Plastic optical fibers are commonly used for low-speed, short-distance (up to 100 meters) applications in digital home appliances, home networks, industrial networks, and car networks. It plays an important role in the data transmission of military communication networks and multimedia equipment.

One of the main differences is the composition of the wire: Glass optical fibers are made of pure glass, while plastic optical fibers are made of plastic polymers. The difference in composition affects some properties of the two types of fiber.

Glass fibers require more difficult and delicate handling and the tools and equipment for fiber termination are often expensive. While being well mechanically protected, glass optical fibers have a higher information transmission capacity and lower loss. Moreover, glass optical fibers are optimized for small spaces and small targets. They can be used with both visible red and infrared light and are compatible with a long list of fiber heads.

The optical performance of an objective is dependent largely on the optical aberration correction, and these corrections are also central to image quality and measurement accuracy. Objective lenses are classified as achromat, plan achromat, plan semi apochromat, plan apochromat, and super apochromat depending on the degree of correction.

(1) Installation requires well-trained technicians, and the tools and equipment for fiber termination are usually expensive.

The working distance of a microscope is defined as the free distance between the objective lens and the object being studied. Low magnification objective lenses have a long working distance.

What are the objective lenses on a microscopegive

(4) It is safe to install in the house, and the plastic optical fiber uses harmless green or red light that is easy to see with the naked eye.

Plastic Optical Fiber (Polymer Optical Fiber or POF), is an optical fiber made of plastic. Typically consists of acrylic (PMMA) as the core (96% of the fiber cross-section, 1 mm diameter) to aid in light transmission and a fluorinated polymer as the cladding material. Plastic fibers use harmless green or red light that is easily visible to the naked eye. Plastic fibers are safe to install around the home and pose no risk to curious children. But today, high-performance plastic fibers based on perfluorinated polymers are more used.

Glass optical fibers consist of a pure glass (SiO 2 ) core and a less pure glass or plastic cladding. As a fragile fiber, it cannot be cut, spliced, or repaired, and it is less flexible and less resistant to accidental breakage. Glass fiber optic cables are extremely versatile and robust, and are available in a variety of configurations, end fittings, and adapter types. Ideal for harsh environments, it functions even when subjected to mechanical stress, high temperatures, or chemicals.

Most microscopes rely on background illumination such as daylight or a lightbulb rather than a dedicated light source. In brightfield illumination (also known as Koehler illumination), two convex lenses, a collector lens and a condenser lens,  are placed so as to saturate the specimen with external light admitted into the microscope from behind. This provides a bright, even, steady light throughout the system.

An microscope objective  may be either reflective or refractive. It may also be either finite conjugate or infinite conjugate.

The field of view (FOV) of a microscope is simply the area of the object that can be imaged at any given time. For an infinity-corrected objective, this will be determined by the objective magnification and focal length of the tube lens. Where a camera is used the FOV  also depends on sensor size.

While a magnifying glass consists of just one lens element and can magnify any element placed within its focal length, a compound lens, by definition, contains multiple lens elements. A relay lens system is used to convey the image of the object to the eye or, in some cases, to camera and video sensors.

Low powerobjective microscopefunction

There are two major specifications for a microscope: the magnification power and the resolution. The magnification tells us how much larger the image is made to appear. The resolution tells us how far away two points must be to  be distinguishable. The smaller the resolution, the larger the resolving power of the microscope. The highest resolution you can get with a light microscope is 0.2 microns (0.2 microns), but this depends on the quality of both the objective and eyepiece.

(3) Ability to use photoelectric sensors in areas where photoelectric sensors cannot normally be used. With this advantage, sensors with various housings, mounting styles and functions can be selected for specific applications.

While most microscope objectives are designed to work with air between the objective and cover glass, objectives lenses designed for higher NA and greater magnification sometimes use an alternate immersion medium. For instance, a typical oil immersion object is meant to be used with an oil with refractive index of 1.51.

Although today’s microscopes are usually far more powerful than the microscopes used historically, they are used for much the same purpose: viewing objects that would otherwise be indiscernible to the human eye.  Here we’ll start with a basic compound microscope and go on to explore the components and function of larger more complex microscopes. We’ll also take an in-depth look at one of the key parts of a microscope, the objective lens.

In modern microscopes, neither the eyepiece nor the microscope objective is a simple lens. Instead, a combination of carefully chosen optical components work together to create a high quality magnified image. A basic compound microscope can magnify up to about 1000x. If you need higher magnification, you may wish to use an electron microscope, which can magnify up to a million times.

The eyepiece or ocular lens is the part of the microscope closest to your eye when you bend over to look at a specimen. An eyepiece usually consists of two lenses: a field lens and an eye lens. If a larger field of view is required, a more complex eyepiece  that increases the field of view can be used instead.

What are the objective lenses on a microscopeclass

Historically microscopes were simple devices composed of two elements. Like a magnifying glass today, they produced a larger image of an object placed within the field of view. Today, microscopes are usually complex assemblies that include an array of lenses, filters, polarizers, and beamsplitters. Illumination is arranged to provide enough light for a clear image, and sensors are used to ‘see’ the object.

(2) Glass optical fiber can be used for long sensing distances because the glass core can transmit a wider spectrum and fast transmission speed.

A basic compound microscope could consist of just two elements acting in relay, the objective and the eyepiece. The objective relays a real image to the eyepiece, while magnifying that image anywhere from 4-100x.  The eyepiece magnifies the real image received typically by another 10x, and conveys a virtual image to the sensor.

High powerobjective microscopefunction

(1) Low cost of constituent materials and less complicated manufacture of POF, and installation cost of related components is also not high.

