The researchers conclude their article with the observation that “The concept proves that using these two dimensional chiral-hybrid systems gain control over spin without magnets and has broad implications” for applications that include LED devices. -Arthur Berman

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Polarizers used in cinematography are often inserted in a matte box so there's an opportunity to insert a circular pol backwards and it doesn't polarize when inserted incorrect.

In terms paraphrased from the article, the approach adopted by the researchers can be explained with reference to the figure below. From bottom to top:

In less technical terms, the left handed oriented chiral layer allows the transport of electrons having spin up but block electrons with spin down and vice versa. In the device structure, this results in circularly polarized light emission – without the need for a magnetic field, magnetic materials or cryogenic temperatures.

A recent article by the team on this topic is entitled “Chiral-induced spin selectivity enables a room-temperature spin light-emitting diode.” It was published in Science, 2021; 371 (6534): 1129. A copy of the article is available for purchase here.

Circular polarizers for cinematography are marked to show proper orientation, but mistakes happen.   If you have no mirrors or reflective surfaces in your system, such as a mirror or a beam splitter . . . then the Linear-Pol will not cause you any trouble and you can’t put it in the matte box backwards, which might save you some time and trouble.

Development of an LED that directly emits circularly polarized light with a handedness that matches that of the circularly polarizing anti-glare filter should result in a much brighter display. Alternately, an LED material designed to emit circular polarized light having appropriate handedness could improve energy efficiency by a factor of about two with no reduction in display brightness. A number of approaches are under development to produce such a LED. One such method was reported last year in a Display Daily article entitled “Means to Switch the Chirality of OLED Light Emission is Under Development”.

The classic problem in 35mm film production was the video tap. Using a linear polarizer on a film camera with a video tap, could and often would cause the video feed to go dark because the partially silvered mirror in the video tap would get cross polarized.  A very similar cross polarization is used to create Variable Neutral Density Filters with ND values between ND 0.6 (2 Stops) and ND 2.4 (8 stops).  8 stops means that only about 0.39% of the light gets past the filter.   A Neutral Density Filter with an ND Value of ND 2.4 can be used to allow opening the aperture in a lens for shallow depth of field, or slow a shutter for various effects . . . it is not a good thing to do accidentally in an optical system with a mirror.

To start, a few words about spintronics. Electrons can spin in two directions (call them spin up and spin down). An electric current is not required to maintain spin. Most optoelectronic devices, including conventional LEDs, operate using only the charge aspect of electrons and not their spin. Spintronic devices, however, can use spin alone or both. Implementation of spintronics-based technology typically requires the ability to controllably re-orient the direction of an electron’s spin. Due to spin, electrons have a magnetic moment. As a consequence, controlling spin direction usually requires using a magnetic field, magnetic materials and possibly even cryogenic temperatures. Companies that make LED displays clearly do not want to deal with such requirements – thus, spintronics have not been used in LEDs. The research undertaken by the team was intended to address key issues that prevent the use of spintronics in LEDs.

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There are real incentives to develop LED materials and device configurations that emit circularly polarized light. Using conventional approaches, close to half of the unpolarized light produced by an LED can be blocked by the circularly polarizing anti-glare filter that is typically attached to the uppermost surface of a LED-based display.

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In still photography, SLR cameras and DSLR cameras have a mirror, which a linear polarizer can cross polarize, causing the image to darken or go black.

The short answer is that both Linear and Circular Polarizers do the same thing. The actual polarization effects such as reducing reflections on glass surfaces, increasing color saturation in foliage, darkening a blue sky are the same with both Linear and Circular polarizers.

With a circular pol, the quarter wave plate on the rear of the polarizer spins the light before it enters the camera lens so that it doesn't get cross polarized on any reflective surfaces in the system, such as  the partial mirror in a video tap or a DSLR mirror.

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SMDLEDpolarity

With drop-in filters, rectangular filters and Rota-Pols for cine matte boxes, circular polarizing filters are labeled with “this side out”.

The main problem that the circular polarizer addresses is cross polarization on other reflective surfaces in your system such as mirrors and beam splitters. Reflective surfaces polarize light . . . which is why a polarizer can reduce or eliminate those reflections.  If you have a mirror or other reflective surface inside your camera, a linear polarizer can cross polarize the reflected image and possibly black out the image.

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Lindsey Optics offers both circular and linear polarizers in professional cine sizes in 4.5" Round Drop-In, 138mm Round Drop-In, and 4"x5.65" and Rota-Pols in 4x5.65" and 6.6x6.6" all with anti-reflection coating.

The linear polarizer element in a circular polarizer needs to be out front, pointed at the world, with the quarter wave plate on the rear side, the camera lens side. A circular polarizer doesn’t work if you get it in backwards. With a screw-in filter that’s no issue, there's only one way you can screw it on the lens..

LEDpositive negative symbol

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In their article, the researchers report that the so-called spin-LED device achieves ±2.6% circularly polarized electroluminescence at room temperature.

Circular Polarizers contains a Linear Polarizer component that does the main work of polarization, as well as a second layer inside the filter called a Quarter Wave Plate, which “spins” the light after it goes through the linear layer and before it enters the camera lens.

Our Rota-Pol a circular polarizer made to fit in 4"x5.65" cine matte boxes and allow quick and easy rotation by hand or with a motor:

202313 — Also known as anti-glare or AR, this particular coating removes scattered light which reflects on the front and back of your glasses lenses.

So if you are asking the question:  "Do I need a circular or linear polarizer?", we hope we've given you enough information to make that decision.

The particular advantage of the use of perovskite materials in spintronic applications is that they are two dimensional. This allows fabrication of “large areas,” many square centimeter sized areas, each of which containing 1015 standing molecules with the same chirality.

In the latest news, a team of researchers headed by Young-Hoon Kim of the Chemistry and Nanoscience Center within the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (Golden, CO) is developing a new and highly novel type of circularly polarized light emitting LED that is based on spintronics technology.