The benefits of this management model entirely depend on how effectively and efficiently teams manage their people. There’s typically a loose blueprint guiding decentralized resource management with teams mostly having different systems and processes in place.Â

And also far more efficient, and far less error prone, than manually writing solutions to these types of problems yourself.

A central system for managing resources improves project outcomes, resource utilization, and employee satisfaction. Here’s a full rundown of the benefits of a centralized resource model:Â

Macros provide reusable mechanisms to address patterns characterized by tedious boilerplate, and often times the need to iterate over the fields of a class. Some common examples that we hope to solve with macros in the future are:

This central authority could be a dedicated team or department — really anyone from a Resource Management Office (RMO) in a large organization to a senior resource manager at a small business.

The Dart macro system is a major new language feature currently under development which adds support for static meta-programming to the Dart language.

While the perks of a centralized resource model far outweigh its downsides, this doesn’t mean it is free of any cons. In fact, the leading two shortcomings are:

The exact opposite of a central model, decentralized resource management involves individual teams managing resources and making relevant decisions.Â

To create a macro, you write a macro declaration similar to a class, using the macro keyword. A macro declaration must also include an implements clause to define which interface the macro can be applied to.

With all this said, it’s essential you first spend time understanding what you need to make informed decisions. We’ll leave you with some of our most popular resource management guides to give you a helping hand!

Modelling resourcesexamples

A resource management model refers to the way an organization structures, organizes, and manages its resources including human and software resources.

Do you know the difference between skills and competencies? Here's how to tell them apart to improve your skills management process.

Despite it canceling out the downs of both centralized and decentralized management, the hybrid model shows these shortcomings:

The JsonCodable macro has built-in diagnostics that are emitted just like diagnostics from the language itself. For example, if you try to manually declare a toJson method where the macro is applied, the analyzer will emit the error:

Sometimes it can be useful to view the generated code to better understand how a macros works, or to inspect the details of what it offers.

At the end of the day, an efficient resource management model — tailored to meet your business’s needs — helps you increase cost savings and unlock revenue growth as you enjoy a competitive edge. Â

In the internal auditing departments, resource management is a highly dynamic process. Here's what it involves and how to succeed.

Modelling resourcesfor students

Centralized, decentralized...or something halfway between the two? Discover which resource management model is the best fit for your business.

A hybrid model takes from both centralized and decentralized resource management models where some strategic decisions are handled centrally with departments managing the day-to-day decision-making.

Cost engineering teaches us that profitable projects are not a fluke - they are carefully monitored, managed, optimized. Learn all about the art of cost engineering for project management in our guide.

This means that whether your decisions are centrally or departmentally managed — or split between the two — all data is captured in a single resource management platform. This way, you’ll have:

Is the models Resource safe

You can search "DiagnosticMessage" in the the definition of JsonCodable for other errors the macro will throw. For example, extending a class that isn't also serializable, or if field names don't exactly match the key names in the given JSON.

We’ll look at the three leading resource management models, their pros and cons, and wrap up with questions to ask yourself to identify which model suits your organization best.

At a very high-level, writing macros essentially works by using builder methods to piece together the properties of a declaration with identifiers on those properties. The macro gathers this information through deep introspection of the program.

Macros are still under development, so that's as much detail we can go into for now. If you're curious, or would like to try it yourself behind an experimental flag, the best guidance is to take a look at the implementation of existing macros:

Keep in mind though: centralizing resources isn’t limited to funneling all resource-related authority and decision-making to one person. There is a lot of process building that has to happen to support centralization efforts.

Modelling resourcesfree

For example, one foundational pillar of centralized resource management involves establishing robust data management practices and consolidating resource data into one platform. In turn, this serves as a: Â

The macros language feature is not stable and currently behind an experimental flag. Functionality is highly subject to change. This section will remain very high-level until stable.

Dart macros are a static metaprogramming, or code generation, solution. Unlike runtime code generation solutions (like build_runner), macros are fully integrated into the Dart language and executed automatically in the background by Dart tools. This makes macros much more efficient than relying on an secondary tool:

Modelling resourcespdf

If you change anything in the annotated class, you can watch the generated augmentation adjust in real time alongside your application code:

That said, planning and executing a hybrid resource management model takes extensive work upfront. In fact, finding the right balance between centrally managed and departmentally handled decisions can not only be challenging but also time-consuming.

Whatever resource management model you decide to leverage, our word of advice is to centralize resources in a single platform.

