foreground elements naturally. As a beginner, using a 50mm lens encourages you to physically move around, engaging more with your environment, which can lead to more thoughtful compositions.

Getting into the art of photography? Just upgraded to a new camera body and need to decide which lens to purchase? Finding the right lens for your needs depends entirely on the focal length. Are you shooting portraits, weddings, sports, or wildlife? Street? Food?

Wide-angle camera lenses are a fan-favorite among most lifestyle bloggers and everyday shooters; they’re perfect for capturing an entire scene and confined spaces if you want to show how the entire bedroom looks or the whole restaurant with the crowds of customers — the shorter focal length lens will be your best bet.

Prime lenses are usually more compact and lighter than zoom lenses, making them convenient for travel and long shooting sessions. Their smaller size and weight are due to the absence of the extra glass and mechanics needed for zooming.

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Prime lenses are the unsung heroes of the photography world. Fixed in focal length, they don't have the zoom capabilities of their counterparts, but what they lack in flexibility, they make up for in quality. Because they contain fewer glass elements, prime lenses can capture images that are not only sharper but also more vibrant.

Focal length might sound technical, but it's really your secret weapon in framing the perfect shot. It's measured in millimeters and determines not just the angle of view—how much of your scene is captured—but also how your images are magnified. As a beginner, understanding this can transform the way you approach photography.

On the other hand, the smaller APS-C sensors come with a "crop factor" of about 1.5x to 1.6x, effectively increasing the focal length of lenses and providing extra "reach," which can be beneficial for telephoto photography such as sports or wildlife. Despite potentially higher noise levels in low light, APS-C cameras offer a more compact and affordable option for those seeking a balance between performance and portability. This makes them attractive to amateurs, enthusiasts, and even professionals who value a lighter system.

With ten years under my belt as a professional photographer, I've found that telephotos are better than wide for my work — here's why.

Concave lenses have total internal reflectionquizlet

A TIR lens is an optical lens built on the principal of total internal reflection (TIR).  TIR lenses collimate light, sending out a concentrated beam of full intensity. They are used in a wide variety of applications, including collimating the beams from high power LEDs. Shanghai Optics produces high quality TIR lenses suitable for a wide variety of different purposes.

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Light is refracted, or turned from its original path, at any place where it reaches an interface between two materials with different refractive indices. If the first material has a higher index of refraction than the second, Snell’s law tells us that the angle of refraction will be more than ninety degrees.  Where the angle of incidence is greater than a critical angle, the light will be reflected into the material. We call this total internal reflection. The beam angle depends on the curvature of the TIR surface for your specific lens.

In short, they help photographic subjects appear closer than they are, achieving a beautiful compression for that desirable blurred background. There is a wide range of telephoto lenses on the market, including:

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Remember that all focal lengths depend entirely on the photographer’s vision or personal preference. Like all art forms, there are no steadfast rules to abide by. This article is merely a guideline for the purpose of each focal length, including some technical differences between the various offerings you see today.

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The magic of a prime lens lies in its simplicity. The straightforward optical design enhances light transmission, allowing for incredibly clear and precise images. This can make a noticeable difference in your photography, especially when shooting in low light conditions. Moreover, with minimal distortion and chromatic aberration, your photos will have a professional sleekness that’s hard to achieve with a standard zoom lens.

Additionally, the larger size of full-frame sensors allows for better low-light performance and less noise at high ISO settings, enhancing image quality in challenging lighting conditions.

A lens focal length combines various elements that help to focus the light and minimize distortions. The location where all the light rays converge to form a sharp image is known as the optical center of the lens.

Lens compatibility is another consideration; full-frame lenses can be used on both sensor types, but APS-C lenses on full-frame bodies may result in vignetting. Finally, while full-frame cameras are more expensive, they are preferred for their superior image quality and flexibility in various shooting conditions. Conversely, due to the crop factor, APS-C cameras are favored for their affordability, compactness, and built-in telephoto advantage, making them a versatile choice for many photographers.

Long-focal length lenses range in the 100-600+ range and appear to bring far away objects close to the camera. Made swimmingly for the landscape photographers in mind, long lengths are perfect for wildlife, the bird on the backyard feeder, the child at the top of a water slide, or athletes on the other side of the football field. Lenses longer than 70mm focus on infinity after 100 feet. This infinity-focusing distance means a couple of different things.

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A wide-angle lens is often characterized by a focal length of 35mm or shorter, giving the photographer a wide field of view. The wider your field of view, the more of the scene you'll effortlessly capture in the frame. These lenses are ideal for many scenarios, and most photographers have at least one trusty wide-angle lens in their kit. If you’re a beginner photographer or want the first lens for a camera camera, it’s wise to go with a nifty 35mm lens focal length.

Focal length in photography refers to the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the lens is focused on infinity. It's typically measured in millimeters (mm) and is a key determinant of a lens's angle of view — the extent of the scene captured by the lens — and its magnification.

If an auxiliary lens is inserted between the objective and eyepiece, the magnification factor of this lens should also be employed in the equation by ...