A telescope’s ability to spatially resolve astronomical objects is limited by the size of its primary mirror. Interferometry is a technique used to overcome this limitation by precisely combining light collected by an array of small telescopes to achieve the spatial resolving power (without the light collecting capability) equivalent to that of a telescope with a single primary mirror the size of the full array. This technique has a long history in radio astronomy and is increasingly being adopted at visible and infrared observatories to resolve binary stars, planetary systems, and stellar surface features (e.g. starspots). Interferometers need very precise phase matching of light collected across the array, which, owing to atmospheric turbulence, can only be achieved with very short (ms) exposure times. Atmospheric coherence times tend to be slightly longer at SWIR wavelengths, but the photon count per exposure can still be very low.

The First Light Imaging range for AO includes market-leading SWIR solutions such as the 3500 fps single photon sensitive C-RED One and the 600 fps InGaAs C-RED 2. It also includes a highly cost-effective C-RED 3 solution, delivering 600 fps from a compact, uncooled platform.

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C-RED 2 Lite is a compact high speed low noise TEC-stabilized SWIR camera, able to run at 600 FPS with 30 electrons readout noise. C-RED 2 Lite uses an optimized algorithm for precise sensor temperature stabilization, despite unavoidable environmental fluctuations, over extended periods of time.

The AV4(/M), AV5(/M), and AV6(/M) mounting feet each contain internal 1/4"-20 (M6) threading with four included 1/4"-20 (M6) threaded studs. In contrast, the AV3 mounting feet are not threaded, and are attached to equipment or breadboards using the included double-sided tape. See the table below for the load capacities and dimensions of each isolator. When choosing an isolator, we recommend picking the isolator that offers the largest range of damped frequencies for the specific load being used. For further assistance in choosing the proper Sorbothane isolator, please see the Feet Selection Guide tab above.

Impurities/doping, structural stress and defects, emission/absorption properties, bandgap measurement can be probed by a variety of techniques including photoluminescence, electroluminescence, cathodoluminescence, or 1064nm Raman.

Andor’s InGaAs series of SWIR cameras all deliver market-leading 600 fps. When it comes to high-speed, the C-RED 2, C-RED 2 Lite, C-RED 3 and C-RED New Space platforms all excel, ideal for interferometry, hyper-spectral imaging and much more.

The round sorbothane feet's isolation graphs, shown below, use load per isolator (m) in lbs, which is given by the following equation:

Newport opticaltable

There are many parameters to consider when selecting a SWIR camera. While the specification sheets for each model will provide the most comprehensive overview for each, the table below provides a helpful comparative specification overview.

The iDus InGaAs spectroscopy detector series offers high sensitivity and high dynamic range detection capabilities from 1-1.7 μm. Combined with Andor Kymera spectrographs, cryostat solutions and UV-NIR spectroscopy detectors, it provides seamlessly configurable workhorse platforms to cater for setups with multiple type of spectroscopy modalities and/or material types.

The example presented here details the steps needed to ensure the proper selection of round sorbothane isolator feet to match the requirements of a particular load and problem frequency. Following the example are plots showing the amount of isolation achieved for our isolator feet. For specific isolation recommendations, please contact Tech Support.

Please note that these feet may have silicon residue on their surface from the molding process. Thorlabs offers SB12E Adhesive Felt Sheets to reduce contact between this silicon residue and the work surface. These sheets can be cut to match the size of the sorbothane and easily attached via the adhesive side. The residue can also be removed by wiping the feet with an alcohol-based solvent such as isopropyl alcohol (IPA).

The flagship C-RED One e-APD MCT detector delivers single photon sensitivity at an incredible 3500 fps. The ideal SWIR detector for Adaptive Optics.

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Ideal for astronomy, carbon nanotube research, semiconductor inspection, spectroscopy, singlet oxygen detection and much more.

Andor’s C-RED 2 and C-RED 2 ER InGaAs cameras benefit from deep thermoelectric cooling, reducing darkcurrent to below photon background levels (in the SWIR domain), for longer exposure applications. Complemented by very competitive low read InGaAs noise levels.

