Electric polarization | Definition, Units, Example, & Facts - polarization meaning physics
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ°ï¼ï¼ã¯åãã®ä¾ã®ããã«åè²é¢æ³¢åçå ãå®ãããã®ã§ãããéæ£å¸¸å ¥å°è§ãå³ã¡ï½0 â ï¼ãå«ãããå ãã«å¤å½¢ããããæ°ï¼ï¼ã®å ¨ä½å¹³åã¯æ°ï¼ï¼ã®ããã«ãªããExpression 27 defines the monochromatic surface wave reproduction light as in the first example, and is slightly modified to include an abnormal incident angle, that is, s 0 â 0. The overall average of equation 27 is as shown in equation 28 .
There are beam collimators specifically optimized for use with optical fibers. Some can be attached to bare fiber ends, while others can be used with fiber ...
*Please Note: When PM fiber is used, the insertion loss will increase to >1.0 dB. For mating PM fiber, we recommend using our PM fiber mating sleeves sold below.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ãä½ãããã«ã¯ï¼ã¤ã®å·¥ç¨ãå¿ è¦ã§ããã第ï¼ã®ã¹ãããã¯ã¹ããã¯ã«ãè¨é²ãããã¨ã§ããã第ï¼ã®ã¹ãããã¯æ¡æ£å ãæå°ãããã¨ã§ãããæ¬çºæã®å¥½ã¾ãã宿½ä¾ã«ããã¦ã¯ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãå ãæå°ãããæ¢ç¥ã®è§åº¦ãµã¤ãºã®åãæãããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ãæ¡ç¨ãã¦ã¹ããã¯ã«ãè¨é²ããããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åããã®æ¡æ£å ã¯æ¬¡ãã§ä½ç©ããã°ã©ã ã®ãããªè¨é² åªä½ä¸ã«è¨é²ãããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã«ãã£ã¦ä½ãããåã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºã¨å½¢ç¶ãè¨é²ãããæ´ã«ä½ç©ããã°ã©ã å ã«è¨é²ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã«ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ããªåã¯ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãã§ãªãå ãæå°ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ãåçããææã®ãµã¤ãºåã³å½¢ç¶ã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ãä½ããTwo steps are required to make a speckle pattern. The first step is to record speckles and the second step is to project diffused light. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, speckle is recorded using a mask diffuser with holes of known angular size onto which coherent light is projected. The diffused light from the mask diffuser hole is then recorded as a volume hologram. Record on the medium and record the size and shape of each speckle created by the mask diffuser holes. Further, the speckle pattern is reproduced by projecting coherent or non-coherent light on the speckle recorded in the volume hologram, and the speckle pattern having a desired size and shape is created.
Luminitdiffuser
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã§ã¯ãç°ãªã屿çãæããææå ã®é åéã§æ¥ã«å¤åããå¢çãæããªãæé©åãããGRINã¬ã³ãºã®ããã«ä½ç¨ããæ¡æ£ä½å ã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®è¨é²ã«åºå ãã¦å䏿¡æ£ä½å ã«ç¡æ°ã®ç°ãªã屿çãå®è³ªä¸çãããæ¬çºææ¹ æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã¯ç¹æ§ä¸ç´ç²ä½ç¸ã§ãããå¾ã£ã¦æå°å ãå¸ååã¯åå°ãããã¨ãªãããããéãå ãç·ã¦æ¡æ£ãããThe volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention behaves like an optimized GRIN lens with no abrupt boundaries between regions in the material having different refractive indices, allowing speckle in the diffuser to Due to the recording, a myriad of different indices of refraction occur in the same diffuser. The present invention how Volumetric holographic diffusers by the method are purely phase in nature and therefore diffuse all of the light that passes through them without absorbing or reflecting the projected light.
Thorlabs' ADAST Mating Sleeve connects two ST/PC-terminated fiber optic cables. A washer and 3/8"-24 UNF-2A threaded nut are included for panel mounting. Our CAPT1 Metal Cap, sold separately, protects the exposed end of the mating sleeve.
