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Laser physics: Lasers (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) are devices that produce highly collimated and coherent light. Laser physics is a branch of optics that studies the principles and applications of lasers.

Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and its manifestation as both particle and wave phenomena. It encompasses the study of the generation, propagation, manipulation, and detection of light, as well as its various applications. Optics plays a fundamental role in understanding vision, photography, microscopy, lasers, telecommunications, and a wide range of optical technologies.

by O Shigematsu · 2023 · Cited by 5 — Computer-generated holography with ordinary display ... We propose a method of computer-generated holography (CGH) using incoherent light emitted ...

The development of a pulsed coherent LIDAR system potentially was theorised to offer clear air detection over a distributed corridor to several kilometres range and not suffer from terrain induced clutter. The DERA design was based upon being able to build a compact and high performance monostatic system in which the same LIDAR telescope transmits and receives the laser signal.

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Optics is a broad and interdisciplinary field that intersects with physics, engineering, materials science, biology, and other disciplines. The understanding of optics has led to numerous technological advancements and continues to play a crucial role in various scientific and industrial applications.

The task of having to try to measure the dispersion of airborne pollutants in a built up city environment along a clear air corridor necessitated the development of the new generation of pulsed coherent laser radar (LIDAR) system. Traditional techniques including radar and continuous wave (c.w) LIDAR were found to have notable shortfalls in trying to solve this problem. Whilst c.w LIDAR offered good spatial and spectral resolution, such systems typically measure wind velocity and turbulence at a point in space and are limited to a few hundred metres detection range. Radar was eliminated as a measurement tool mainly due to the clutter experienced close to a built up environment and the lack of clear air returns.

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Each off-axis beam expander is housed in an aluminium housing with provision for fixing to an optical table. Alignment aids are provided to ensure correct beam pointing. Standard beam expanders have fixed magnification. Variable magnification beam expanders can be supplied with interchangeable primary mirrors. An interferogram and OPD map is supplied with every beam expander manufactured by Optical Surfaces.

Optical materials: The study of materials with optical properties, such as lenses, prisms, and mirrors, falls under the domain of optics. This includes the characterization and development of materials for specific optical applications.

Beam expander

En physique des ondes, la réfraction désigne la courbe d'une onde (notamment optique, acoustique ou sismologique) à l'interface entre deux milieux aux ...

The LIDAR system was developed to measure phenomena involved in local wind fields and the dispersion of atmospheric pollution in built up city areas. In this demanding application the LIDAR directs an eye-safe pulsed CO2 laser into the atmosphere. Naturally occurring aerosol particles in the air backscatter the laser radiation and this is detected by the LIDAR receiver. The Doppler shift between the out-going and backscattered light is evaluated thereby giving the line-of-sight velocity of the aerosol scatterers which can be assumed to move with the localised wind field.

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Laser beam

Drawing upon 30 years of international design and manufacturing experience Optical Surfaces Ltd. indicated that the required high performance and design compactness was best achieved through an off-axis parabolic beam expander. Benefiting from a stabilised manufacturing environment Optical Surfaces was able to supply a compact x15 off-axis beam expander unit with a transmitted wavefront accuracy of lambda/5 over the complete 150mm output aperture measured at 633nm. The high surface quality of the optics virtually eliminated any limitation on the performance of the LIDAR system due to telescope feedback.

Physical optics: Physical optics, also known as wave optics, considers light as an electromagnetic wave. It explores phenomena such as interference, diffraction, polarization, and the wave nature of light. This branch of optics is crucial for understanding various optical phenomena at the wave level.

Optical Surfaces Ltd. have collaborated with the Remote Sensing Group at the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency (D.E.R.A., Malvern, UK) and the Civil Engineering Department of Salford University (Manchester, UK) to develop high performance off-axis beam expanders for integration into a new generation of pulsed coherent LIDAR systems.

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Beam ExpanderThorlabs

Operating at 120 pulses per second (500 nanosecond pulse length) the DERA LIDAR system has been able to routinely measure the wind velocity and the aerosol concentration to a range of 3 km with a range resolution of approximately 100 meters.

In future it is planned to exploit the achromatic performance of the optical system, making multiple wavelength DIfferential Absorption Lidar (D.I.A.L.) measurements in this Doppler mode where species concentrations and the wind field can be simultaneously monitored with the same equipment.

Coming ready aligned the DERA team was able to simply and rapidly integrate the variable focus (infinity to 20 metres) beam expander into the LIDAR unit. Further future operational flexibility was built-in as the off-axis beam expander design gave completely achromatic performance from the infrared to the visible.

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The DERA site at Malvern has been involved in the development and theoretical understanding of remote sensing applications for over 30 years. With a considerable in-house expertise in theoretical physics and engineering staff familiar with building instruments, DERA have been involved in notable remote sensing projects with the UK MOD, European Space Agency, Aerospace Companies and University Research Departments.

Optical Surfaces laser beam expanders incorporate off-axis mirrors which provide an unobstructed output and highly efficient transmission.The reflective design of these beam expanders is achromatic and with aluminium coatings can operate from UV to far IR without adjustment. Optical Surfaces beam expanders are portable and can be used without the need for internal re-alignment.

Optics Software for Layout and Optimization ... Optics Software for Layout and Optimization (OSLO) is an optical design program originally developed at the ...

When something needs to be raised, lowered, pushed, pulled, rotated, positioned, lifted, shifted or moved, 24v and 12v linear actuators are easy to install, ...

Geometrical optics: Geometrical optics deals with the study of light as rays, focusing on the principles of reflection and refraction. It describes the behavior of light when it encounters surfaces and interfaces, using concepts such as lenses and mirrors.

The Emzone Compressed Air Duster is a powerful pressurized tool designed to eliminate dust, dirt, and debris from various hard-to-reach places.

Among the items found within Topaz' next were a bundle of straw, a magnifying glass, a single gold coin and a unique key. Appendix. Appearances. Video ...

Fiber optics: Fiber optics involves the transmission of light through thin, flexible fibers made of glass or plastic. This technology is widely used for communication, providing high-speed data transmission over long distances.

Feb 1, 2018 — Monocular double vision in one eye often presents as a ghost image, a shadow that overlaps with the primary image. It can affect the left eye, ...

Quantum optics: Quantum optics involves the study of the quantum mechanical nature of light. It explores the behavior of individual photons, quantum entanglement, and the interaction between light and matter at the quantum level.

Optical instruments: Optics is applied in the design and development of optical instruments such as microscopes, telescopes, cameras, and spectrometers. These instruments are used for observation, measurement, and analysis in various scientific and technological fields.

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The Filter on/off button allows you to toggle the filter on/off. You can also save the filter that you created earlier for future use. The Filter button allows ...