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Optical surface meaning

Main outcomes and measures: (1) Clinician-defined 3-D structural parameters of the ONH and (2) 3-D structural landmarks identified by geometric deep learning that differentiated ONHs among 4 groups: no glaucoma, mild glaucoma (mean deviation [MD], ≥-6.00 dB), moderate glaucoma (MD, -6.01 to -12.00 dB), and advanced glaucoma (MD, <-12.00 dB).

surface flatness (p-v)

Are you considering getting LED strips? There are a couple of things that you absolutely have to take into consideration and keep in mind if so. If you want your LEDs to work for the longest time possible, you’ll have to know how to properly take care of them. The question is: how to do that? Luckily, it’s not very complicated and anyone can do it, as long as they have the necessary knowledge on the topic. It’s a smart thing to do to consider a heat sink for the LED strip so that the heat has a place to escape to and your LED system keeps working correctly. So, what do you need to do exactly to make sure that your strip lighting works properly? Just follow those simple rules, and you’re never going to have a problem with that. There are also a couple of questions that you need to know the answer to before you’ll be able to make a conscious decision.

Conclusions and relevance: This study uncovered complex 3-D structural differences of the ONH in both neural and connective tissues as a function of glaucoma severity. Future longitudinal studies should seek to establish a connection between specific 3-D ONH structural changes and fast visual field deterioration and aim to improve the early detection of patients with rapid visual field loss in routine clinical care.

Optical flat

How to choose a heat sink for your specific situation? Your LED lighting type is what determines it. Based on the model you use, the heat sink solution will differ. It’s crucial that you find the one that’s supposed to be used with your LEDs, otherwise, it’s just not going to work well together, and it’ll be as if you didn’t even have a LED heat sink in the first place. The size matters tremendously when it comes to LED strips. It’s the main feature that decides what heat sink you’re going to need. What are the other rules of picking heat sinks? What should the heat sink surface and heat dissipation be? Be sure to get the right product because otherwise, you’re setting yourself up for failure.

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Optical surface roughness specification

Although a LED strip is a lot better than traditional light, it still is not perfect, and it requires some kind of cooling and general taking care of. Even a LED strip can’t transform all the energy into light. You need to take the temperature into consideration and get the option that offers the best air cooling. Aluminium profiles are a better cooling option than anything else. If you neglect this step, if you don’t think about a sink for LEDs on time, they’re inevitably going to undergo destruction. No one wants that, and it would be a terrible loss, so you’d better get a MarcLed heat sink today! Remember about the criteria of picking the best one for you. It needs to be fitted correctly to your needs. If you still have any doubts, don’t worry! Ask a MarcLed expert for advice – they’re more than willing to help.

Why is a heat sink something you need? How does it work exactly? Can you do fine without one? If you have a LED strip, you’ll always need heat sinks. That’s the only proper way to take care of your LEDs so that they’re the most efficient and can truly do their job as a light source or a fun lighting project. Heat sinks allow you to use LEDs without complications and in any way you want. If you use them, your LED strip is truly at its best, and you can enjoy all the benefits it offers. Your LED strip is far superior to traditional ways of lighting, as long as you’ve picked the right one of the many LED heat sinks. It makes it be at the peak of its functionality and safety. Your LED strip is going to last for a really long time, so you won’t have to waste time on changing it if you’re using the right aluminium heat sink.

Common knowledge about LED light solutions, in general, is that they don’t get hot in a way that traditional lighting does. That’s for sure, but what does it mean exactly, and what does it indicate when it comes to taking good care of them? LEDs get hot, that’s the one thing you need to remember. They may not be warm when you touch them, but it doesn’t mean that they aren’t heating up in their own way. The fact that they do means that some action on your part needs to be taken. You need to make sure that the heat energy produced by your LED strips is transferred somewhere and that it’s not stored in the strip itself as it could have a disastrous effect. If you want your LED light to be fully functional for the longest time possible, you’ll need to take care of that issue for sure. There is no easier way than investing in a fitting LED heat sink.

Optical quality meaning

Importance: The 3-dimensional (3-D) structural phenotype of glaucoma as a function of severity was thoroughly described and analyzed, enhancing understanding of its intricate pathology beyond current clinical knowledge.

