H. Alzarok, S. Fletcher, A. P. Longstaff, and A. Myers, ”Assessment of the positioning accuracy of a small articulated robot during machining operations,” in Proceedings to the Computing and Engineering Annual Researchers’ Conference 2013, 106–111 (University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, 2013).

... UV LED and Arc lamp technologies. Since 1960, American Ultraviolet has provided superior ultraviolet curing technology and customer service to thousands of ...

An M.2 module is installed into a mating connector provided by the host's circuit board, and a single mounting screw secures the module into place. Components may be mounted on either side of the module, with the actual module type limiting how thick the components can be; the maximum allowable thickness of components is 1.5 mm per side, and the thickness of the PCB is 0.8 mm ± 10%. Different host-side connectors are used for single- and double-sided M.2 modules, providing different amounts of space between the M.2 expansion card and the host's PCB. Circuit boards on the hosts are usually designed to accept multiple lengths of M.2 modules, which means that the sockets capable of accepting longer M.2 modules usually also accept shorter ones by providing different positions for the mounting screw.

D. Walker, C. Dunn, G. Yu, M. Bibby, X. Zhenga, H. Y. Wu, H. Lia, et al., ”The role of robotics in computer controlled polishing of large and small optics,” Proc. SPIE 9575, 2189203 (2015).

High-Speed Performance: M.2 connectors support high-speed interfaces like PCI Express (PCIe) and Serial ATA (SATA). This means M.2 SSDs can deliver exceptional read and write speeds, significantly boosting overall system performance. PCIe-based M.2 drives, in particular, have become synonymous with blistering speeds, making them popular choices for gamers and professionals alike.

The M.2 standard is based on the mSATA standard, which uses the existing PCI Express Mini Card (Mini PCIe) form factor and connector. M.2 adds the possibility of larger printed circuit boards (PCBs), allowing longer modules and a double-sided component population. Consequently, M.2 SSD modules can provide double the storage capacity within the footprint of an mSATA device. This form factor is also used for Wi-Fi/Bluetooth/Cellular modules that can integrated in to laptops and various other devices.

The M.2 form factor has become an integral part of modern computing, offering compactness, versatility, and blazing-fast performance. Its impact is felt across various sectors, from laptops and ultrabooks to gaming rigs and industrial machinery. As technology continues to advance, M.2 is likely to remain a pivotal player in shaping the future of computing, ensuring that devices remain compact and powerful for years to come.

J. Ji, L. Sun, and L. Yu, ”A new pose measuring and kinematics calibrating method for manipulators,” in Proceedings to the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 4925–4930 (IEEE, Roma, 2007).

Compact Size: One of the standout features of the M.2 form factor is its compact size. M.2 drives and components are incredibly slim and small, making them ideal for use in ultrabooks, laptops, and compact desktop systems. This small size allows for more flexibility in designing sleek and lightweight devices.

D. Walker, I. Baker, R. Evans, S. Hamidi, P. Harris, H. Li, W. Messelink, et al., ”Technologies for producing segments for extremely large telescopes,” Proc. SPIE 8126, 893360 (2011).

M. R. Driels, Lt W. Swayze, and Lt S. Potter, ”Full-pose calibration of a robot manipulator using a coordinate measuring machine,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Tech. 8, 34–41 (1993).

Sep 27, 2012 — Collimation in terms of a reflector is setting the mirrors and eyepiece all in line and setting the secondary at the correct angle. The eyepiece ...

Versatility: M.2 slots can accommodate various types of devices, including solid-state drives (SSDs), Wi-Fi cards, Bluetooth modules, satellite navigation, near-field communication (NFC), digital radio, WiGig, wireless WAN (WWAN) and more. This versatility makes M.2 a go-to solution for adding or upgrading components in modern computing devices.

Fiber Optic Lighting ... Whether it be indoor or outdoor, fiber optic lighting is one of the safest, trendiest approaches to decorative light up crafts.

Gaming: Gamers benefit from M.2 SSDs' fast load times and data transfer rates, which can significantly improve gaming experiences.

Computer bus interfaces provided through the M.2 connector are PCI Express x4 (up to four lanes), Serial ATA 3.0, and USB 3.0 (a single logical port for each of the latter two). It is up to the manufacturer of the M.2 host or module to select which interfaces are to be supported, depending on the desired level of host support and the module type. Different M.2 connector keying notches denote various purposes and capabilities of both the M.2 hosts and modules and also prevent the M.2 modules from being inserted into incompatible host connectors.

C. W. King, and M. Bibby, ”Development of a metrology workstation for full-aperture and sub-aperture stitching measurements,” Procedia CIRP 13, 359–364 (2014).

Norland Optical Adhesive 72. PDF document icon Norland Optical Adhesive 72.pdf — PDF document, 57 KB (59210 bytes). © University of Louisville.

The M.2 specification supports NVM Express (NVMe) as the logical device interface for M.2 PCI Express SSDs, in addition to supporting legacy Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) at the logical interface level. While the support for AHCI ensures software-level backward compatibility with legacy SATA devices and legacy operating systems, NVM Express is designed to fully utilize the capability of high-speed PCI Express storage devices to perform many I/O operations in parallel.

