Ultrafast Science and Photonics | Research Themes | INRS - ultrafast optics
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The high resolution and efficiency of Echelle gratings come at the cost of a more complex optical setup. Multiple diffraction orders often overlap in the spectrum produced by an Echelle grating, which requires the use of additional optics, such as prisms or cross-dispersive gratings, to spatially separate the orders for analysis.
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Echelle gratings utilize a phenomenon known as diffraction, which occurs when a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit that is comparable in size to its wavelength. The Echelle grating is tilted at a steep angle, known as the blaze angle, to direct most of the diffracted light into a preferred order, often much higher than those used in typical diffraction gratings. This blaze angle enhances the efficiency of the grating in that order, resulting in brighter and clearer spectra.
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Echelle gratings are primarily used in spectroscopy for the analysis of atomic and molecular spectra. Specifically, they serve in the following roles:
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An Echelle grating is a type of diffraction grating characterized by its constructively large step height and blaze angle, designed for high-resolution spectroscopic applications. Echelle gratings are used to disperse light into its component wavelengths. However, unlike conventional gratings, they are optimized to work at high diffraction orders, which allows for the separation of spectral lines that are extremely close in wavelength.