A basic achromatic objective is a refractive objective that consists of just an achromatic lens and a meniscus lens, mounted within appropriate housing. The design is meant to limit the effects of chromatic and spherical aberration  as they bring two wavelengths of light to focus in the same plane. Plan Apochromat objectives can be much more complex with up to fifteen elements. They can be quite expensive, as would be expected from their complexity.

A microscope is an optical device designed to magnify the image of an object, enabling details indiscernible to the human eye to be differentiated. A microscope may project the image onto the human eye or onto a camera or video device.

(1) It can be used in high-temperature places such as furnaces, ovens, and condensers in large engines, and can also be used in extremely low-temperature areas such as cold storage.

At Avantier we produce high quality microscope objectives lenses, ocular lenses, and other imaging systems. We are also able to provide custom designed optical lenses as needed. Chromatic focus shift, working distance, image quality, lens mount, field of view, and antireflective coatings are just a few of the parameters we can work with to create an ideal objective for your application. Contact us today to learn more about how we can help you meet your goals.

Types ofobjective lenses

In recent years, major changes have taken place in the field of telecommunications. Fiber optics are steadily replacing copper wires as the proper means of signal transmission and have the unique advantage of transmitting high-speed data over long distances. Various optical devices are credited to this communication development, with fiber optic cables leading the way. Widely used in telecommunications and computer networks. Optical fibers are flexible, transparent fibers drawn from glass (silicon dioxide) or plastic into diameters slightly thicker than human hair. Plastic optical fiber vs. glass optical fiber: Which is preferable?

(2) The core diameter of the glass fiber is very small, so the technical requirements for coupling light into the core area (such as the light source) are relatively high.

Microscope objective lenses are typically the most complex part of a microscope.  Most microscopes will have three or four objectives lenses, mounted on a turntable for ease of use. A scanning objective lens will provide 4x magnification,  a low power magnification lens will provide magnification of 10x, and a high power objective offers 40x magnification. For high magnification, you will need to use oil immersion objectives. These can provide up to 50x, 60x, or 100x magnification and increase the resolving power of the microscope, but they cannot be used on live specimens.

Numerical aperture NA denotes the light acceptance angle. Where θ is the maximum 1/2 acceptance ray angle of the objective and n is the index of refraction of the immersive medium, the NA can be denoted by

Objective lenses microscopefunction

There are some important specifications and terminology you’ll want to be aware of when designing a microscope or ordering microscope objectives. Here is a list of key terminology.

Refractive objectives are so-called because the elements bend or refract light as it passes through the system. They are well suited to machine vision applications, as they can provide high resolution imaging of very small objects or ultra fine details. Each element within a refractive element is typically coated with an anti-reflective coating.

Objectivelens magnification

A reflective objective works by reflecting light rather than bending it. Primary and secondary mirror systems both magnify and relay the image of the object being studied. While reflective objectives are not as widely used as refractive objectives, they offer many benefits. They can work deeper in the UV or IR spectral regions, and they are not plagued with the same aberrations as refractive objectives. As a result, they tend to offer better resolving power.

Glass fiber optic cables can be applied for longer-distance transmission at higher speeds in office networks. What’s more, they are adept to hostile conditions, and more durable than their plastic counterparts.

As fiber optic technology continues to become more flexible and less expensive, plastic fiber optics are often more cost-effective than glass fiber optic cables. As transmission media, both glass and plastic optical fibers are used for high-speed data transmission. Whether it is plastic optical fiber or glass optical fiber, you need to distinguish before choosing, and then choose the optical fiber that best suits your network needs. If you need fiber optic products, feel free to drop us a note or book some time via sales@holightoptic.com.

Both the objective lens and the eyepiece also contribute to the overall magnification of the system. If an objective lens magnifies the object by 10x and the eyepiece by 2x, the microscope will magnify the object by 20. If the microscope lens magnifies the object by 10x and the eyepiece by 10x, the microscope will magnify the object by 100x. This multiplicative relationship is the key to the power of microscopes, and the prime reason they perform so much better than simply magnifying glasses.

The main applications of glass fibers are communication, sensors and measurement systems. High transmission rates and low dissipation factors make them ideal for long-distance, high-speed communication applications. They are also ideal if used in corrosive environments or extreme temperatures.

The parfocal length of a microscope is defined as the distance between the object being studied and the objective mounting plane.

An important difference is resistance: Plastic optical fibers are more durable because glass is a more sensitive and less resistive material than plastic. So it is more suitable for use in bellows and domestic installations, where the fiber is more prone to breakage.

What are the objective lenses on a microscopeanswer

(2) POF cannot withstand extreme temperatures like glass optical fibers and is prone to degradation/yellowing over time.

These characteristics of plastic fiber make it the first choice for more lighting and decorative applications. Due to the flexibility and vibration resistance of plastic fibers, they are also well-suited for automotive and industrial lighting applications. Although the narrow spectrum of transmitted light is listed as a disadvantage, it is actually an advantage for medical instruments. Plastic optical fibers are often used to illuminate the interior of the body during surgery because certain wavelengths other than visible light are harmful and cannot exist. Listed as our Industrial Control Plastic Optical Fiber:

Plastic optical fiber components are simpler, cheaper, and have greater flexibility and resistance to bending, shock, and vibration. In addition, it is lighter in weight than glass fiber optics. Plastic optical fibers require no special tools or techniques to handle and require no training in operation or installation. Just cut it with scissors, plug it in and that’s it. This is what makes plastic optical fiber a low-cost alternative to glass fiber or copper at medium distances and bit rates of 10 Gbps.