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The main difference between a constant aperture lens like an f/2.8 zoom and a variable aperture lens like an f/3.5-5.6 zoom is how the aperture changes as you zoom in and out.

The advantage of a constant aperture lens is that you can maintain a consistent exposure and depth of field as you zoom in and out. This can be particularly useful in low-light situations where you need a wide aperture to let in more light.

In contrast, a variable aperture lens changes its aperture as you zoom in and out, meaning that the maximum aperture changes depending on the focal length you set. For example, an f/3.5-5.6 lens will have a maximum aperture of f/3.5 at its widest zoom setting, but as you zoom in, the maximum aperture will decrease to f/5.6.

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The disadvantage of a constant aperture lens is the price – it tends to be more expensive than a variable aperture lens, due to the complexity of the lens design required to maintain a constant aperture throughout the zoom range.

The advantage of a variable aperture lens is it requires less complex lens design, so it can also be lighter and more compact than a constant aperture lens. Better for travel perhaps.

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The disadvantage of a variable aperture lens is that as you zoom in, the aperture decreases, which can make it more challenging to maintain a consistent exposure and depth of field. This can be particularly problematic in low-light situations where you need a wider aperture to let in more light. Additionally, a variable aperture can make it more difficult to achieve a pleasing bokeh effect (the blurred background), as the aperture changes with the zoom range.

A constant aperture lens maintains the same aperture throughout its zoom range, meaning that regardless of the focal length you set, the aperture remains the same. For example, an f/2.8 lens will have a maximum aperture of f/2.8 throughout its entire zoom range. The 70-200 can be F2.8 at 70 and 200mm.