You should also be careful when choosing the material of the heat sink for your LED lights. It can’t be just anything, it has to have the right features to be able to truly be the thermal resistance your LED strip needs. Whatever your lighting project may be, it’s always a good idea to pick aluminium alloys. Aluminium is a material that creates the best heat sinks due to its good thermal conductivity. You should also consider copper, as it’s also a fitting choice when it comes to heat sinks for LEDs. However, a matter that you absolutely have to keep in mind is the price of each option. Copper heat sinks tend to be a lot more expensive than the aluminium ones, so it’s better to opt for the latter. Materials that you should avoid as it’s a poor thermal conductor are plastic and wood. Obviously, no one makes wooden heat sinks, but it’s better to understand what it’s about. The temperature gradient needs to be just right. Aluminium is good for LED cooling because it allows heat transfer. That’s why the heat sinks are made from aluminium, it’s thermally conductive. Cooling is the most efficient when aluminium is used. Other material types like metal are useless in this process.

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Thiéry reported being a cofounder of the artificial intelligence start-up company Abyss Processing during the conduct of the study. Dr Girard reported grants from BrightFocus Foundation, SingHealth Duke-NUS, National Research Foundation Singapore, and National Medical Research Council Singapore and nonfinancial support from Abyss Processing, of which he is a cofounder, during the conduct of the study. No other disclosures were reported.

Results: Study participants included 213 individuals without glaucoma (mean age, 63.4 years; 95% CI, 62.5-64.3 years; 126 females [59.2%]; 213 Chinese [100%] and 0 White individuals), 204 with mild glaucoma (mean age, 66.9 years; 95% CI, 66.0-67.8 years; 91 females [44.6%]; 178 Chinese [87.3%] and 26 White [12.7%] individuals), 118 with moderate glaucoma (mean age, 68.1 years; 95% CI, 66.8-69.4 years; 49 females [41.5%]; 97 Chinese [82.2%] and 21 White [17.8%] individuals), and 118 with advanced glaucoma (mean age, 68.5 years; 95% CI, 67.1-69.9 years; 43 females [36.4%]; 53 Chinese [44.9%] and 65 White [55.1%] individuals). The majority of ONH structural differences occurred in the early glaucoma stage, followed by a plateau effect in the later stages. Using a deep neural network, 3-D ONH structural differences were found to be present in both neural and connective tissues. Specifically, a mean of 57.4% (95% CI, 54.9%-59.9%, for no to mild glaucoma), 38.7% (95% CI, 36.9%-40.5%, for mild to moderate glaucoma), and 53.1 (95% CI, 50.8%-55.4%, for moderate to advanced glaucoma) of ONH landmarks that showed major structural differences were located in neural tissues with the remaining located in connective tissues.

Surface flatness Optics

We offer a range of LED bulbs, lights, lamps, and a variety of other types of lighting, perfectly suited to any interior or exterior, including homes, offices, commercial building, gardens, and more.

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Optical surface roughness measurement

Objective: To describe the 3-D structural differences in both connective and neural tissues of the optic nerve head (ONH) between different glaucoma stages using traditional and artificial intelligence-driven approaches.

Design, setting, and participants: This cross-sectional, clinic-based study recruited 541 Chinese individuals receiving standard clinical care at Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, and 112 White participants of a prospective observational study at Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania. The study was conducted from May 2022 to January 2023. All participants had their ONH imaged using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and had their visual field assessed by standard automated perimetry.

Also, the fact that the heat is not produced in the same way as it does in the most traditional lightbulbs can be a huge advantage. It’s so much safer with no heat generated directly outwards to be felt as a temperature change on the surface area of the bulb. When the light creates heat as a by-product of light in such a way, it’s a fire hazard. So LED lighting just doesn’t pose such a threat in your everyday life. Even if its energy is at full power, it doesn’t feel warm when you touch it, therefore it’ll under no circumstances be a fire starter. Don’t underestimate the importance of a quality heat sink, though. You’re not going to be satisfied if you use LEDs without it. LED light can be amazing and innovative, you just have to use it right and make sure that you have all the necessary accessories to make it the best it can be.