Thorlabs Ferrule Mating Sleeves are designed for use with any terminated fiber with a Ø2.5 mm ferrule, such as FC/PC, ST®*/PC, or SC/PC connectors, or with a Ø1.25 mm ferrule, such as LC/PC or MU/PC connectors. These split sleeves can be used to create a temporary, quick-release connection between two cables, as shown in the photo to the right. They are compatible with both ceramic and stainless steel ferrule connectors. They are also compatible with our optogenetics fiber optic cannulae, optogenetics patch cables, and empty ceramic ferrules.
The A-mode (Aperture Priority mode) is a mode that allows you to set the f-number the way you want. In this mode, the camera automatically sets the shutter ...
To see, or use, spoons in a dream, denotes favorable signs of advancement. Domestic affairs will afford contentment.To think a spoon is lost, denotes that you ...
These L-brackets contain one or two 1/4" (M6) through holes for easy mounting to a post, optical table, or breadboard. All L-brackets feature 4-40 tap(s) to secure a CAPF1 Metal Cap, available for purchase separately. Single versions include one CAPF1 Metal Cap, while dual versions include two.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ãå¤è²éé¢å ã«ãã£ã¦ç §å°ãããæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã« ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®ä¸éèªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 22 shows the method of the present invention illuminated by polychromatic non-surface light FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a triple autocorrelation function of the volume holographic diffuser according to FIG.
Tecnologie no-dig per la sostenibilità economica – ambientale – sociale · Un esempio concreto di sostenibilità con le tecnologie C.I.P.P. · Dario Sechi – Gruppo ...
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãã°ãããã³èãçµ±è¨å å¦ãã«ç¤ºãããã«åè»¢æ¡æ£ä½ã«ãã£ã¦æ¡æ£ãããå ã®ç¸äºå¹²æ¸æ§é¢æ°ã¯é度ãνï¼ï½ï½ï½ï¼ï½ã¨ãã¦æ°ï¼ï¼ãå¾ããAs shown in Goodman's "Statistical Optics", the mutual coherence function of the light diffused by the rotating diffuser obtains the equation 51 with the velocity ν and rms = a.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãå ¨ä½å¹³åï¼è¨å·ï¼ã¨ãï¼ã®éï¼ã¯ä¸è¦åãªå ´åãå ¨ä½ã®ç»ãã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ã«é¢å¿ãããå ´åã«æ¨å®çµ±è¨å¦çæ¹æ³ã¨ãã¦ãã°ãã°ç¨ããããã[0036] ( symbols during) the overall average is often used as the estimated statistical methods if you are interested in an irregular or if the whole image or images.
Mating SleevesOur mating sleeves connect any fiber cable terminated with industry-standard FC/PC, FC/APC, SMA, LC®/PC, SC/PC, and ST®*/PC connectors. All our mating sleeves properly align the cores of each terminated fiber end and minimize back reflections by bringing them into physical contact, with the exception of our SMA mating sleeves, which are air-spaced. Thorlabs also provides a selection of the mating sleeves sold on this page premounted in an L-bracket that provides mechanical compatibility with standard 1/4"-20 (M6) optomechanics.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¤ãå¦çåã³è¨é²ã®éã®æ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«ããã屿çï½ã®å¤èª¿ã®é²è¡èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 18D is a diagram illustrating the progress of the modulation of the refractive index n in the volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention during processing and recording.
Care and Proper UseIt is important that the fiber tips be clean to minimize connection losses and avoid damage to the connector. Except for our SMA mating sleeves, the fiber tips will be in physical contact within all of our mating sleeves. The use of our G608N3 Index Matching Gel (sold below) can also help to reduce losses at the fiber connection. Thorlabs offers a complete selection of inspection tools and cleaning supplies for optical fiber. For terminated fiber, our reusable fiber-to-fiber splicing products are useful for creating temporary connections. Fiber caps are also available for protecting the end face of the fiber.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãä¾ãã°ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼¨ï½ã®ç¹°ãè¿ã卿³¢æ°ã«å¯¾ãã¦å転åå¾ï½ï¼ï¼ï½ï¼ï¼¡ï½ï½ï½ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ã¨ããã°Î½ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼«ï¼¨ï½ã¨ãªããFor example, if the radius of gyration r = 1 m and Arms = 1 mm for a repetition frequency of 100 Hz, ν = 1. It becomes 00 KHz.
