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Nevertheless, I think that simply analyzing the number of gerrymandered districts and determining whether they add up to more or less polarization is a very narrow way of looking at the problem.

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Understanding that the two major parties have evolved from ideological entities into sophisticated competing organizations designed to win elections at all levels of government, party unification or polarization is necessary to maintain/enlarge a party base and obtain money for elections.

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First, we show that congressional polarization is primarily a function of the differences in how Democrats and Republicans represent the same districts rather than a function of which districts each party represents or the distribution of constituency preferences.