F-stops

where working F-number or effective F-number. image side numerical apertur, the magnification for this focus distance and is the pupil magnification.

To keep the object focussed, the distance of lens and sensor must be increased. This is equivalent with adding distance rings reagrding the infinity position of the lens. As result the images gets darker the field of view gets smaller , the therefore the magnification changes.

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f-stop是什么

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The F-number is only defined for objects at infinite distance. The sensor has according the definition of the focal length exactly the distance “focal loength” from the principal plane when the lens is focussed to infinity.