Thorlabs' ADAFC2 Wide-Key-Slot Mating Sleeve has a square flange with through holes for custom assemblies or our blank connection panels. The ADAFC1 Wide-Key-Slot Mating Sleeve is designed for the D-hole of a standard rack-mount panel, such as our fiber connection panels. To view a drawing with the recommended mounting hole pattern, click the Docs icon () below. These mating sleeves are compatible with either our square-flange or D-hole L-brackets sold below. The ADAFC2 is also available premounted in an L-bracket.
Thorlabs' PM Fiber Mating Sleeves have housings made from a single piece of metal, as opposed to the typical two-piece design. This precision construction provides the best possible matching of polarization axes, making them ideal for FC/PC- or FC/APC-terminated PM fibers. To ensure the best performance, choose the mating sleeve that matches your key width. All FC/PC and FC/APC patch cables manufactured by Thorlabs use narrow key connectors.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãç·é度ã¨åè»¢å¨æ³¢æ°éã®åºæ¬çé¢ä¿ã¨æ°ï¼ ï¼ã¨æ°ï¼ï¼ããæ°ï¼ï¼ãå¾ããããThe basic relationship between the linear velocity and the rotation frequency and the equation 4 From Equation 6 and Equation 47 , Equation 48 is obtained.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«è¨é²ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®å½¢ç¶ã¨ãµã¤ãºã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the shape and size of speckle recorded on the volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãç¸äºä½ç¨å è·¯é·ãå¢å ããããæ¡æ£ä½ã¯ã徿¥ã®æ¡æ£ä½ãååã«é©ç¨ã§ããªãã£ãå¤ãã®ç°ãªãåã®åéã®ããã«ãã¶ã¤ã³ãããã¨ãå¯è½ã§ãããããã«ããæ¡æ£ä½ãéã伿å ã®å¹çãå¢å ã§ãããå転å¯è½ã¨ããæ¡æ£ä½ã«ããã°å¤ãã®é©ç¨åæã«å¥½é©ãªè¦å¶ããã空éå¹²æ¸æ§ãä½ããã¨ãã§ãããThe diffuser which increases the interaction optical path length is It is possible to design for many different types of fields where conventional diffusers have not been adequately applied, which can increase the efficiency of light propagating through the diffuser. A rotatable diffuser can provide controlled spatial coherence suitable for many applications.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ°ï¼ï¼ã®æåã®é¨åã¯ç¸é¢é¢ä¿é ã§ããã第ï¼ã®é¨åã¯æ·±ãç¸é¢é¢ä¿é ã§ãããè¤æ°ç¸é¢é¢æ°ã¯å³ï¼ï¼ã§èª¬æããã¦ãããThe first part of equation 38 is the correlation term, The second part is the deep correlation term. The multiple correlation function is described in FIG.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãè§åº¦é¸ææ§ã«ããè¤åæ¡æ£ä½ã使ç¨ãããã¨ãã§ããããã«ãªããä¾ãã°ãåãã®è¨é²å ãDï¼ã§ç¤ºããã第ï¼ã®è¨é²å ï¼åºæºå ï¼ãï¼²ï¼ã§ããã°ãï¼ã¤ã®ç°ãªãã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ã»ãããæ¡æ£ä½ã«è¨é²ããããä»ã®ä¾ã§ã¯å Dï¼ã¨ï¼¤ï¼ãç¨ãã¦æ¡æ£ä½ãè¨é²ããããï¼ã¤ã®ç°ãªããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åãç¨ããã°å Dï¼ã¨ï¼¤ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦è¨é²ããã対å¿ããæ¡æ£ä½ãæ§æããããï¼ã¤ã®ç°ãªãåçå