For example, a macro that is applicable to classes, and adds new declarations to the class, would implement the ClassDeclarationsMacro interface:

To learn more about using the JsonCodable macro, like supported field types, treatment of null and generics, and more, check out the README.

For instance, conflict resolution may be centrally managed, but skills audit and project allocation may be handled by individual departments.

Verbose Flutter patterns. One example is breaking down a complex build method into an aggregation of smaller widget classes. It's better for performance and makes the code more maintainable. Unfortunately, writing all those smaller classes requires tons of boilerplate, which discourages users. Macros could potentially provide a solution that iterates over a complex build method to generates smaller widget classes, greatly improving productivity and quality of Flutter code. You can check out one exploration into this topic in this proposal from the Flutter team.

Models Resource to Blender

But before you can make the most of these benefits, you need to find and implement a resource management model that can best help your organization handle resources efficiently.

The JsonCodable macro: A ready-made macro you can try out today (behind an experimental flag) that offers a seamless solution to the common issue of tedious JSON serialization and deserialization in Dart.

Unless stated otherwise, the documentation on this site reflects Dart 3.5.3. Page last updated on 2024-10-22. View source or report an issue.

The macros feature in general: Why we're adding macros to Dart, motivating use cases, benefits over existing code gen solutions, and a cursory overview of how writing macros will work in the future once the feature is complete.

The macro introspects the User class and derives the implementations of fromJson and toJson using the User class's fields.

Since teams manage their individual resources in this setting, it’s often referred to as decentralized resource management.

The JsonCodable macro is not stable and currently behind an experimental flag. It only works with Dart 3.5.0-152 or later. This is available from the Dart dev channel or from the Flutter master channel.

Within the body of the macro declaration is where you define the code you want the macro to generate, as well as any diagnostics you want the macro to emit.

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The MyMacro constructor in the above example corresponds to the annotation you would use to apply the macro to a declaration. The syntax is the same as Dart's existing metadata annotation syntax:

Json serialization. The extra tooling required to serialize JSON, like the json_serializable package, isn't as efficient as it should be. The JsonCodable macro provides a much cleaner way to generate serialization code; try it today.

We are working towards a stable release of the JsonCodable macro later this year (2024), and a stable release of the full language feature (namely, writing your own macros) early next year (2025).

Macros work by deeply introspecting the program in which they're applied. A macro may end up traversing distant parts of the program to gather necessary information on properties and type annotations for the declaration it's augmenting.

Click on the "Go to Augmentation" link that appears under the annotation in your IDE (supported in VSCode) to see how the macro generates toJson and fromJson.

So, without needing to define them yourself, toJson and fromJson are now available to use on objects of the annotated class:

Since these models are aimed at effectively managing human resources, they take an employee-led approach which, in turn, increases employee retention and reduces burnout among your workforce.

Since nothing is centralized — in other words, there’s no single source of truth — the model delivers the following downsides:

Resource model example

You can think about the macro system in two parts: using macros and writing macros. This page covers each (at a high level, as the feature is still in preview) in the following sections:

However, there’s no defined, streamlined system in place as all teams have their unique ways of managing resources. Naturally, this can lead to under-utilization, inadequate capacity planning, and unpredictable employee engagement levels — culminating in poor outcomes such as high turnover and frequently missed deadlines.

Since a hybrid model marries both centralized and decentralized approaches to resource management, it brings together the strengths of both worlds. These strengths culminate in the following benefits:

Having a defined system in place to manage resources is crucial for not only effective management but also boosting organizational productivity and performance.

The JsonCodable macro encodes and decodes user-defined Dart classes to JSON maps of type Map. It generates two members, a toJson serialization method, and a fromJson deserialization constructor.

Data classes. Dart's most requested feature is for data classes that automatically provide a constructor, and implementations of the ==, hashCode, and copyWith() methods for each field. Implementing the solution with macros would mean users can customize the their data classes however they see fit.

A Dart macro is a user-definable piece of code that takes in other code as parameters and operates on it in real-time to create, modify, or add declarations.

Considering their application in large code bases, where multiple macros can introspect and augment the base continuously in different places, the design of ordering and phases of execution is especially challenging and requires careful consideration.

High-performing organizations that understand the power of a skilled talent pool leverage centralized resource management. Their aim? To have a streamlined system in place that helps them achieve resource management maturity, guaranteeing timely project deliveries within defined budgets, and a motivated workforce that is neither overstretched or under-challenged.

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As the name suggests, centralized resource management involves a central authority making all resource-related decisions including resource planning, allocation, and budgeting.