The lower and upper stopband frequencies of the filter, fstoplower and fstopupper, are the frequencies between which the attenuation is equal to or greater than the value specified using StopbandAttenuation.

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Band stop filter

When the first element of Steepness is equal to 0.5, the transition width is 50% of (fcenter – fpasslower).

Example: timetable(randn(5,1),randn(5,2),SampleRate=1) contains a single-channel random signal and a two-channel random signal, sampled at 1 Hz for 4 seconds.

Twin-Tnotch filter

y = bandstop(xt,fpass) bandstop-filters the data in timetable xt using a filter with a stopband frequency range specified in hertz by the two-element vector fpass. The function independently filters all variables in the timetable and all columns inside each variable.

y = bandstop(x,fpass,fs) specifies that x has been sampled at a rate of fs hertz. The two-element vector fpass specifies the stopband frequency range of the filter in hertz.

In this case, the input signal must be at least twice as long as the filter that meets the specifications.

The lower transition width of the filter, Wlower, is fstoplower – fpasslower, where the lower bandpass frequency fpasslower is the first element of the specified fpass.

y = bandstop(___,Name=Value) specifies additional options for any of the previous syntaxes using name-value arguments. You can change the stopband attenuation, the Bandstop Filter Steepness, and the type of impulse response of the filter.

Wupper = (1 – supper) × (fpassupper – fcenter).

The center of the stopband region is fcenter = (fstoplower + fstopupper)/2.

Designs a symmetric filter with lower and upper transition widths equal to the smaller of Wlower and Wupper.

As the first element of Steepness approaches 1, the transition width becomes progressively narrower until it reaches a minimum value of 1% of (fcenter – fpasslower).

Notch filtertransfer function

If a timetable has missing or duplicate time points, you can fix it using the tips in Clean Timetable with Missing, Duplicate, or Nonuniform Times.

If the signal is not at least three times as long as the filter that meets the specifications, the function designs a filter with smaller order and thus smaller steepness.

As the second element of Steepness approaches 1, the transition width becomes progressively narrower until it reaches a minimum value of 1% of (fpassupper – fcenter).

y = bandstop(x,wpass) filters the input signal x using a bandstop filter with a stopband frequency range specified by the two-element vector wpass and expressed in normalized units of π rad/sample. bandstop uses a minimum-order filter with a stopband attenuation of 60 dB and compensates for the delay introduced by the filter. If x is a matrix, the function filters each column independently.

The upper transition width of the filter, Wupper, is fpassupper – fstopupper, where the upper bandpass frequency fpassupper is the second element of fpass.

[y,d] = bandstop(___) also returns the digitalFilter object d used to filter the input.

Implement a basic digital music synthesizer and use it to play a traditional song. Specify a sample rate of 2 kHz. Plot the spectrogram of the song.

Use filter(d,x) to filter a signal x using d. Unlike bandstop, the filter function does not compensate for filter delay. You can also use the filtfilt and fftfilt functions with digitalFilter objects.

Band stop filterexample

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"auto" — The function designs a minimum-order FIR filter if the input signal is long enough, and a minimum-order IIR filter otherwise. Specifically, the function follows these steps:

Notch filtercircuit

Most nonideal filters also attenuate the input signal across the passband. The maximum value of this frequency-dependent attenuation is called the passband ripple. Every filter used by bandstop has a passband ripple of 0.1 dB.

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Band stop filtercalculator

When the second element of Steepness is equal to 0.5, the transition width is 50% of (fpassupper – fcenter).

"iir" — The function designs a minimum-order infinite impulse response (IIR) filter and uses the filtfilt function to perform zero-phase filtering and compensate for the filter delay.

Band stop filterformula

Compute the minimum order that an FIR filter must have to meet the specifications. If the signal is at least twice as long as the required filter order, design and use that filter.

Use designfilt to edit or generate a digital filter based on frequency-response specifications.

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Input timetable. xt must contain increasing, finite, and equally spaced row times of type duration in seconds.

Transition band steepness, specified as a scalar or two-element vector with elements in the interval [0.5, 1). As the steepness increases, the filter response approaches the ideal bandstop response, but the resulting filter length and the computational cost of the filtering operation also increase. See Bandstop Filter Steepness for more information.

Band stop filtercircuit diagram

Bandstop-filter the signal to separate the middle register from the other two. Specify passband frequencies of 230 Hz and 450 Hz. Plot the original and filtered signals in the time and frequency domains.

Example: ImpulseResponse="iir",StopbandAttenuation=30 filters the input using a minimum-order IIR filter that attenuates by 30 dB the frequencies from fpass(1) to fpass(2).

Specify optional pairs of arguments as Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN, where Name is the argument name and Value is the corresponding value. Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the pairs does not matter.

The Nyquist frequency, fNyquist, is the highest frequency component of a signal that can be sampled at a given rate without aliasing. fNyquist is 1 (×π rad/sample) when the input signal has no time information, and fs/2 hertz when the input signal is a timetable or when you specify a sample rate.

If the signal is not long enough, truncate the order to one-third the signal length and design an IIR filter of that order. The reduction in order comes at the expense of transition band steepness.

Stopband frequency range, specified as a two-element vector with elements in the interval (0, fs/2).

Normalized stopband frequency range, specified as a two-element vector with elements in the interval (0, 1).

Filter white noise sampled at 1 kHz using an infinite impulse response bandstop filter with a stopband width of 100 Hz. Use different steepness values. Plot the spectra of the filtered signals.

Example: 'ImpulseResponse','iir','StopbandAttenuation',30 filters the input using a minimum-order IIR filter that attenuates by 30 dB the frequencies from fpass(1) to fpass(2).

To control the width of the transition bands, you can specify Steepness as either a two-element vector, [slower,supper], or a scalar.

If the signal is not long enough, compute the minimum order that an IIR filter must have to meet the specifications. If the signal is at least three times as long as the required filter order, design and use that filter.

Wlower = (1 – slower) × (fcenter – fpasslower).

Bandstop-filter the signal to remove the medium-frequency tone. Specify passband frequencies of 100 Hz and 200 Hz. Display the original and filtered signals, and also their spectra.

Create a signal sampled at 1 kHz for 1 second. The signal contains three tones, one at 50 Hz, another at 150 Hz, and a third at 250 Hz. The high-frequency and low-frequency tones both have twice the amplitude of the intermediate tone. The signal is embedded in Gaussian white noise of variance 1/100.

Example: timetable(seconds(0:4)',randn(5,1),randn(5,2)) contains a single-channel random signal and a two-channel random signal, sampled at 1 Hz for 4 seconds.

The Steepness argument controls the width of a filter's transition regions. The lower the steepness, the wider the transition region. The higher the steepness, the narrower the transition region.

"fir" — The function designs a minimum-order, linear-phase, finite impulse response (FIR) filter. To compensate for the delay, the function appends to the input signal N/2 zeros, where N is the filter order. The function then filters the signal and removes the first N/2 samples of the output.