ï¼²c1ã¨ï¼²c2ãç¨ãããã¨ãã§ãããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã¯ãã©ãã°é¸ææ§ãæããããåçå ï¼²c1 ã¯æ¡æ£å D1 ã®ã¿ãåç §ãããå ï¼²c2ã¯æ¡æ£å D2 ã®ã¿ãåç §ãããå¾ã£ã¦ãã©ãã°é¸ææ§ãç¨ãã第ï¼ã®åçå ã«ããã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ã䏿¹ã®ç¼ã§ã¿ããã第ï¼ã®åçå ã«ããã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ã仿¹ã®ç¼ã«ãã£ã¦è¦ãããã¹ãã¬ãªå¯è¦é¡ãå®ç¾ãããã¨ãã§ããããã®åã®ã·ã¹ãã ãç¨ãã¦ç±³å½ç¹è¨±ç¬¬ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼å·æç´°æ¸ã«è¨è¼ãããåã®ï¼ï¼¤å¯è¦é¡ãå®ç¾ãããã¨ãã§ãããThe angular selectivity allows the use of composite diffusers. For example, if the first recording light is indicated by D1 and the second recording light (reference light) is R1, two different sets of speckles are recorded on the diffuser. In another example, the light D1 and D2 are used to record the diffuser. With two different mask diffuser holes, two different reproduction lights R c1 and R c2 can be used to form the corresponding diffuser recorded by the lights D1 and D2. Since the volume holographic diffuser has Bragg selectivity, the reproduction light R c1 Refers only to diffused light D 1 . The light R c2 refers only to the diffused light D 2 . Therefore, using Bragg selectivity, it is possible to realize a stereo-visible mirror in which the image by the first reproduction light is seen by one eye and the image by the second reproduction light is seen by the other eye. This type of system can be used to implement a 3D visible mirror of the type described in US Pat. No. 3,479,111.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãï½ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®åé¢ã®å¼·åº¦ã«å¯¾ããæ¡æ£ä½ã®å¾é¢ã®å¼·åº¦ã®æ¯å¹ ã®æ¯ã§ãããã¾ãè¨é²ããã»ã¹ãç¹ã«é²å ã®éæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®åé¢å´ï¼ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã«é¢ããå´ï¼ã®å ã®å¼·åº¦ã®é¢æ°ã§ãããèªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ï¼·ï¼ï½ï¼ã¯ã¹ãã¼ã¹å ã§ã¯å 強度ï¼ï¼©ï¼ã®å¤èª¿ã«æ¯ä¾ãããã®ã¨å®ç¾©ãããT is the ratio of the amplitude of the intensity of the rear surface of the diffuser to the intensity of the front surface of the diffuser 30, and also the recording process, In particular, it is a function of the light intensity on the front side of the diffuser 30 (the side facing the mask diffuser holes) during exposure. Autocorrelation function W (R) is defined to be proportional to the modulation of the light intensity (I) within the space.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãå³ï¼ã«ããã¦ï¼ï¼ã¯ä¾ãã°ããã¬ã©ã¹ããä½ãããé«ãï¼·ãå¹ ï¼¬ã®ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã§ããããã®åï¼ï¼ã¯æ°ï¼ã§ç¤ºããã¨ãã§ãããIn FIG. 6, reference numeral 34 denotes a mask diffuser hole having a height W and a width L made of frosted glass, for example. This hole 34 can be represented by the equation 9 .