For this example, the AV4(/M) or AV5(/M) sorbothane feet would both be acceptable solutions. The AV4 Ø27 mm isolator feet provide better isolation performance at lower frequencies but are near the load limit, so if the total load were higher than anticipated the isolator would be outside of the recommended load capacity. Our AV5 Ø38.1 mm isolator feet will have worse isolation performance at lower frequencies, but are well within the load range which may be preferable.

The iDus InGaAs spectroscopy detector series offers high sensitivity and high dynamic range detection capabilities from 1-1.7 μm or 2.2 μm. Combined with Andor Kymera/Shamrock spectrographs, cryostat solutions and UV-NIR spectroscopy detectors, it provides seamlessly configurable workhorse platforms to cater for setups with multiple type of spectroscopy modalities and/or material types.

Imaging and accurately quantifying all detail is often key. In some environments, scenery can be over-illuminated or details can be hidden. In scientific imaging, it can be important to quantify signal over a huge range of intensities within a scene, without compromising measurement speed.

In the SWIR band (900-2500nm), hyperspectral imaging is an emerging technology for production control. The advantages of simultaneous access to spatial and spectral characteristics of an object provide valuable information on the chemical composition of its surface.

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Andor offer compact and cost-effective SWIR InGaAs solutions for high-throughput inspection, surveillance, laser beam profiling, thermography, hyper-spectral imaging and much more.

Mixed pills imaged with a visible camera and with a hyperspectral imaging system (false colour display). Courtesy of First Light Imaging.

Andor’s C-RED 2, C-RED 2 Lite and C-RED 3 InGaAs cameras offer a unique High Dynamic Range mode, where the signal from the high and low capacities are linearly combined using a patented sensor readout method, allowing the camera to reach a dynamic of 93.6 dB with true 16 bits linear response, while maintaining a high frame rate of 600 fps.

Specially designed for short exposure time applications, C-RED 3 is a very compact high-speed VGA uncooled camera for SWIR imaging to 1.7 µm at up to 600 fps. C-RED 3 also benefits from real time Adaptive Bias for image quality uniformity in any variable temperature environment.

Capable of 3500 fps full frame readout and electron multiplication, the C-RED One camera from First Light Imaging delivers revolutionary sensitivity and speed for the most demanding SWIR interferometric observations.

To celebrate the launch of C-RED cameras we are offering exclusive prices for existing customers until the end of December.

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Wavefront sensing and correction through Adaptive Optics (AO) instrumentation enables real-time reduction in image distortion caused by atmospheric turbulence. AO systems afford considerable enhancement of both signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution for ground-based observations of objects in space. Wavefront sensors record the rapid variation of a wavefront, providing critical inputs to AO control and wavefront correction systems. Wavefront sensing in the SWIR wavelength domain is becoming increasingly prevalent and effective.

The mounts are sold as a set of four, contain a Schrader valve, and can be inflated using our standard foot pump. Other quantities are available by contacting Tech Support. Please follow the instructions outlined in the installation guide so that the isolation mounts are neither overinflated nor underinflated.

Optical spectroscopy can be used to probe the makeup, transformation processes and behaviour of chemical species in different environments.

If a sorbothane sheet is preferred, it would need to be cut to an appropriate size as described in the full web presentation on Sorbothane Isolators. For a 13.5 lb (6.1 kg) load, a 0.5" (12.7 mm) thick sheet cut into 1.5" x 0.5" (38.1 mm x 12.7 mm) pieces would provide a good isolation solution.

IsoPlate Passive Isolation Systems, which are available in two different sizes, provide portability and localized air suspension for small-scale experiments, demonstrations, and vibration-sensitive instrumentation. The breadboard, which must be purchased separately, sits on four rubber pads supported by inflated cushions. A pair of these cushions shares an air reservoir, and the remaining two cushions have independent reservoirs. This arrangement provides stable, three-point dynamics to the system.

