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Editor’s Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal.

Feature papers are submitted upon individual invitation or recommendation by the scientific editors and must receive positive feedback from the reviewers.

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The term infrared (IR) optical coating refers to the coating procedure for light in the infrared spectrum, from 740 and beyond 25000 nm wavelength. Applications include high-power lasers, thermal cameras, and airborne imagers.

In the case of HR coatings, they are increasing reflectivity where it is needed. For that reason, highly reflective coatings have extensive application potential in products that are sensitive to heat damage. Among many applications of reflective coatings are beam splitters, which create mirror surfaces that reflect infrared radiation back to their sources.

Masood F, Nor NBM, Nallagownden P, Elamvazuthi I, Saidur R, Alam MA, Akhter J, Yusuf M, Mehmood M, Ali M. A Review of Recent Developments and Applications of Compound Parabolic Concentrator-Based Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal Collectors. Sustainability. 2022; 14(9):5529. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095529

Masood F, Nor NBM, Nallagownden P, Elamvazuthi I, Saidur R, Alam MA, Akhter J, Yusuf M, Mehmood M, Ali M. A Review of Recent Developments and Applications of Compound Parabolic Concentrator-Based Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal Collectors. Sustainability. 2022; 14(9):5529. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095529

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For example, testing laser line filter transmittance, increasing solar cells’ lifespan, measuring and monitoring lighting reflectors, motion detectors, or telecommunications systems are just some of the applications of optical coatings that have been developed for several industries.

An optical coating consists of thin layers of various materials on the surface of an optical component like a window or lens. Optical coatings work in a limited wavelength range by reflecting a fraction (R) of incident light while transmitting the rest (1-R). The purpose of coatings is to protect the surfaces of optical components or to improve their properties.

High reflective coating

The application of AR coating reduces surface reflections by increasing light transmission. Various applications, including display panels, solar cells, and optical lenses, incorporate antireflection coatings due to reduced reflection.

Masood, F.; Nor, N.B.M.; Nallagownden, P.; Elamvazuthi, I.; Saidur, R.; Alam, M.A.; Akhter, J.; Yusuf, M.; Mehmood, M.; Ali, M. A Review of Recent Developments and Applications of Compound Parabolic Concentrator-Based Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal Collectors. Sustainability 2022, 14, 5529. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095529

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Ar coating

In the IR spectral range, many different molecules have very strong absorption properties. High-speed, high-resolution, and ultrasensitive IR spectrometers are the best option for measuring optical film thickness and measuring the uniformity of film thickness across coated surfaces.

Masood, Faisal, Nursyarizal Bin Mohd Nor, Perumal Nallagownden, Irraivan Elamvazuthi, Rahman Saidur, Mohammad Azad Alam, Javed Akhter, Mohammad Yusuf, Mubbashar Mehmood, and Mujahid Ali. 2022. "A Review of Recent Developments and Applications of Compound Parabolic Concentrator-Based Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal Collectors" Sustainability 14, no. 9: 5529. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095529

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The quality, performance, and effectiveness of optical coatings are influenced by the uniformity and thickness of the material. In IR coating materials, spectral transmission and chemical composition differ. A material that is used for IR radiation is less mechanically durable than one that is used for shorter wavelengths, or visible light. In terms of chemical composition, the materials vary widely. In order to achieve the necessary durability and functionality of thin film coatings, the arrangement, type, and ratio of atoms in molecules of chemical substances must be measured and evaluated in depth.

Optical coating process

Coatings are manufactured by depositing thin layers of alternating materials in a well-controlled vacuum environment. Vacuum deposition can be achieved by vaporizing a solid or liquid coating material in vacuum. In the process of vaporization, atoms or molecules are deposited on the surface of the optical component that needs to be coated.

A 30 W globar was used as the light source for these transmission measurements of coated optical windows: a Ge bandpass filter (BPF) for 3.7 – 4.5 µm and a YAG mirror coated with high reflection at 1064 nm and high transmission at 2.1 -4.5 µm. The S2050-400 spectrometer was set to 20 ms exposure time and captured just single shots. No averaging or smoothing has been applied to the data subsequently.

Anti reflection coating

Abstract: The concentrating photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) collectors offer the benefits of the reduced per-unit price of electrical energy and co-generation of electrical and thermal energies by intensifying the solar irradiation falling on the hybrid receiving plane. The compound parabolic concentrating (CPC) collectors have appeared as a promising candidate for numerous applications in the field of solar energy due to their ability to collect both direct and diffuse solar radiation and suitability for stationary installation. Over the last few decades, various configurations of CPC collectors have been proposed and investigated by different researchers for the simultaneous generation of electrical and thermal energies. This article presents a comprehensive review of historical and recent developments and applications of CPC-based hybrid PVT systems. The review focuses on the heat extraction mechanisms and commonly used application areas of CPC-PVT systems. The innovative design configurations proposed by different researchers have been reviewed in detail. The outputs of CPC-PVT systems are generally found to be superior to their counterparts without CPCs, which justifies their increased popularity. Due to dual outputs, the hybrid CPC-PVT systems are considered to be suitable for rooftop and building façade integrated applications. Finally, future recommendations have been enlisted, highlighting the potential research opportunities and challenges for the prospective researchers working in the field of concentrating solar PVT systems. Keywords: concentration ratio; acceptance half-angle; optical efficiency; building integrated concentrating photovoltaic/thermal; air heating collectors

840-073600 Extended Range InGaAs Detector for Near Infrared applications. Requires a CaF2 or Extended Range Beam splitter, and tungsten light source.

Anti-reflective (AR) and high-reflective (HR) coatings are two types of coatings used in optical systems across most wavelength bands.

NLIR’s spectrometer 2.0-5.0 μm combines speed, high sensitivity, and high resolution providing innovative revolutionary solutions in IR coating quality control and production monitoring.

Fast and accurate optical measurements are needed to achieve depth coating analysis during the production process. The most common measurement tool used for spectral optical testing is a spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometers with high accuracy, speed, and resolution are ideal for measuring the transmission, reflection, scattering, and absorption of light on optical coatings.

Masood, F.; Nor, N.B.M.; Nallagownden, P.; Elamvazuthi, I.; Saidur, R.; Alam, M.A.; Akhter, J.; Yusuf, M.; Mehmood, M.; Ali, M. A Review of Recent Developments and Applications of Compound Parabolic Concentrator-Based Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal Collectors. Sustainability 2022, 14, 5529. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095529

Masood, Faisal, Nursyarizal Bin Mohd Nor, Perumal Nallagownden, Irraivan Elamvazuthi, Rahman Saidur, Mohammad Azad Alam, Javed Akhter, Mohammad Yusuf, Mubbashar Mehmood, and Mujahid Ali. 2022. "A Review of Recent Developments and Applications of Compound Parabolic Concentrator-Based Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal Collectors" Sustainability 14, no. 9: 5529. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095529

Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications.