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The standard compound light microscope has 3 objective lenses to provide different magnification powers, resolving abilities, and fields of view to visualize specimens in increasing detail.
Phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy require specialized objectives with matched condenser optics to image transparent specimens. These are often incorporated as a fourth objective or replace one of the standard ones.
While the basic 3 objective arrangement still dominates today, some microscopes incorporate additional objectives or special enhancements for increased performance and capabilities.
The set of 3 objective lenses on most compound microscopes elegantly fulfills the range of observational needs in microscopy, from scanning the big picture to examining the most minute details. Their differing optical properties and fields of view provide efficient and flexible viewing capabilities not possible with a single objective lens. The specific numbers and powers may be tailored for particular applications, but the core triad arrangement remains ubiquitous out of logical necessity.
Avantier’s lens manufacturing process is a cornerstone of precision and innovation in the optical industry, combining advanced technology with decades of expertise. Serving a diverse array of sectors—from Aerospace & Defense to Medical and Life Sciences—our process is meticulously designed to deliver high-performance lenses tailored to meet the demanding standards of each field. Every step, from initial milling and grinding to precise polishing and coating, is carried out with exacting attention to detail, ensuring each lens meets stringent quality standards for clarity, durability, and optical accuracy.
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Our milling and grinding process consistently upholds a superior level of product quality by achieving precise shapes, tight tolerances, and smooth surface finishes in accordance with rigorous standards. The automated procedures effectively minimize defects, thereby enhancing overall product quality. This ensures the production of optical components tailored for applications where precision is of utmost importance in the field of optics.
Having a continuum of magnifications allows the microscope to accommodate samples of vastly different sizes from whole insect bodies down to single cells. A single high-power objective cannot cover this entire range.
The level of microscope magnification depends on the optical properties of both the ocular and objective lenses. The ocular lens magnifies the primary image 10x. The objectives provide progressively higher magnifying power of 4x, 10x, 40x, and sometimes 100x.
The provision of 3 objective lenses with differing optical properties confers important complementary advantages that enhance the microscopy user experience and workflow efficiency.
Lenses with lower power and larger fields of view can have optics optimized for brightness whereas high magnification lenses with narrow fields are optimized for resolution at the expense of brightness.
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A question commonly asked about compound microscopes is: What’s the purpose of having 3 objective lenses attached to it? The answer is quite simple.
Contact us to embark on your next optical journey with Avantier. We eagerly anticipate the opportunity to partner with you and deliver the highest-quality optical components for your needs.
Avantier is your one-stop solution for comprehensive optical design and manufacturing across various industries, including Aerospace and Defense, AR/MR/VR, Biomedical, Life Science, Medical, and beyond.
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Some microscopes include extra low power 1x or 2x objectives for an even wider field of view to help orient the largest samples. These have become more common on inverted microscopes.
Experience precision redefined with Q-flex 300 MRF™ Polishing Machine. Its dynamic adaptability, rapid size adjustments, and versatile optimization capabilities make it the ultimate choice for achieving unparalleled results in optical polishing. From challenging spheres to intricate freeform optics, elevate your polishing game with Avantier’s cutting-edge innovation.
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Higher magnification requires higher resolution to realize the full benefit. The higher-powered objectives have correspondingly greater resolving power to take advantage of the increased magnification whereas the lower-power lenses have comparatively less resolution which is ample for their magnification level.
The compound light microscope is an indispensable tool used ubiquitously in science disciplines to visualize small objects in fine detail. Unlike simple magnifying glasses, the compound microscope uses two lens systems to enlarge specimens up to 1000x their actual size.
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Our in-house Satisloh SPS-200 efficiently polishes spheres, aspheres, and freeform surfaces (5-200 mm). This versatile machine handles optical surfaces like cylinders and toroids. With advanced features like Synchrospeed, Variospeed modes, and ADAPT technology, it ensures precision in producing customer aspheres and freeform optics.
High-performance objectives may have adjustable correction collars to optimize the optical correction for viewing specimen slides with different coverslip thicknesses, allowing the best possible image.