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Filter table by applications Spectroscopy Cameras X-Ray Neutron Laser Beam Profiling Hyperspectral Imaging Surveillance Thermography Free Space Optics Communication Astronomy and Adaptive Optics View All Model C-RED One C-RED 2 C-RED 2 ER C-RED 2 Lite C-RED 3 C-RED New Space iDus InGaAs 1.7μm iDus InGaAs 2.2μm (mm) e-APD MCT InGaAs InGaAs InGaAs InGaAs InGaAs InGaAs InGaAs Sensor Format 320 x 256 640 x 512 640 x 512 640 x 512 640 x 512 640 x 512 1025 x 1512 x 1 1025 x 1512 x 1 Pixel Size (µm) 24 15 15 15 15 15 25 x 50050 x 500 25 x 25050 x 250 Wavelength Range (µm) 0.8 - 2.5 0.9 - 1.7 1.1 - 1.91.2 - 2.2 0.9 - 1.7 0.9 - 1.7 0.9 - 1.7 0.9 - 1.7 0.9 - 2.2 QE max (%) 80 85 82 (1.9)85 (2.2) 80 78 80 80 80 Cooling (°C) -183 -40 -40 (1.9µm model)-55 (2.2µm model) 25 below case temp Uncooled Environment Dependent -90 -90 (full array) 3500 fps 600 fps 600 fps 600 fps 600 fps 600 fps 193 sps 193 sps Read Noise (e-) < 1> 23 32 (1.9µm model)36 (2.2µm model) 28 (@ 5C cooled) 37 < 30 580 580 Darkcurrent (e-/pix/sec) < 80 @ -183C 310 @ -40C 19,500 @ -40C130,000 @ -55C 25,000 @ +5C 817,000 @ +40C TBD 11,000 @ -90C 5,000,000 @ -90C Pixel Well Depth (e-) 100,000 1,400,000 1,500,000 1,400,000 1,400,000 1,400,000 1,700,000,000 1,700,000,000 (Shutter) Global Global Global Global Global Global Global Global Interface Camera Link USB 3.1 Gen 1Camera Link USB 3.1 Gen 1Camera Link USB 3.1 Gen 1Camera Link USB 3.1 Gen 1Camera Link USB 3.1 Gen 1Camera Link USB 2.0 USB 2.0 Learn More Specifications Specifications Specifications Specifications Specifications Specifications Specifications Specifications Request Pricing Pricing Pricing Pricing Pricing Pricing Pricing Pricing Pricing

Sorbothane FeetThorlabs' Vibration Isolating Feet are fabricated from sorbothane and provide vibrational isolation for workbench-mounted breadboards. We offer multiple sorbothane feet options, with maximum load capacities ranging from 6 lbs (2.7 kg) to 50 lbs (22.7 kg). This low-level, passive isolation solution is well suited for non-sensitive applications, such as electronic equipment mounted on a tabletop.

Based on the values given above, the calculated load per isolator is 13.5 lbs. This value should then be looked up on each isolation graph for the round isolator feet below. Sorbothane feet with a calculated load per isolator that exceeds the maximum load are not suitable for the application. Without a known problem frequency, the isolator that effectively isolates at the lowest cut-on frequency is recommended.

Andor offer a comprehensive range of imaging and spectroscopic SWIR cameras, spanning a wide envelope of performance attributes. From state-of-the-art single photon sensitive, 90K cooled, ultra-high performance detectors to compact price/performance SWIR cameras for fast industrial imaging applications, we can guide you towards a solution that answers your needs.

Andor’s SWIR camera series, now including First Light Imaging C-RED SWIR cameras, provide superb sensitivity and speed performance across the Short-Wave Infra-Red wavelength domain. Technologies include market-leading InGaAs and the unique single photon sensitive ‘e-APD MCT’ imaging innovation.

Laser beam profiling is a technique used to measure and analyse the spatial characteristics of a laser beam. It provides information on intensity distribution, shape, and size. It has multiple applications:

Application will drive the choice of sensor technology and camera. Filter the below model comparison table by application to help find the detectors that best meet your needs.

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Hyperspectral imaging combines digital imaging with spectroscopy, adding a spectral dimension to conventional imaging. It is a mature technique for the analysis of agricultural fields, forest, or mines. In the past few years, it has emerged as an important tool for the industrial analysis of products (drugs, plastics, food, etc.).

Andor’s C-RED SWIR imaging camera series deliver the ultimate in high-speed solutions, truly market-leading right across the whole product range.

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Whether you need single photon sensitivity or reduced thermal noise for longer exposures, Andor’s C-RED SWIR imaging camera series deliver excellence in low light SWIR solutions.