ï¼ï¼ æ¡æ£ä½ ï¼ï¼ å¤åé¢ ï¼ï¼ å ï¼ï¼ æ¡æ£å ï¼ï¼ ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ ï¼ï¼ å ï¼ï¼ ã¹ããã¯ã« ï¼ï¼ é®æé¢ ï¼ï¼ ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãå ï¼ï¼ ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ ï¼ï¼ ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½å ï¼ï¼ ã¬ã³ãº ï¼ï¼ ããã¬ã©ã¹æ¡æ£ä½ 10 diffuser 12 Changes 14 light 16 diffused light 20 Mask diffuser 22 holes 24 speckles 26 Blocking surface 28 Coherent light 30 Holographic diffuser 34 Mask diffuser hole 50 lenses 52 Ground glass diffuser
ãå³ï¼ï¼ããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åããæ¬çºæã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ä¸ã®ç¹ï¼°ã«æå°ãããåæå ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of diffracted light projected from a mask diffuser hole to a point P on the volume holographic diffuser of the present invention.
The ADAFCPM1 and ADAFCPM2 mating sleeves have square flanges with through holes for compatibility for custom assemblies, our blank connection panels, or our square-flange L-brackets (sold below). The ADAFCPM3 Narrow-Key-Slot Mating Sleeve is designed for the D-hole of a standard rack-mount panel, such as our fiber connection panels, and D-hole mounting L-brackets available below. To view a drawing with the recommended mounting hole pattern for each PM mating sleeve, click the Docs icon () next to the Item # below. We also offer ADAFCPM1 and ADAFCPM2 mating sleeves premounted in an L-bracket.
The ADABS1, ADABS2, and ADABS3 include screws with 2-56 threading for attaching the square flange mating sleeves. Replacement screws (Item # SH2S019) are available in packs of 50.
Each mating sleeve includes two protective caps that shield the connectors from dust and other contaminants. These caps should be removed before use. Please note that the size of these caps may vary from lot to lot. The CAPF1 metal cap is also available for use when these mating sleeves are mounted into our L-Brackets, sold below.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã以ä¸è¿°ã¹ãããã«æ¡æ£å ãå¶å¾¡ããããã«ç¨ããããä»»æã®ããã°ã©ãã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ã®å¼·åº¦ã¯ä¸å¿ã§æå¤§ã§å¤å´ã«åããã«å¾ã£ã¦æ¸å°ãããã®ã§ããããã®æ¡æ£å ã¯åãã®åã®å½¢ãããå°ãããªã£ã¦ããããå³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãç¹æ§ã®ããã«ããéæ®µé¢æ°ã§ããèªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ãå¾ãããæ¡æ£ä½ã«ç°ãªãå ¥å°è§ã®å¤ãã®å¹³é¢æ³¢ãéãåããã¦å ¥å°ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦æ¡æ£ä½ã«å¯¾ããå ã®å ¥å°è§ãå¤ããä¸è¨ã®æ¬ ç¹ãæå°ãªãããããã¨ãã§ãããAs described above, the intensity of an arbitrary holographic speckle pattern used to control diffused light is maximum at the center and decreases toward the outside, and the diffused light has a shape that is different from the shape of the original hole. However, in order to obtain an autocorrelation function which is a step function like the characteristic shown in FIG. 20 , many plane waves having different incident angles are superposed and incident on the diffuser, so that the incident angle of light on the diffuser is small. Can be changed to minimize the above drawbacks.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãä½ç©ããã°ã©ãææã®è¨é²æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ç°ãªã屿çãæããåºåéã®æ»ãããªå¢çãè¨é²ãããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¡ãå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¤ã¯å¦çåã³è¨é²ã®éã«é²è¡ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãææå ã®å±æçã®å¤èª¿ã示ããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¡ã¯ææã®ï¼ºè»¸ã横åãé²å ã¨ãã«ã®ã¼ï¼¥ã®ã¬ãã«ã示ããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¢ã¯ææã®éç¶ããªãã¼ã®ååã¬ãã«ã«ããã硬度Hã示ããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼£ã¯ææã®å¯åº¦Ïãææå ã§ã©ã®ããã«å¤åããã®ãã示ããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¤ã¯ææå ã®å±æçï½ã®æçµçå¤èª¿ã示ãããããã®å¹æã¯ç·ã¦ååã¬ãã«ã§ãããææã«ãã£ã¦åæãããå ã«é¢é£ãã¦æ¥µãã¦æ»ããã«å¤åãããThe volume holographic material recording method records smooth boundaries between areas having different refractive indices. Figure 1 8A-18D show the refractive index modulation in a volume holographic material that progresses during processing and recording. FIG. 18A shows the level of exposure energy E across the Z axis of the material. FIG. B indicates the hardness H of the chain polymer of the material at the molecular level. FIG. 18C shows how the density Ï of a material changes within the material. FIG. 18D shows the final modulation of the index of refraction n in the material. These effects are all at the molecular level, It changes very smoothly in relation to the light diffracted by the material.
