Linearly polarizedlight

S = skip.  HPOL light vibrate sideways, and skips off the surface with almost zero penetration.  Think of a pencil held sideways, then thrown toward the surface.  It hits the surface with the pencil sideways, and reflects the sideways pencil away.

There are more things to think about than the result of the photo: you might be limited physically with how close you can get, whether you have a tripod or not, how your camera body deals with low light and stabilization, and so on.

Circularly polarizedlight

More information about S and P polarization states: How does OpticStudio define the s- and p-polarization states? | Zemax Community

If you want to polarize light in a specific direction, you can model it by setting the polarization state of the light source + reference axis + rotation of the light source.

P polarised lightapp

Notice the door in the background appears much further away and smaller in the 30mm shot vs the 70mm, but the distance between it and Him-Dude is physically the same. I didn’t move the minifig at all, just the camera.

A lens with a shorter focal length like 30mm will have a wider field of view than a lens with a longer focal length like 70mm. A lens that has a wider field of view can capture more of the environment.

Circular polarization

The focal length of the lens is one of the first things I think about when creating a photo. The lens I choose has a huge effect on the composition and the emotion I want to capture so it’s important to understand what different focal lengths do for an image.

The photo on the right has a lot more of the environment in the frame than the photo on the left. If context and surroundings are important to tell the story, then use a wider angle lens, i.e. one with a shorter focal length.

Unpolarizedlight

(2) It advances in the Z direction, but because the electric field oscillates in the X direction, it becomes X-polarized light (linearly polarized light in the X direction).

Plane polarizedlight

If you want to set it to X-direction polarization as a prerequisite for light propagation in the Z direction, you need to choose a Y-axis reference.

P = penetrate. Think of a sewing machine needle, going up and down in a vertical direction, penetrating cloth.  That's what the E field is doing to the optical surface.

These are just some of the questions I ask myself when deciding on a lens. You can find those in my toy photography workflow.

P = penetrate. Think of a sewing machine needle, going up and down in a vertical direction, penetrating cloth.  That's what the E field is doing to the optical surface.

In Zemax, the local coordinates used to define the polarization state of the light source are Jx (the energy corresponding to the S component) and Jy (the energy that defines the P component).

Hey yuan, Iam need to see how the polarization effects the interference. how can i set a polarizer such that only S-polarised beam is transmitted. I tried to define ideal2 coating on a cylinder and placed on beam path. But i cant see the effect of places polariser. Could you please help with this regards?

P polarised lightmeaning

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The focal length changed the composition as a result: my hero is framed within the door in the photo on the right but not so much on the left.

S = skip.  HPOL light vibrate sideways, and skips off the surface with almost zero penetration.  Think of a pencil held sideways, then thrown toward the surface.  It hits the surface with the pencil sideways, and reflects the sideways pencil away.

When linearly polarized in a specific direction, the light source can be rotated by an angle, thus changing the polarization direction of the resulting light.

s-polarization vsppolarization

Have a look at this animated GIF showing 4 images captured with different macro lenses while keeping Him-Dude™ relatively the same size in the frame:

From the figure below, (1) goes in the Z direction, but the electric field oscillates in the Y direction, thus becoming Y-polarized light (linearly polarized light in the Y direction).

Similarly, if the light source is polarized in the Y direction, you can choose an X-axis reference so that there is no component in the Ex direction.

The plane formed by the incident light vector and the boundary normal vector is called the incident plane. When the electric field oscillates perpendicular to the incident surface, it is defined as s-polarized light or TE-polarized light. When the electric field oscillates parallel to the plane of incidence, it is defined as p-polarized light or TM polarized light. S is a vertical word in German with the acronym Senkrecht. p stands for parallel.

The focal length affects how much of your scene is in the frame, how close objects in the frame appear, and the size of the subject.

Emotionally, the two feel different as well. The shot on the left feels more immersive while the shot on the right feels more isolated.