Fresnel Shader

Advantages: high braking efficiency. In addition to stabilizing the vehicle speed, it can also reduce the temperature of the wheel brake, improve the service life of the friction plate, and improve the safety and smoothness of the vehicle.

Disadvantages: long delay time of engagement and separation, power loss when not working, and complex structure when used in mechanical transmission vehicles, especially in trailers.

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Fresnel pronunciation

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Fresnel lens

Although he received little public recognition for his efforts during his lifetime, Fresnel was bestowed with various honors by his fellow scientists. He was elected a member of the French Academy of Sciences in 1823 and became a member of the Royal Society of London two years later. The British organization awarded him with the prestigious Rumford Medal in what was to be the final year of his life. Having struggled with ill health since his early childhood, Fresnel died of consumption at Ville-d'Avray, France on July 14, 1827.

Fresnel Blender

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Retarder is an electromagnetic device installed on the transmission shaft of the vehicle. During use, the electromagnetic device generates a force opposite to the rotation direction of the transmission shaft. It is generally used in large vehicles. The advantage is that the vehicle speed can be properly reduced when the vehicle braking system is not working, so as to prolong the service life of the braking system. The disadvantage is that the vehicle cannot be completely parked.

Fresnel effect

In 1822, Fresnel invented the lens that is now used in lighthouses around the world. The Fresnel lens appears much like a giant glass beehive with a lamp in the center. The lens is composed of rings of glass prisms positioned above and below the lamp to bend and concentrate the light into a bright beam. The Fresnel lighthouse lens works so well that the light can be seen from a distance of 20 or more miles. Before Fresnel's invention, lighthouses used mirrors to reflect light, and could be seen only at short distances and hardly at all during foggy or stormy days. Lighthouses equipped with Fresnel's lenses have helped save many ships from going aground or crashing into rocky coasts.

Fresnel diffraction

Advantages: the retarding efficiency is higher than that of the engine retarding device, and it can drive downhill at a relatively high speed; Small size and mass, can be integrated with the transmission; No wear during operation; The heat generated by the working fluid is easy to be transmitted and eliminated, and the normal operating temperature of the engine can be maintained during long downhill; The braking torque tends to zero at low speed, and the wheel will not slip during sliding braking.

Electric turbine retarder: it is equivalent to installing a "generator" on the transmission shaft. When there is no power supply, there is no contact or wear. When braking is required, connect the electric retarder (2 pieces) circuit, and the transmission shaft will be subject to the resistance of electromagnetic field to achieve the purpose of braking. No wear but large structure. At present, there are many heavy trucks and large passenger cars (in foreign countries, the battery can be charged while working).

Fresnel equation

According to different action forms of braking torque, it can also be divided into primary retarder (acting on the front end of the transmission) and secondary retarder (acting on the rear end of the transmission).

Disadvantages: it is large in size, heavy in body, consumes electric energy and is greatly affected by ambient temperature. At present, it is only applicable to large commercial vehicles

Fresnel's academic predilections inspired him to pursue a career in engineering. He entered the Polytechnic School in Paris in 1804 and, two years later, the School of Civil Engineering. Following graduation, he worked on engineering projects for several years in a variety of French government departments, but temporarily lost his post when Napoleon returned from Elba in 1815. Having already begun performing scientific work in his spare time, the change of events provided Fresnel with the opportunity to increase his efforts in this arena, and he soon began to focus on optics. Even when he was provided with a new engineering position in Paris after the second restoration, Fresnel continued his scientific investigations.

Augustin-Jean Fresnel was a nineteenth century French physicist, most often remembered for the invention of unique compound lenses designed to produce parallel beams of light, which are still used widely in lighthouses. Born in Broglie, France on May 10, 1788, Fresnel was the son of an architect and received a strict, religious upbringing. His parents were Jansenists, a sect of Roman Catholics that believed only a small, predestined group would receive salvation and that the multitudes could not change their fate through their actions on Earth. Fresnel's early education was provided by his parents and he was considered a slow learner, barely able to read by the age of 8. When he was 12-years-old, however, Fresnel began formal studies at the Central School in Caen, where he was introduced to the wonders of science and demonstrated an aptitude in mathematics.

The retarder is used as an auxiliary device of the braking system. It is mainly used for passenger cars with a capacity of more than 5 tons and trucks with a capacity of 12 tons or goods. When the car is decelerating or going down a long slope, the retarder can be used to decelerate smoothly and avoid the wear and heat caused by using the brake. For vehicles that often drive in mountainous or hilly areas, to continuously reduce or maintain a stable speed and reduce or release the load of the service brake for a long time when going down a long slope.

Hydraulic turbine retarder: a turbine chamber is added at the rear end of the gearbox housing. When the braking circuit is turned on, the transmission oil will generate damping in the turbine to achieve the braking effect. There is no wear, but the heat dissipation should be increased. At present, ZF gearbox is used on high-end passenger cars.

Fresnel Light

The principle of the eddy current retarder is the same as that of the generator. There is a stator coil on the transmission shaft and a rotor coil fixed on the beam to surround the transmission shaft (but the shape is very different from that of the generator). Computer control is not required. As long as the circuit of the coil is connected, the retarder will produce resistance to the transmission shaft.

In the field of optics, Fresnel derived formulas to explain reflection, refraction, double refraction, and the polarization of light reflected from a transparent substance. Fresnel also developed a wave theory of diffraction. He created various devices to produce interference fringes in order to demonstrate the interference of light wavelets. Using his inventions, Fresnel was the first to prove that the wave motion of light is transverse. He accomplished this task by polarizing light beams in different planes and showing that the two beams do not exhibit interference effects.