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The beam angle determines how large the generated light circle appears on the illuminated object. An important factor here is also the distance between the light source and the illuminated object.

To determine the FOV of your microscope, first examine the microscope itself. The microscope's eyepiece should be labeled with a sequence of numbers, such as 10x/22 or 30x/18. These numbers are the eyepiece magnification and the field number, respectively. Also, take note of the magnification of your objective lens at the bottom of the microscope, if applicable – generally 4, 10, 40 or 100 times.

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Flournoy, Blake. "How To Calculate The Field Of View In A Microscope" sciencing.com, https://www.sciencing.com/calculate-field-microscope-7603588/. 13 April 2018.

LED luminaires and illuminants have both omnidirectional and directional light sources. Omnidirectional spotlights emit their light evenly distributed in all directions. LED spotlights, on the other hand, are directional light sources. They emit their entire luminous flux in only one specific direction.

Besides the beam angle there is also the so-called field angle. In the light circle, the beam angle defines the area where the lamp radiates at least half (50%) of its maximum luminous intensity. The full luminous intensity (100%) is only achieved exactly in the center of the light circle.

The field angle defines the outer area in the light circle where the lamp radiates up to one tenth (10%) of its maximum luminous intensity. Even outside the field angle it is not completely dark, small parts of the luminous intensity are still emitted here as scattered light.

Basically, large beam angles of 90° or 120° are well suited for illuminating a room over a large area. Small beam angles of 15° to 35° are a good choice for decorative lighting.

The calculator helps you to calculate the exact beam angle for your scenario. Here you can calculate the direct relationship between the beam angle, diameter of the light circle and the distance to the illuminated object (floor, table, work surface, wall, picture).

A GU10 lamp with a 120° beam angle would probably be screened with a small opening of the lamp glass. The actual beam angle of that lamp would therefore be smaller and part of the brightness gets lost in the lamp glass.

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Knowing a compound light microscope's field of view (FOV) allows you to determine the approximate size of objects too small to measure with a standard ruler. To calculate field of view, you need to know the magnification and field number of the microscope's lens currently in use. Divide the field number by the magnification number to determine the diameter of your microscope's field of view.

The beam angle value sometimes seems to be a bit non-descriptive. Especially due to the influence of the distance between lamp and floor or wall, an estimation is quite difficult. The following formula and the calculator will help you to determine the best fitting beam angle.

Once you've taken note of the eyepiece magnification, field number and objective lens magnification number, if applicable, you can calculate your microscope's field of view by dividing the field number by the magnification number. For example, if the microscope's eyepiece reads 30x/18, then 18 ÷ 30 = 0.6, or an FOV diameter of 0.6 millimeters. If your microscope only uses an eyepiece, this is all you need to do, but if your microscope uses both an eyepiece and an objective lens, multiply the eyepiece magnification by the objective magnification to find the total magnification before dividing the field number. For example, if the eyepiece reads 10x/18, and the magnification of your objective lens is 40, multiply 10 and 40 to get 400. Then divide 18 by 400 to get an FOV diameter of 0.045 millimeters.

Whenever you change microscopes or switch eyepieces or objective lenses, remember to repeat the FOV calculations with the new field number and magnifications. When dealing with objects observed at higher magnifications, it may be useful to convert your measurements from millimeters to micrometers. To do so, multiply the FOV diameter in millimeters by 1,000 to convert the diameter to micrometers.

The beam angle indicates the angle at which the luminous flux  passes out of the LED spotlight. Depending on the distance between the lamp and the floor or the illuminated surface, this creates a light cone with a corresponding diameter.

FOV to mm calculator

Flournoy, Blake. How To Calculate The Field Of View In A Microscope last modified March 24, 2022. https://www.sciencing.com/calculate-field-microscope-7603588/

The beam angle is primarily interesting for directional light sources. These include LED spots or LED spotlights and GU10 illuminates. The beam angle should be chosen according to the location or use-case before purchasing the LED lamp. In the living area there are mainly these three lighting applications:

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Flournoy, Blake. (2018, April 13). How To Calculate The Field Of View In A Microscope. sciencing.com. Retrieved from https://www.sciencing.com/calculate-field-microscope-7603588/

Accent lighting is used to highlight certain areas in a room. This can be a sitting area or a colored wall. Here, the beam angle must be selected individually, depending on the size of the area to be emphasized.

Earlier halogen spotlights usually had a beam angle of 35°. LED spots were first available with similar beam angles in the range of 30°. With integrated prisms or diffuser lenses, modern LED spotlights are now available with beam angles from as little as 10° up to 120°.

Compound light microscopes are valuable tools in the lab. They magnify our ability to see in detail by up to 1,000 times, allowing us to study things as small as the nucleus of a cell. With them, we can determine the shape and structure of cells, observe the movements of microorganisms, and examine the smallest parts of plants, animals and fungi. Because the objects under a microscope's view are so small, it is often impossible to use a ruler to determine their size. However, calculating a microscope's field of view (FOV), the size of the area visible through the microscope, allows you to determine the approximate size of a specimen under examination.

If an LED spotlight is not far away from a wall for example, only a small dotted light circle will be visible. But if you take the spotlight back from the wall, the light circuit becomes larger and larger.

Decorative lighting is often used to highlight certain objects in a room. This can be an art object or a picture. Also here the beam angle depends on the diameter of the object and the distance to the light source.

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There is also a direct correlation between the beam angle and the brightness of an LED lamp. The brightness of LED lamps is given in lumens . If we compare two LED spots with an identical light output of 600 lumens, according to the data sheet they seem to have the same brightness.

With the help of the following trigonometric function (angle function) you can calculate the beam angle yourself with all parameters.

However, if both spotlights have different beam angles, let’s say 15° and 60°, this puts the perceived brightness into perspective. The spotlight with a beam angle of 60° must illuminate a much larger area with the same light output as the 15° spotlight.

The beam angle has a direct influence on how large the produced light cone appears in the room. You can find the mathematical relationship between beam angle, distance and diameter below:

The beam angle of LED luminaires and illuminants determines how large the light cone appears in your room. Here you can find out what the bream angle in degrees means and what you should pay attention to when choosing a directional LED light. You will also find a tool to calculate the optimum beam angle for your use case.

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A beam angle of 120° is a good choice for the basic lighting of a room. For corridors and pathways within a room, a beam angle of 90° is more recommended.

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The beam angle of an LED spot determines the diameter of the generated light circle on the illuminated surface or object. The ideal beam angle usually depends very individually on the place of use of the lamp and on your individual use-case. This can be determined very well with the beam angle calculator.

LED spots are available in different variants, for example for ceiling installation or surface mounting. These are offered with many different beam angles. The angle should be selected according to the application as described above.

For this reason, the illuminated surface appears larger but also much darker. This is why you always have to choose the beam angle in conjunction with the desired brightness on the surface you want to illuminate.

GU10 LED illuminants are also available with different beam angles. Here not only the beam angle of the illuminant plays a role. The type of the luminaire or the lamp glass where the GU10 lamp is used is also important.

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The table gives you an overview of the diameter of the light circle with different beam angles and a ceiling height of 8 feet. For a calculation with your own individual values you can use the online calculator .