Avantier’s in-house KERN EVO CNC machining center is the epitome of optimal productivity. With rapid acceleration, high feed rates, and spindle speeds of up to 50,000 RPM, it guarantees unparalleled precision and delivers outstanding surface finishes for lenses, mirrors, filters, and windows.
The range of magnifications enables users to choose the appropriate level for their particular application, whether surveying tissue architecture or examining subcellular organelles. No single objective lens can provide optimal performance across this wide range of viewing needs.
Our lens grinding and polishing process is a multi-step journey towards perfection. It commences with manual abrasive rough grinding, followed by high-speed fine grinding for meticulous shaping and smoothing. We conduct regular thickness checks to maintain defined tolerances. Traditional pitch precision polishing and CAD/CAM-integrated high-speed precision polishing ensure exceptional surface accuracy and reduced irregularities. Every lens is meticulously inspected using our in-house metrology tools, such as interferometers, spectrophotometers, and micrometers, guaranteeing precision, optimal performance, and top-notch quality.
Certain instruments are designed to accommodate additional high-power 60x or 100x objective lenses when extremely high magnification and resolution are critical, such as for cytology or microbiology applications.
Avantier specializes in the process that involves applying thin films to optical components, enhancing light transmission, modifying reflection, or manipulating polarization. These coatings come in various types, including filter, beam splitter, high-reflective, low-reflective, and anti-reflection coatings, each serving distinct purposes. Cutting-edge technologies like IAD E-Beam, IBS, PARMS, and APS are employed in the production of these coatings.
The 40x or 100x high power objective produces the highest magnification and resolution to reveal subcellular structures and other intricate details not discernable with the lower powered lenses but has an extremely narrow field of view. It is used for critical inspection of key areas after initial surveys with lower-powered objectives.
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The multiple objectives with parcentered optics allow users to quickly switch between lenses and magnifications to obtain just the right view. This facilitates efficient and intuitive workflows.
The major components of a compound microscope are the ocular lens in the eyepiece, the objective turret housing multiple objective lenses, the condenser lens below the stage, the illumination system, and the mechanical arm. Each part plays a critical optical or functional role.
The lowest magnification objective is typically a 4x or 10x lens. Its primary purpose is to provide a wide field of view of the overall specimen on the slide for initial orientation and scanning. The low magnification reduces aberrations from optical imperfections.
The 10x or 20x medium power objective delivers comfortable viewing magnification and reasonably high resolution to see some finer details in the context of the larger specimen structure. It is commonly used for routine examination, counting cells, measuring proportions, and making sketches.
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Proper illumination from below is vital for viewing clarity. The maximum resolution or resolving power is limited by the wavelength of light and optics. Higher quality objectives provide greater usable resolution to see fine details.
Avantier introduces the Nanotech 250 UPL, a compact ultra-precision CNC diamond turning lathe. This state-of-the-art machine excels in achieving exceptional precision, superior surface quality, and intricate geometries for optical components. This significantly reduces the need for post-processing, saving both time and resources.
At Avantier, we kickstart our lens manufacturing journey with the cutting-edge Sidai SPCM-M1. This cutting system allows us to monitor infeed speeds with unparalleled precision, resulting in flawless lens diameters and bevels. The integration of automated cycles, including robot-assisted loading and unloading, guarantees precise lens centering and beveling. Our commitment to automated precision machining and rigorous quality control ensures consistent production of high-quality optical components, optimizing operational efficiency.
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Practically, low magnification facilitates efficient scanning of the overall specimen to find areas of interest to study further, saving significant time compared to searching blindly at high power. It provides necessary contextual orientation.
The standard compound microscope contains 3 objective lenses with different powers, resolutions, and fields of view to provide a tiered viewing experience.
Our lenses go through a thorough immersion and ultrasonic cleaning process. Our expert technicians immerse and rinse the optics repeatedly in solvent until they are pristine. Ultrasonic cleaning ensures efficient and non-destructive removal of contaminants, maintaining optical component cleanliness and performance throughout the manufacturing process.
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