The I-75 South Metro Express Lanes are reversible lanes along 1-75 South in Henry and Clayton counties. Reversible lanes change directions during the day to provide additional travel options during peak travel periods. When the travel direction is being reversed, signs will show the lanes are closed. On the I-75 South Metro Express Lanes, all vehicles, including motorcycles and electric vehicles, are required to pay a toll. Public transit buses, registered vanpools and emergency response vehicles may use the lanes toll-free if they have a Peach Pass.

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Warning signs are usually yellow with black markings. (Warning signs can also be fluorescent green with black markings.) They alert you to conditions that are immediately ahead. There may be road hazards, changes in traffic direction, or some other potentially hazardous situation that requires action on your part.

The I-85 Express Lanes are HOT Lanes along I-85 North in Gwinnett County. They are open 24-hours per day. On the I-85 Express Lanes, registered transit, three or more person carpools, motorcycles, emergency vehicles, and Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFV) with the proper AFV license plate are allowed to use the lanes toll-free.

The speed at which lithium batteries are charged is actually the rate at which electrical energy is converted into chemical energy, which is called "power" (P).

Different types of lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries are not recommended for use together, because the load characteristics and capabilities of the battery are different, which will lead to abnormal conditions and safety issues. As I mentioned before, the charger of lead-acid battery is generally set to two-stage or three-stage charging mode, the charge is not matched for lithium and lead-acid battery due to different voltage levels. Batteries with completely different performances should not be used in parallel. Even if diodes are added, self-discharge between the batteries can be prevented, but a good parallel discharge effect is not obtained.

Lithium-ion battery price

This sign is on the left side of the highway and marks the beginning of a no passing zone. Any passing maneuver must be completed before reaching this sign.

You are approaching a one-way highway or ramp. Driving on the highway or ramp in the direction you are traveling is not allowed.

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Warning signs for construction and maintenance projects are used to alert you to dangers ahead and give you enough time to adjust your speed accordingly. These signs are orange with black markings.

Pentagon shaped signs mean you are approaching a school zone and/or school crossing. When used, they will be erected not less than 150 feet nor more than 700 feet in advance of the school grounds or school crossing. (These signs can sometimes be fluorescent green in color.)

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Guide signs may indicate what road you are on, and how to get to your destination. Many guide signs are rectangular, but some have other shapes. There are several different kinds of guide signs — route markers, information, destination, distance, and location signs. These signs may be accompanied by a “To” sign or an arrow, indicating the highway, facility, or location that can be reached by following the signs. Here are some examples:

Horizontal Rectangle signs are generally used as guide signs. They show locations, directions, or other special information.

Keep an eye on Grepow’s official blog, and we’ll regularly update industry-related articles to keep you up-to-date on the battery industry.

Definition: When the phone is completely empty, the charger first charges the lithium battery with a constant current with a small current to make it slowly reactivate.In the pre-charge phase, the battery is charged at a low-rate (typical of 1/10 the Constant Current Regulation Mode) when the battery cell voltage is below 3.0 V. This provides recovery of the passivating layer which might be dissolved after prolonged storage in deep discharge state, also prevents overheating at 1C charge when partial copper decomposition appears on anode-shorted cells on over-discharge. When the battery cell voltage reaches 3.0 V, the charger will increase the constant current and gradually increase the voltage, which is the main stage of lithium battery charging.

Milepost markers are placed each mile along the edge of the roadway from one end of the state to the other. Zero always starts at the south or west border where a route begins.

The cross-buck is placed at all railroad crossings. Yield to any approaching trains. Slow down, look and listen before crossing. A sign below the cross-buck indicates the number of tracks. A complete stop is required when a red light is flashing.

Normally high discharge rate (C-rate) batteries can be fast-charged. For example, when the charging voltage is 5V and charging with 1C, it can be fully charged in 1 hour. If it is a 1000mAh battery, 1C means the charging current is 1A; for a 2000mAh battery, 1C means the charging current is 2A, and so on.

Caution – a vehicle displaying this emblem is a slow-moving vehicle. A slow-moving vehicle is defined as any vehicle moving less than 25 miles per hour. They are required by law to display this emblem.

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Lithium batteries are divided into an anode (the negative pole) and a cathode (the positive pole). The cathode is a lithium compound. The anode is mainly made of graphite, and both are immersed in the electrolyte. Whether it is discharging or charging, it is actually a process in which lithium ions move between the anode and cathode of the battery, and electrical energy and chemical energy are converted to each other. During charging, due to the effect of the electric field, lithium ions move from the positive pole to the negative pole and store energy; during discharge, lithium ions move from the negative to the positive under the action of a chemical reaction, at which time a current is supplied to the power supply.

