Few years ago most of camera manufactures used camera lenses with normal lens and viewing angles for such lens could be calculated using usual ArcTan() formula.

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It is very important to use the right lens for desired field of view; otherwise the images on security cameras will not be satisfactory. CCTV security camera lens with fixed focal length are less expensive and give smaller distortions but do not offer flexibility in terms of  field of view choices.

Another important difference between multispectral and hyperspectral imagery is the ability to use AI and machine learning, facilitated by the high informational content of hyperspectral data. This allows to continually improve existing products and develop new products. Multispectral imaging technology lacks the information richness to enable continual development. Therefore, hyperspectral imaging is positioned to become a main remote sensing technology used on a global scale for various agricultural applications.

DOF calculator

Hyperspectral imagery has been available for 20–30 years, but it’s been an extremely expensive exercise constructing the equipment, hiring developers, and analyzing the terabytes of data, so has mainly been used by large research institutes (Carnegie Airborne Observatory, ETHZ, etc.), space agencies and the military. Below we would like to compare multispectral vs hyperspectral imaging and clarify what are the real benefits of hyperspectral imaging in agriculture.

To sum up, hyperspectral imaging is the most information-rich source of spectral data and provides multiple benefits over multispectral imagery to address different farming issues, such as detection of diseases, pests, NPK deficiencies, identification of weeds and other. Precision agriculture requires more than RGB information or multispectral imagery, and currently the hyperspectral imaging is the most advanced technology for remote sensing applications.

Equivalent focal length calculator

Avoid using commonly available online lens calculators because modern wide-angle cameras have non-standard wide angles (like 110 degrees instead of 85 degrees calculated by outdated Field of View calculators), and only a FOV calculator with a built-in database of camera models can show correct angles and calculate FOV precisely.

Gamaya is a Swiss-based company that develops crop intelligence platform to address crop and region specific issues to increase efficiency and sustainability of farming businesses.

The table below reveals the main differences between multispectral and hyperspectral imaging, highlighting the ability to address specific agricultural applications.

FOV tofocal length calculator

Built-in camera FOV calculator displays the range of viewing angles for the selected wide angle camera with variofocal lens.

fov和焦距的关系

CameraFOVcalculator

The only way to calculate the horizontal angle or field of view is to use manufacturer’s data and therefore tools with database of camera models, like IP Video System Design Tool show the correct result:

In everyday language the Field of View of Field of Vision, abbreviated as FOV, refers to that area which is visible through any optical instrument, which could be the human eye or a lens. This definition can be applied to the CCTV parlance and FOV can be defined as the width or height of a scene to be monitored by the security camera.  In CCTV Field of View depends on a number of factors such as the sensor format, the focal length of a lens, and the distance from the objects.

Camera Field of View on 2D site plan (different colors represent camera zones with different pixel density): Calculating Field of View for cameras on the imported site map or floor plan.

For example for Hikvision DS-2CD2622FWD-I(Z)(S) the manufacturer has the following angle range specified: from 35 to 106 degrees. Ordinary lens calculators will give a wrong angle range, most likely: from 24 to 85 degrees.

Hyperfocal distance calculator

Gamaya provides the world’s most advanced solution for diagnostics of farmland using a unique constellation of patented hyperspectral imaging technology, drone-based deployment and artificial intelligence. Gamaya farmland analytics solution improves production efficiency and risk management by facilitating optimised usage of chemicals and fertilisers, as well as reducing disease and weed-related losses. Some of the information services that we provide for soybean, corn and sugarcane include the detection and diagnostics of crop diseases, classification of weeds, optimization of fertilization, identification of crop varieties, as well as prediction of yield.

Dfov hfov calculator

Also for a proper lens selection you should consider both camera installation height and object height. Without taking all these parameters in the picture, the calculation error can exceed 30%.

Here is the new 3D Online Lens Calculator with a built-in camera database. As a better alternative you can use IP Video System Design Tool, our professional CCTV design software. With that tool you can load a site map, add multiple cameras and see how modification of any installation parameter can affect the camera coverage.

Gamaya is a data analytics company that empowers farmers with unprecedented in-depth understanding of their lands and crops using unique hyperspectral imaging and artificial intelligence. Gamaya is one of the first commercial company that makes hyperspectral imaging accessible for commercial applications, such as precision agriculture, at the cost comparable to multispectral imaging. The hyperspectral camera, developed by Gamaya, is not our primary goal. Our core expertise is in the analysis and interpretation of hyperspectral data using artificial intelligence to produce the information about the plant physiology.

Higher spectral resolution of the hyperspectral imaging predetermines the high information content of the hyperspectral data, which is 10 times higher than NDVI. As hyperspectral imaging allows to identify unique physiological crop traits, it becomes possible to identify crop diseases, pests and nutrient deficiencies, due to ability to correlate spectral signature with changes in the plant physiology. Hyperspectral imaging can identify and classify different type of weeds, wild vegetation and crop varieties, due to the fact that each specie of vegetation and variety of crop has its unique spectral signature.

As seen from the table, multispectral imagery is largely limited to enabling analysis based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NVDI) and cannot, for instance, distinguish or classify weeds, diseases or pests. Multispectral cameras can measure generic characteristics such as if a plant is healthy or not, but hyperspectral images can go much further, and diagnose the exact reason for that state. In this sense, multispectral imaging is analogue of the blood pressure or heart rate measurements in medicine, while hyperspectral imaging is analogue of MRI scan, used to diagnose specific diseases.

The spectral resolution is the main factor that distinguishes hyperspectral imagery from multispectral imagery. Based on spectral responses, hyperspectral imagery captures more narrow bands than multispectral in the same portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The advantage of a higher spectral resolution gives ability to distinguish between different crop characteristics, which in turn provides ability to address more and much more complicated farming issues. The greater/finer detail in a scene, the more likely unique crop characteristics and physiological traits are to be defined.