Wrap broken glass/ sharp items in paper and place in garbage. Papers & Plastic Bags. Plastic Bags. Stuff all bags inside one and tie.
These mating sleeves can be purchased individually or in packs of ten (Item # ADASMA-10) at a significant savings over the individual price. Each 10-pack includes ten mating sleeves, ten washers, ten nuts, ten alignment sleeves, and twenty dust caps to protect the exposed ends of the mating sleeves. The ADASMA is also available premounted in an L-bracket.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½å ã«ã¹ããã¯ã«ãè¨é²ããææ®µãå¶å¾¡ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ã徿¥ã®æ¡æ£ä½ã«æ¯ã¹é«åº¦ã«å¶å¾¡ãããå ã®æ¡æ£ãæ¯è¼çã«å®¹æã«ä½ã³ã¹ãã§éæã§ããã空éçã«å¤åãã屿çã®ç°ãªããã¿ã¼ã³ãæ¡æ£ä½å ã«è¨é²ãã調æ´ããå¾ãããæ¡æ£å ãã¼ã ãç¨éã«å¿ãã種ã ã®è§åº¦å½¢æ ã¨ãªãå¾ããå¾ã£ã¦æ¬çºæã®æ¡æ£ä½ã¯ãå¶å¾¡ãããæ¡æ£åã³è²è£æ£ãå¿ è¦ãªåºãç¯å²ã®ç §æã«ç¨ãããã¨ãã§ãããBy controlling the means for recording speckle within the volume holographic diffuser, a highly controlled diffusion of light can be achieved relatively easily and at low cost compared to conventional diffusers. A spatially varying pattern of different index of refraction can be recorded and adjusted in the diffuser and the resulting diffused light beam can be shaped into different angular configurations depending on the application. Therefore, the diffuser of the present invention can be used for a wide range of illumination where controlled diffusion and color correction are required.
For science and technology and telescope and optics and everything else, this was Mecca if you lived near New Jersey. Edmund still exists as a company but ...
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãå¹çã®é«ãæ¡æ£ä½ãä½ãããã«ã¯è¨é²ææã®å¦çå¯è½æ§ãéè¦ã§ãããä¾ãã°ï¼¤ï¼£ï¼§ã¯æ³¢é·Î»ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï½è¿ãã®å ã«ã®ã¿æåº¦ãæãããåºå®ã¬ã¼ã¶ã¼ãä¾ãã°Î»ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï½åã¯ï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ã®ã¢ã«ã´ã³ã¤ãªã³ã¬ã¼ã¶ã¼ã§è¨é²ããã¨ãã¯é常ããã°ã©ã ã¯æ¯è¼çã«çãã¹ãã¯ãã«ï¼å³ã¡æ³¢é·ï¼ã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹ãæããããã¯ï¼è²ï¼ï¼¤æå½±ã¹ã¯ãªã¼ã³çã«å¥½é©ã§ãããç¶ããªããèªåè»ã®ãããã©ã¤ãã®ããã«ç½è²å ãç¨ããå ´åã«ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã¯åºãã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹ãæããå¿ è¦ããããå¾ã£ã¦è¨é²ææã¯ç°ãªãç¨éã®ããã«å¦çã§ãããã®ã§ãããã¨ãæã¾ãããDCGã®ãããªä½ç©ä½ç¸ææã¯ãã®æ¬è³ªçãªç¹æ§ãæãã¦ãããThe processability of the recording material is also important in order to make a highly efficient diffuser. For example, DCG has a wavelength λ of 5 It has sensitivity only to light near 00 nm. Fixed laser, For example, when recording with an argon ion laser at λ = 514 nm or 488 nm, holograms usually have a relatively narrow spectral (ie wavelength) response, which is 3 It is suitable for color 3D projection screens and the like. However, the diffuser must have a wide response when using white light, such as in a car headlight. Therefore, it is desirable that the recording material be processable for different uses. Volume phase materials such as DCG have this essential property.