These Passive Isolation Mounts, which are designed for use with breadboards and small optical tables, are particularly well-suited for upgrading a rigid, non-isolating support frame. They can also be placed on a floor or benchtop to provide a quick and easy temporary vibration isolation solution when a permanent system is not deemed necessary.

Typical C-RED One detector readout with six telescope delay from the MIRC-X instrument operating in All-In-One mode at the CHARA array. Photometry is measured at each wavelength channel on the left of the detector readout and interferometric fringes are formed on the right. Fringes from all 15 baselines are superimposed at non-redundant spatial frequencies. (from Setterholm et al. 2022, Proc. SPIE 12183, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VIII, 121830B)

Spectroscopy in the SWIR region can be used to characterise the optical and electronics properties of a wide range of novel engineering materials in the field of solar cells, quantum sources and nano-lasers, optical probes and functionalised molecules for biosensing (using the deeper probing properties of infrared photons in biological media), or Carbon Nanotubes and graphene-based nanostructures.

Astronomy imaging in the SWIR range. Image of Saturn at 50 ms exposure with C-RED 2. Courtesy of JL Gach, First Light Imaging.

These Sorbothane mounting feet provide a passive isolation solution for workbench-mounted breadboards. They can also be used to isolate noisy equipment from the optical table or breadboard surface. Unlike our pneumatic benchtop isolation solutions, these solid Sorbothane feet do not require inflation.

Further ReadingA Highly Sensitive Six-telescope Interferometric Imager at the CHARA ArrayA high angular resolution K-band imager at CHARAAdvances in Optical/Infrared Interferometry

Passive Isolation MountsOur Passive Isolation Mounts are pneumatic isolator feet that are used to stabilize a small optical table or breadboard. Sold as a set of four, they are easily attached to existing support systems and provide passive isolation to a wide range of work surface sizes. These isolation mounts are well suited for medium-sensitivity microscopy measurements and general photonics applications.

1064 nm laser-based Raman diagnostics can be used as a way to greatly minimise unwanted, competing autofluorescence contribution from some organic-based species. Singlet oxygen spectroscopy (with peak emission around 1,270 nm) can be used to probe photochemical reactions.

The C-RED One detector uses innovative e-APD MCT sensor technology, delivering single photon sensitivity from on-chip electron multiplying HgCdTe architecture. Covering a wavelength range from 0.8 µm to 2.5 µm, the platform also benefits from cooling to 90K to minimize thermal events.

VibrationIsolation Table

Today, visible cameras are established and versatile tools in astronomy. Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) camera technology for astronomy is now also quickly maturing to provide complementary observing capability at infrared wavelengths, opening paths to new discoveries and ever improved methods of studying the universe. Compared to those in visible light, SWIR observations reveal astrophysical phenomena that are cooler (cool/evolved stars, brown dwarfs, planets and exoplanets), more redshifted (galaxies, supernovae, cosmology), or obscured by dust (protostars, protoplanetary disks, galactic sources).

Thorlabs' passive benchtop isolation solutions are designed for temporary setups or less demanding applications. They provide vibrational isolation using either pneumatic isolators or sorbothane. Options are available for use with breadboards, optical tables, or other heavy equipment. For more demanding applications, see our line of active isolation breadboard support frames.

Andor’s C-RED camera series presents a wide range of fast and sensitive, cameras for Hyperspectral, across the full SWIR wavelength range. C-RED 2 Lite is a temperature-stabilized, cost-effective solution in the 900-1700nm range, whereas C-RED 2 ER can be very effectively utilized to extend coverage out to 2200nm.

Andor’s C-RED series provide a range of fast and sensitive solutions for beam profiling in the SWIR domain. C-RED 2 Lite and C-RED 3 provide cost-effective solutions for studying temporal characteristics at 600 fps. C-RED One provides temporal resolution at 3500 fps.

IsoPlateThorlabs' IsoPlate Isolation Systems use pneumatic isolators to provide vibrational isolation for breadboards. They consist of four inflated cushions that are built into the corners of a heavy-duty support plate. These isolation systems are well suited for medium-sensitivity microscopy measurements and general photonics applications.