P. Comley, P. Morantz, P. Shore, and X. Tonnellier, ”Grinding metre-scale mirror segments for the E-ELT ground based telescope,” CIRP Ann-Manuf. Techn. 60, 379–382 (2011).

2022718 — Anti-reflective coatings can be applied to almost any type of glasses. The type of prescription – single vision, bifocal, or no line bifocal – ...

M.2 modules are rectangular, with an edge connector on one side and a semicircular mounting hole at the center of the opposite edge. The edge connector has 75 positions with up to 67 pins, employing a 0.5 mm pitch and offsetting the pins on opposing sides of the PCB from each other. Each pin on the connector is rated for up to 50 V and 0.5 A, while the connector itself is specified to endure 60 mating cycles. The M.2 standard allows module widths of 12, 16, 22 and 30 mm, and lengths of 16, 26, 30, 38, 42, 60, 80 and 110 mm. The initial line-up of the commercially available M.2 expansion cards is 22 mm wide, with varying lengths of 30, 42, 60, 80 and 110 mm. The codes for the M.2 module sizes contain both the width and length of a particular module; for example, "2242" as a module code means that the module is 22 mm wide and 42 mm long, while "2280" denotes a module 22 mm wide and 80 mm long.

Also called an ocular lens, the eyepiece lens of a microscope produces a magnified image in conjunction with the microscope objective, which enables the human ...

Storage: M.2 SSDs have revolutionized storage solutions in laptops and desktops. They offer faster boot times, reduced loading times for applications, and enhanced file transfer speeds, making them a top choice for users who demand quick and efficient storage solutions.

H. Chen, W. Sheng, N. Xi, M. Song, and Y. Chen, ”Automated robot trajectory planning for spray painting of free-form surfaces in automotive manufacturing,” Proceedings to the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 450–455 (IEEE, Washington DC, 2002).

We first present a Case Study – the manufacture of 1.4 m prototype mirror-segments for the European Extremely Large Telescope, undertaken by the National Facility for Ultra Precision Surfaces, at the OpTIC facility operated by Glyndwr University. Scale-up to serial-manufacture demands delivery of a 1.4 m off-axis aspheric hexagonal segment with surface precision < 10 nm RMS every four days, compared with a typical year or more for an one-off part. This requires a radically-new approach to large optics fabrication, which will inevitably propagate into wider industrial optics. We report on how these ambitious requirements have stimulated an investigation into the synergy between robots and computer numerically controlled (‘CNC’) polishing machines for optical fabrication. The objective was not to assess which is superior. Rather, it was to understand for the first time their complementary properties, leading us to operate them together as a unit, integrated in hardware and software. Three key areas are reported. First is the novel use of robots to automate currently-manual operations on CNC polishing machines, to improve work-throughput, mitigate risk of damage to parts, and reduce dependence on highly-skilled staff. Second is the use of robots to pre-process surfaces prior to CNC polishing, to reduce total process time. The third draws the threads together, describing our vision of the automated manufacturing cell, where the operator interacts at cell rather than machine level. This promises to deliver a step-change in end-to-end manufacturing times and costs, compared with either platform used on its own or, indeed, the state-of-the-art used elsewhere.

C. Gray, I. Baker, G. Davies, R. Evans, N. Field, T. Fox-Leonard, W. Messelink, et al., ”Fast manufacturing of E-ELT mirror segments using CNC polishing,” Proc. SPIE 8838, 2023475 (2013).

M.2 is a specification for internally mounted computer expansion cards and associated connectors. It was originally known as the Next Generation Form Factor (NGFF) and was introduced by the PCI Special Interest Group (PCI-SIG) as a replacement for the aging mSATA standard. It was officially standardized in 2013 and quickly gained traction in the industry due to its compact design and high-speed capabilities.

Industrial Applications: M.2's durability and compact size make it suitable for various industrial applications, such as embedded systems and ruggedized computers.

Networking: M.2 slots are often used for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth modules in laptops and mini-PCs. These compact wireless cards provide reliable connectivity in portable devices.

Bondhus (US made) are the best, but also Wiha (Germany made) are very good.

The magnification of the ocular lenses on your scope is 10X. Objective lens X Ocular lens = Total magnification. For example: low power: (10X)(10X) = ...

UUQ Mini Reflex RMS/RMSc Red Dot Sight with Fiber Optics,2MOA,10 Brightness Adjustments Motion Awake Red Dot Scope for Rifles, Pistols and Shotguns,Suitable ...

Different Key Types: M.2 connectors come in different key types, denoted by a single-letter code (e.g., B-key, M-key, or B+M-key). These key types determine the compatibility of the M.2 slot with specific devices. For instance, an M-key slot supports both PCIe and SATA-based M.2 devices, while a B-key slot supports only SATA-based M.2 devices.

M. Cayrel, ”Specification for the supply by OpTIC of prototype segments of the E-ELT primary mirror,” E-SPE-ESO-300-0150 5, 1–36 (2013).

D. Walker, G. Yu, H. Li, W. Messelink, R. Evans, and A. Beaucamp, ”Edges in CNC polishing: from mirror-segments towards semiconductors, paper 1: edges on processing the global surface,” Opt. Express 20, 19787–19798 (2012).

by YJ Jen · 2011 · Cited by 54 — Waveplates are planar devices used in optics and optoelectronics to change the polarization state of light. Made of anisotropic dielectric ...