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In everyday language the Field of View of Field of Vision, abbreviated as FOV, refers to that area which is visible through any optical instrument, which could be the human eye or a lens. This definition can be applied to the CCTV parlance and FOV can be defined as the width or height of a scene to be monitored by the security camera.  In CCTV Field of View depends on a number of factors such as the sensor format, the focal length of a lens, and the distance from the objects.

FOV to focal length

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One may employ a combination of cameras, for example one for visible light (with 3 or 4 channels) and one or more infrared cameras. Each of the cameras may be equipped with bandpass filters for limiting the sensitivity to a certain spectral region. Each optical system can then be optimized for the relevant spectral region, and less specialized image sensors are required. Disadvantages are that one requires multiple camera objectives and needs to ensure good spatial overlap of the obtained images (which is most difficult for near objects).

The principle of line scanning is often used with instruments in moving objects such as airplanes and satellites; it is sufficient to subsequently make recordings for one line perpendicular to the flight direction, and to assemble those to obtain complete images, which can cover large elongated areas. Similarly, stationary scanning instruments are used for inspecting objects on conveyor belts in industrial factories.

fov参数

For example for Hikvision DS-2CD2622FWD-I(Z)(S) the manufacturer has the following angle range specified: from 35 to 106 degrees. Ordinary lens calculators will give a wrong angle range, most likely: from 24 to 85 degrees.

It is very important to use the right lens for desired field of view; otherwise the images on security cameras will not be satisfactory. CCTV security camera lens with fixed focal length are less expensive and give smaller distortions but do not offer flexibility in terms of  field of view choices.

One can also employ the principle of scanning imagers, which is most often realized for hyperspectral imaging. The most common method is to select only image information along a line, using an optical slit in an image plane, and to disperse the different wavelength components in the direction perpendicular to that line. A complete image needs to be assembled by combining recordings for different orientations of the camera, the slit or the object. One may not necessarily assign one spectral bin to each pixel in the direction of spectral dispersion, but combine multiple pixel according to the required spectral channels.

Viewangle

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Here is the new 3D Online Lens Calculator with a built-in camera database. As a better alternative you can use IP Video System Design Tool, our professional CCTV design software. With that tool you can load a site map, add multiple cameras and see how modification of any installation parameter can affect the camera coverage.

fov和焦距的关系

Multispectral imaging means methods for spectral imaging where one obtains images corresponding to at least a couple of spectral channels – sometimes more than ten. The used spectral regions are often at least partially outside the visible spectral range, covering parts of the infrared and ultraviolet region. For example, a multi-spectral imager may provide wavelength channels for near-UV, red, green, blue, near-infrared, mid-infrared and far-infrared light – sometimes even thermal radiation (→ thermal imaging).

In principle, one might also consider color photography as means for multispectral imaging, but multispectral imagers typically offer non-overlapping wavelength channels, and also typically more than three channels.

One may alternatively use point scanning, which has the advantage that one can use a simple kind of spectrometer, for example an acousto-optic tunable filter. However, this leads to tentatively longer acquisition times and stronger motion artifacts.

FOV to focal length calculator

Field of view

For a limited number of wavelength channels (e.g. 5 or 8), one may use a kind of image sensor which for each pixel has multiple photodetectors, one for each wavelength channel – similar to an RGB sensor as used in a photo camera. While this operation principle leads to a simple optical setup, it has some limitations:

A mixed approach is to use common optics for all wavelengths, but to separate the different wavelengths channels before sending the light to several image sensors.

While some multispectral imaging devices (also called multispectral cameras) are used on space satellites and airplanes (see below), there are also hand-held devices as well as imaging devices installed in industrial settings, for example.

Few years ago most of camera manufactures used camera lenses with normal lens and viewing angles for such lens could be calculated using usual ArcTan() formula.

field ofview中文

Camera Field of View on 2D site plan (different colors represent camera zones with different pixel density): Calculating Field of View for cameras on the imported site map or floor plan.

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fov是什么

The only way to calculate the horizontal angle or field of view is to use manufacturer’s data and therefore tools with database of camera models, like IP Video System Design Tool show the correct result:

One can realize spectral scanning by adding a multispectral wheel to a conventional camera with a broadband response. Such a wheel contains multiple optical bandpass filters for selecting different wavelength regions. The wheel may be continuously rotating, or alternatively one may randomly select one filter at a time with computer control. This technical approach has the advantage that one can easily choose from a variety of filters, depending on the specific application.

Also for a proper lens selection you should consider both camera installation height and object height. Without taking all these parameters in the picture, the calculation error can exceed 30%.

Built-in camera FOV calculator displays the range of viewing angles for the selected wide angle camera with variofocal lens.

Avoid using commonly available online lens calculators because modern wide-angle cameras have non-standard wide angles (like 110 degrees instead of 85 degrees calculated by outdated Field of View calculators), and only a FOV calculator with a built-in database of camera models can show correct angles and calculate FOV precisely.