In a few decades since the 1960s, the laser has gone from being a science fiction fantasy, to a laboratory research curiosity, to an expensive but valuable tool in esoteric scientific applications, to its current role as an integral part of everyday tasks as mundane as reading grocery prices or measuring a room for wallpaper. Any substantial list of the major technological achievements of the Twentieth Century would include the laser near the top. The pervasiveness of the laser in all areas of current life can be best appreciated by the range of applications that utilize laser technology. At the spectacular end of this range are military applications, which include using lasers as weapons to possibly defend against missile attack, and at the other end are daily activities such as playing music on compact disks and printing or copying paper documents. Somewhere in between are numerous scientific and industrial applications, including microscopy, astronomy, spectroscopy, surgery, integrated circuit fabrication, surveying, and communications.

Explore how laser amplification occurs starting from spontaneous emission of the first photon to saturation of the laser cavity and the establishment of a formal equilibrium state in this interactive tutorial.

Population inversion can be produced in two ways: by creating excess atoms in a high energy state, or reducing the population of a lower energy state. See the metastable states for both three-level and four-level laser systems.

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Learn more in this interactive tutorial about semiconductor diode lasers having sufficient power output to be useful in optical microscopy are now available from a host of manufacturers

Angular measurement on the horizontal plane, with respect to true north, is referred to as yaw. Yaw is also known as azimuth or heading. The angular measurement ...

Edmund Optics

These filters reduce the amount of light passing through the camera lens without changing the color of the scene. They are especially useful in bright light ...

Sep 2, 2021 — Light microscopy is used to make small structures and samples visible by providing a magnified image of how they interact with visible light, ...

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Discover more about the self mode-locked Ti:sapphire pulsed laser and how it is currently one of the preferred laser excitation sources in a majority of multiphoton fluorescence microscopy investigations.

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Once assembled, the imaging lenses can be fully characterized on and off axis, with simultaneous measurement of wavefront and imaging performances such as MTF and PSF. Thanks to the Kaleo MTF test station, the measurement process is automated.

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... 900—4.5]. 567—3.1(17A,455B) Adoption by reference. The commission adopts by reference 561—Chapter 3,. Iowa Administrative Code. This rule is intended to ...

The $200 glasses come with a certificate because they are tested. If you find some $25 pair that seems to have good reviews, buy a pair and put ...

For building and industrial use, interchangeable thermal camera lenses run from narrow fields of view from 6° to 15°, standard 25° view and wide fields of ...

Precise positioning and alignment of optical elements are key to ensure the global performance of the final assembly. Live wavefront monitoring is the perfect tool to compare each step to the optical design and ensure optimal performance of the final assembly.

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Complex optical assemblies require precise control of each component. Combining high-resolution and high-dynamics, the SID4 wavefront sensors and Phasics metrology stations are perfectly suited to characterize such components either in single or double pass.

Firebird Optics' polarizing plate beamsplitters come with a variety of coatings for various laser wavelengths. Featuring a 45º angle of incidence, ...

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The special nature of laser light has made laser technology a vital tool in nearly every aspect of everyday life including communications, entertainment, manufacturing, and medicine.

Discover how varying the appropriate frequencies can alter curves describing the number of cavity modes and gain bandwidth of a laser in this interactive tutorial.

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The lasers employed in optical microscopy are high-intensity monochromatic light sources, which are useful for a variety of techniques including optical trapping, lifetime imaging studies, and TIRFM.

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Learn more in this tutorial about the well-explored family of ion lasers and how the argon-ion laser operates in the visible and ultraviolet spectral regions by utilizing an ionized species of the noble gas argon.

One important concept necessary in understanding laser operation is that quantization of energy in the atom results in discrete energy levels. Explore concepts of spontaneous absorption, emission, as well as stimulated emission.

Explore in this interactive tutorial the interactions between a laser beam and the surface of a spinning compact disk showing variations of how light is scattered or reflected back into a detector.

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Modern optical design and assembly benefit from tremendous innovation in manufacturing technologies: CNC and molding pave the way to complex freeform shapes, high-index materials reduce form factors, and multi-layer coatings bring customized spectral response. High-resolution wavefront sensing helps R&D and QA engineers to meet all measurement challenges from optical design to final assembly.

Many applications, such as illumination techniques in fluorescence optical microscopy, require a reliable power laser source enabling efficient frequency conversions as explained in this interactive java tutorial.