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The standard focal length is what the manufacturer writes on the lens. But the crop factor affects it. So, the effective focal length is the actual resulting value that the lens has on the camera with the crop factor adjustments. For your reference, sometimes it is called Effective Focal Range.

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The dimensions of the full-frame sensor are 24mm and 36mm. Therefore, the crop factor formula gives us  √(242 + 362) = 43.27mm

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Focal lengthcomparison

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The table below shows some common crop factors for the modern cameras. With those values, you can easily calculate the effective focal length and know your photographic equipment better.

Objective lenses are like magic glasses for microscopes. They are the lenses closest to the tiny things we want to see. Different objective lenses have other powers to zoom in and show these little things in more detail. They are super important because they determine how much we can see and how clear the tiny things appear under the microscope.

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Objective lenses are the primary lenses closest to the object being looked at in a microscope. They are like the eyes of the microscope. Additionally, these lenses gather light from the specimen (the tiny thing you want to see) and magnify it, making the model appear more prominent and transparent.

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The “Crop Factor” is the ratio of a given sensor to the standard 35mm sensor, also known as a full-frame sensor. This element determines the actual or equivalent angle of view and hence visible area of the lens on the given camera.

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A lot of photographers with the two most common sensor crop factors: 1.6x for Canon, and 1.5x for Nikon and others. But let’s have a look how is this number calculated and how does it affect your final photo.

In other words, the 24mm lens with the 24mm set as current focal length delivers 36mm on the camera with 1.5 crop factor. This fact is neither good nor bad. For a landscape it can be bad, rendering your wide lens not as wide. As opposed to the telescopic lens, where it increases your reach. 300mm turns into 450mm, which is an incredible level up.

To find a crop factor of any given sensor, we need to calculate the diagonal. In case of the amateur level, Nikon DSLR cameras the dimensions are 23.6mm x 15.6mm.

Effective Focal Length (EFL) is the focal length affected by the camera’s crop factor. The numbers in the lens’ manual show some focal length values that this particular lens can use. For instance, 15-30mm means that the lens can be anywhere from 15 mm 30 mm. Of course, that explains it, right? Let’s take a closer look at all these terms.

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So, the clue is the diagonal dimension of the sensor. The crop factor is the ratio on the full-frame diagonal to the diagonal of the sensor we calculate. Pythagorean theory will help us to calculate the diagonal knowing both horizontal and vertical sides of the rectangle.

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As you can see with the same physical focal length F, the angle a2 is smaller than a1. This fact means that on the cropped sensor you actually see the narrower area through the viewfinder. In reality, this narrow fielf of view effect is the same effect as if you zoomed in a little bit. And so this virtual zoom in focal length is the effective focal length. Hopefully, it clarified things instead of making them even fuzzier.

Understanding the critical role of objective lenses in a microscope is essential for compelling microscopic observations, with each lens offering a unique magnification and clarity. Factors like numerical aperture, working distance, and correction collars significantly impact lens performance, underscoring the importance of appropriate lens selection. Maintaining and carefully handling objective lenses is crucial to ensuring their longevity and sustaining high-quality microscopy.

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A microscope is a unique tool that helps us see very tiny things, like little bugs or cells, which are too small for our eyes to visit independently. It uses a combination of lenses and light to make these tiny things look more prominent and transparent.

This Wikipedia article has a wider list of sensors. I’m sure with the new knowledge you can now easily calculate all crop factors you need.

What isfocal lengthof lens

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In other words, Effective Focal Length is equal to Focal Length multiplied by the Crop Factor. As simple as that. For instance, if you have a lens 24-70mm, then the actual, effective focal length on the amateur Nikon camera with crop factor = 1.5 will be 36-105mm. This focal range increase naturally affects the angle of view because the longer the focal length, the narrower the angle.

Objective lenses can uniquely make small objects look much more significant. The number on the lens, like 4x, 10x, 40x, tells you how much the lens magnifies the specimen. The higher the number, the more the lens enlarges the object. Besides magnification, objective lenses also help determine how sharp and clear the image is, called resolution. The better the lens, the more details you can see in the tiny object.