Browse any photography forum and you’re likely to see the acronym DOF bandied about, along with accompanying discussions of a term called depth of field.  Understanding depth of field (DOF) and knowing how to use it correctly is an important skill for every photographer to have.  Mastering depth of field will allow you to photograph the scene as you envision it, from crisp, clean landscapes to portraits with that creamy blurry background.

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The aperture is the opening in your lens that allows light to pass through it to the sensor.  It is usually the first setting we determine when shooting an image because it affects our scene greatly.  A large aperture has a very wide opening that allows a lot of light in.  A small aperture is a smaller opening so less light gets in.

An image with shallow depth of field can be very sharp, or crisp, with clearly defined edges.  An image with a deep depth of field can be soft, or a little blurry, because proper technique wasn’t use.  And an image with beautiful bokeh can also be sharp.  Photogrpahers often use these terms interchangeably, but they are all separate concepts and require different techniques to achieve the look in camera.

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Aperture affects how bright your scene is, but it also controls depth of field.  As you make the physical aperture opening smaller, you increase your depth of field.  I’m not going to get into a technical discussion of f-stops and how they work.  If you’re interested in that and want to geek out a bit, click here for a full explanation.   What’s important to remember when it comes to f-stops and depth of field is this:

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Depth of field (DOF): The distance between the farthest and nearest points which are in acceptable focus. This can also be identified as the zone of acceptable ...

As a young photographer in college, depth of field was one of the hardest concepts for me to grasp. When I finally understood it, years later, was when my skill as a photographer really started to take off.  So I’m going to forgo as much of the technical jargon as I can and approach DOF and focus in a way that made sense for me, with the hope that it finally clicks for you too!

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The sensor of your camera will also affect the size of depth of field you can get.  The smaller the sensor, the larger the depth of field and vice-versa.  Smart phone or point-and-shoot digital cameras have very small sensors, so it is hard to create an image with a very shallow depth of field.  That’s one of the many reasons professional photographers rely on full-frame DSLR digital cameras – the sensor size helps provide more flexibility of depth-of-field.

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There are a lot of things you can do to make a portrait more interesting, and shooting it in black and white mode is very popular. Many people tend to associate color with emotion, but some of the most powerful and evocative portraits are in monochrome. Black and white portraits have a certain “soulfulness” that…

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It comes from the Japanese word “boke”, meaning blur or fuzziness.  Photographers often use it when talking about a background that is out of focus.  That’s not exactly true.  Bokeh is really defined as the way the lens renders out of focus points of light.  So it’s technically about the quality of an out of focus background, not just that the background is out of focus.  That may sound like I’m splitting hairs.  But bokeh is more about how that out of focus background looks, not just that it’s out of focus.

For example, a portrait may have a shallow DOF.  There is a very small zone of that is in focus in the scene from front to back.

When you take a photo, there will be an area in front and behind of your focal point (usually your subject) that is in focus.  If that zone is very large, we call that a deep depth of field.  If that zone is small, we call that a shallow depth of field.

Lenses with a longer focal length have a narrow field of view, so a smaller portion of the background fills the frame.  This makes the background look magnified.  Photographers call this lens compression.  A longer focal length will squash everything together in your scene, making it look like there is physical space from front to back of your scene than there is.  Just remember, the longer the focal length, the shallower the depth of field.

Getting the precise look you want takes practice and experimentation.  Changing any part of steps #1-5 above will result in a different look and feel to your image.  I can’t give you a precise formula.  You must play with distance, f-stop and even angles to bring your vision to life.  Understanding aperture and mastering the use of depth of field will help you create more compelling and visually interesting scenes.  Use depth of field to draw views into a scene, draw their eye to your focal point and create those WOW! images that pop off the screen.

Portrait photographers most often want the focus of the image to be on the person and the background to fall away into creamy oblivion.  This look is achieved by creating a shallow depth of field using some combination of aperture, focal length and controlling the distance between the camera, subject and background.

Think of a large pool with varying levels of water, from 1.4 to 32 feet deep.  Think of the numerical f-stop number as the water level in a pool.  The smaller that number, the SHALLOWER the water is, right?  Conversely, the larger that numerical number, the DEEPER the water.

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The closer your subject is to your camera, the shallower your depth of field in the image.  To visualize this, hold up your index finger at eye level at arm’s length.  Then slowly move your finger closer to your eye.  As your finger gets closer, the shallower the depth of field is.

With winter upon many of us, questions are beginning to come about taking photos in the cold weather. While it’s true that for most of us, business slows down in the colder months and we find ourselves with less work than the rest of the year, winter can still be a great time to take photos….

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The dictionary definition of depth of field is the distance between the nearest and farthers objects that give an imaged judged to be in focus in a camera.

Struggling with Chromatic Aberration? Who doesn’t like crisp and lively photographs? Everyone wants to capture their life moments in a perfect photo. But if the picture does not depict the moment in the same way, it is quite disappointing. You go for a tropical vacation and the colors of your picture sometimes make the picture…

Have you ever wondered how photographers get those gorgeous glowing outdoor portraits of their clients? You know – the ones that evoke thoughts of happy days and lazy summer evenings, using only backlight photography.  After diffused light aka cloudy days, backlight photography is one of an outdoor photographer’s best kinds of lighting. Soon you’ll know…

Aside from just portraits in general, you can use a shallow depth-of-field to create greater emphasis on the focal point of your image.  A very shallow depth-of-field creates a razor thin zone of focus.  So the area around your focal point will be sharp while the rest of the scene is blurry.

Photographers often use the terms bokeh or sharpness to describe depth of field.  But they aren’t the same thing.  Let’s go back to our original, simple definition:

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Sometimes auto white balance is just a frenemy posing as a time-saving setting.  We’ll tell you why. Photographers are a picky bunch. We will tweak settings, move here and there and wait for the light to be juuuuusssst right before we take an image. We want to shoot in manual and choose focus points so…