The microlens array generates a fairly homogenic beam with high efficiency, and can be designed to produce geometric spot shapes (round, square, line etc.), however due to it’s refractive sub-aperture nature, it has an angular tolerance and fuzzier, softer edge compared to a diffractive diffuser, and is thus less recommended for systems requiring high precision.

Pi shaper

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There are various applications that utilize laser beam shaping and reap the benefits. Some of the more common ones include:

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Gaussianbeam

Unlike the diffractive optics beam shaping solutions stated above, a MLA is a refractive beam shaping option making it applicable for use in polychromatic systems where more than a single wavelength requires the same shaping in the same optical path, or where white light or highly divergent sources such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) are in use.

Laguerre Gaussbeam

In many laser applications, where there is an advantage for a clear border between the treated and the untreated area, this energy profile is not optimal.

There are various types of laser beam shapers with different properties to each:Top-hat beam shaperDiffractive diffuserBroadband diffuserMicrolens array

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... polarisation direction. Polarised light can ... Linear polarized light occurs when the horizontal and vertical components are in phase.

A magnifying glass is usually a convex lens (a lens that bulges outwards), made of either glass or plastic. Light hits the glass at an angle, and it gets refracted towards the centre of the lens. Leaving the glass makes it refract even further, meaning, at some point, these rays of light converge together.

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Flat-topbeam

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A laser beam shaper is an optical component used to manipulate the phase of the beam passing through it and modify the beam’s intensity profile to a well defined shape and size, with controlled intensity distribution within the spot.

A magnifying glass is a great thing to bring on a summer evening walk – you can use it to examine bugs, stones, leaves and anything else you see that warrants some close attention.

A laser beam shaper is an optical component that modifies the intensity profile of the incident beam to create a well distinguished spot shape with sharp edges, so that the ratio between energy level inside the spot and out of it is as close to 100% as possible.

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The microlens array (MLA) is possibly the most common and well known beam shaping solution, but perhaps also the most limited one amongst the solutions offered here for beam shaping purposes. As its name implies, it comprises an array of microlenses arranged in a certain specific periodic grid – typically round, square or cylindrical lenses in a square, hexagonal or a linear grid. Used in a defocus regime, or as a part of a fly-eye-diffuser pair, it can produce diffusion and flat-top shaping for less coherent beams.

Another characteristic of the laser beam shaper is the energy distribution inside the spot that can be controlled, thus enabling a more accurate, homogeneous and controlled process with minimal energy waste.

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The broadband diffuser (BD), also known as engineered diffuser, is a special flat-top beam shaping micro-refractive diffuser much similar to MLA, however with pseudo-random arrangement of the lenslets which results in far better homogenization quality compared to a simple MLA. By modifying the sub-aperture optical functions  beyond the profile of a simple lens one can achieve versatile control of the shape, including M Shapes (Bat Wing) or even flat profile rings.

This is also why, if you hold a magnifying glass above the ground on a sunny day, you may see a bright spot form. Just as with light coming from other objects, the magnifying glass can concentrate light from the sun.

A laser beam shaper is an optical component used to manipulate the phase of the beam passing through it and modify the beam’s intensity profile to a well defined shape and size, with controlled intensity distribution within the spot.

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Beamshaper

Because sunlight is much stronger than ambient light, this can be quite dangerous – the magnifying glass can concentrate sunlight enough to set things alight. Make sure never to do this near flammable objects, and don’t leave your magnifying glass lying around outside on total fire ban days.

in the above table you can find a comparison table between the different options, but the best way to know would be to contact us with your input beam specs and your output requirements and we will offer the most suitable solution for you.

Beamexpander

It seems odd that changing the speed of light should change its angle – it’s because, rather than moving in a straight line, light moves in waves. Part of the wave is slowing down before the rest has done so. Some people compare this to driving a car off the road at an angle – if the left front wheel hits dirt and slows down while the right wheel is still on bitumen, the car will swing to the left.

in the above table you can find a comparison table between the different options, but the best way to know would be to contact us with your input beam specs and your output requirements and we will offer the most suitable solution for you.

A top hat beam shaper, also known as flat top beam shaper, is the high-end option applicable for laser systems that use single mode low M^2 laser beams (typically M^2 < 1.5). A flat top laser beam shaper is a diffractive optical element (DOE) that transforms the Gaussian beam into a flat-top beam with uniform intensity inside a well-defined shape with pre-designed angular dimensions, and a very sharp energy drop at the shape edges (the “transfer region”).

Choosing a laser beam shaper can depend on many variants and there is no clear cut answer to which shaper  type is the best for what application. The below qualitative table summarizes the differences and advantages of each type and will try to direct you to the correct solution for your needs.

How to design a Gaussian to top hatbeamshaper

DOEs are designed to work with a specific wavelength in which they enjoy a perfect angular accuracy and very low production tolerances thanks to their manufacturing process, making them the best solution for laser applications requiring high accuracy. They are fabricated onto optical windows making them flat, thin and lightweight, properties that bring added value to many customers requiring a compact solution.

Much like the top hat beam shaper, the diffractive diffuser is a DOE and thus it provides the same benefits of sharp transfer region, perfect angular accuracy, very low production tolerances and compactness. Unlike the flat top laser beam shaper, the diffractive diffuser is not sensitive to centration or beam size, making it very easy to integrate into existing systems.

BD are specially designed laser beam shaping solutions for applications where multiple lasers are used in the same optical path for example: RGB module, tunable lasers and frequency doubled lasers operating over a broad spectral range.

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Laser beamhomogenizer

If you’ve held up a glass in front of a cool leaf (for instance), the light from the leaf is getting concentrated, rather than dispersed as it would ordinarily. If you put your eye at the right spot in front of the glass, you’ll see a larger image of the leaf.

Light travels at different speeds through different substances. It goes slightly slower through glass and plastic than it does through air.

This speed difference isn’t obvious to the human eye. But it does have another noticeable effect: it can change the angle at which light is travelling. This is referred to as refraction, and it happens as long as the light is hitting the glass at an angle other than 90°.

BD elements offer high homogeneity with the same performance over a wide wavelength spectrum from IR to UV, high efficiency and no zero order.

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The diffractive diffuser is best used in laser systems with low coherence laser beams. It diffracts the beam and then scrambles it onto itself to achieve a highly homogenous, speckle free beam. The diffractive diffuser can be designed to any desired spot shape and size including free-form spot shapes, with controlled energy distribution within the spot (for example a bat-wing distribution, a non-symmetric tail and many more).

A laser beam is characterized by a coherent, monochromatic irradiance with a Gaussian profile, where the beam intensity is strongest at the center of the beam and decays towards the edges of it. If looking at the intensity profile on the working plane, this radiance profile results in a spot that has strong energy at the center and continuously fades outside of the center until the energy level reaches zero.