Express Lanes offer motorists the option to pay a toll to bypass congestion in certain areas on the interstate. All vehicles with no more than two axles or up to six wheels can use Express Lanes if they have a registered Peach Pass. When the vehicle travels through the Express Lane, the toll amount will automatically be deducted from the pre-established account. There are currently two sets of Express Lanes in Georgia.

An Octagon (eight-sided shape) always means stop. When you come to it, you must make a complete stop at a marked stop line. If there is no stop line, stop before the crosswalk on your side of the intersection. If there is no crosswalk, stop at a point from which you can best see oncoming traffic. You must not start again until all pedestrians have finished crossing on the side of the roadway you are traveling on, and you have yielded the right-of-way to closely approaching traffic.

The State of Georgia uses seven basic shapes of signs to convey traffic control instructions. Drivers should know signs by their shapes and colors so that they may recognize them from a distance and begin reacting timely and appropriately.

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Lithium-ion battery cycle life

Maintaining a constant voltage gradually reduces the current until it reaches around 0.1 C, at which point charging is terminated. If the charger is left connected to the battery, a periodic ‘top-up’ charge is applied to counteract battery self-discharge. The top-up charge is typically initiated when the open-circuit voltage of the battery drops to less than 3.9V to 4V, and terminates when the full-charge voltage of 4.1V to 4.2V is again attained.

The larger the current or voltage, the greater the power, and the lithium battery should be charged faster. However, due to the limitations of the lithium battery itself, charging under the condition of Undervoltage or overvoltage will cause damage to the battery. Therefore, the charging method of the lithium battery is special and usually divided into three stages:

This is a constant-current stage. This stage typically leaves the batteries at around 80% of their capacity. It accomplishes this by maintaining a constant relatively high current. The current is held constant against the rising internal resistance to charge current by raising the battery voltage. Therefore, if you want to increase the charging speed, it is the best way to optimize it is at the next stage: Constant Current Regulation Mode.

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Definition: Voltage is held constant in order to prevent damage and keep batteries at a full charge, replenishes the remaining 20% of charge.The battery is typically charged at a constant current of 0.5 C or less until the battery voltage reaches 4.1 or 4.2 V (depending on the exact electrochemistry, around the 80% fulfilled of the battery). When the battery voltage reaches 4.1 or 4.2 V, the charger switches to a “Constant Voltage” stage to eliminate overcharging.

A round sign means you are approaching a railroad crossing. This sign is posted a few hundred feet in front of the tracks and alerts you to slow down, look, listen and prepare to stop. If necessary, roll down a window and listen carefully for an approaching train. If a train is approaching, stop! Do not try to calculate whether you can “make it” across the track. Never try to beat a train through the intersection. Passing is prohibited at all railroad crossings.

Vertical Rectangle signs are generally used for regulatory signs, which tell you what you must do. You must obey them in the same manner as traffic laws.

Sounds similar to Lead-acid battery? Something different. That's why we need to buy a new charger for lithium batteries. Moreover, what exactly is "quick charge" and how can it make your battery be charged faster?

Intersection of U.S. Route 47 & Ga. Highway 38. These roads are going to cross or meet the highway you are traveling on.

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When two or more traveling lanes are available in the direction you are traveling, slower traffic should travel in the right (outside) lane(s).

Georgia law requires that all drivers, including bicyclists, obey official highway signs and traffic control signals unless otherwise directed by a police officer or emergency worker.

Regulatory signs tell drivers what they may or may not do. Drivers, including bicyclists, must obey them in the same manner as traffic laws. Remember, a red circle with a red slash from upper left to lower right means “No.” The picture within the circle shows what is prohibited.

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P.S.: Superior battery chargers manage the transition from constant current to constant voltage smoothly to ensure maximum capacity is reached without risking damage to the battery.

Triangle signs mean yield. You must slow down to a speed that is reasonable for existing conditions and stop if necessary. If you must stop, do so at a marked stop line, if it exists. After slowing or stopping, you must yield the right-of-way to other vehicles in the intersection or approaching closely on another roadway or auxiliary road leading into a major highway.

This marks a one-way road. If you are facing this sign traffic is coming toward you. You must not continue down the road.

Diamond shaped signs warn of existing or possible hazards on roadways or adjacent areas. They are yellow with black words indicating the potential hazard, or black symbols visually describing the potential hazard.

As you can see from the chart, the period of the Constant Current charging stage of the normal battery is much longer than Grepow fast-charging battery.