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãä¸å¼ããå¶å¾¡ãããå¤ã®ç©ºéå¹²æ¸æ§ãæããå æºãä½ããã¨ãã§ããããã®å¶å¾¡ãããå¤ã¯åã®é¢æ°ï¼°ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ãå¤ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦å¤ãããã¨ãã§ããã以ä¸ã«ç¤ºãããã«ç©ºéå¹²æ¸æ§å¤åã«ãããããæ¡æ£ä½ã®æéå¹²æ¸æ§ã®å£åã¯å ãã§ãããFrom the above equation it is possible to make a light source with a controlled value of spatial coherence. This controlled value can be changed by changing the pore function P (u, v). As shown below, the temporal coherence of the diffuser is slightly deteriorated regardless of the spatial coherence change.
Jun 18, 2024 — Absorption costing, sometimes called full costing, is a managerial accounting method for capturing all costs associated with manufacturing ...
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¡ãå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¥ã¯æ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®è¨é²ã®ããã®ç¨®ã ã®ä¾ã示ããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¡ã¯ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åããåºãè¨é²å Dã®ã¿ãç¨ãããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ãè¨é²ããä¾ã§ãããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¢ã¯åãã®è¨é²å Dã¨åºæºå ï¼²ãç¨ãã¦ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ãè¨é²ããäºéå è¨é²ã®ä¾ã示ããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼£ã¯å³ï¼ï¼ï¼¢ã§èª¬æããåºæºå ï¼²ã¨è¨é²å Dã®ä½ç½®ãå対ã¨ããä¾ã§ãããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¤ã¯ç°ãªããã¹ã¯ãç¨ãã¦å¾ãï¼ã¤ã®ç°ãªãè¨é²å D1 ï¼ï¼¤2 ãç¨ãã¦ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ãè¨é²ããä¾ã§ãããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¥ã¯ï¼ã¤ã®è¨é²å D1 ï¼ï¼¤2 ã¨ï¼ã¤ã®åºæºå ï¼²1 ï¼ï¼²2 ãç¨ããä¾ã§ããããã©ãã°é¸ææ§ã®ããåçã«ããã¦ã¯å ï¼²1 ã¯å D1 ã®ã¿ãåç §ããå ï¼²2 ã¯å D2 ã®ã¿ãåç §ãããè¨é²åã³åçå ã®æ°åã³ä½ç½®ã¯ç¡æ°ã«å¤ãå¾ããFigures 24A-24E show various examples for recording a volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention. FIG. 24A shows an example in which the holographic diffuser is recorded using only the recording light D emitted from the mask diffuser hole. FIG. 24B shows an example of dual optical recording in which the recording light D and the reference light R are used to record the volume holographic diffuser. FIG. 24C is an example in which the positions of the reference light R and the recording light D described in FIG. 24B are opposite. FIG. 24D is an example of recording a volume holographic diffuser using two different recording lights D 1 and D 2 obtained using different masks. FIG. 24E shows two recording beams D 1 , D 2 and 2 This is an example using two reference lights R 1 and R 2 . In reproduction, the light R 1 refers to only the light D 1 due to Bragg selectivity, Light R 2 refers only to light D 2 . The number and position of recording and reproducing light can be changed infinitely.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãåè»¢æ¡æ£ä½ã®ä¾ã§ã¯ç©ºéå¹²æ¸æ§Ïcoh ã¯å¹³åã¹ããã«ãµã¤ãºã«çãããæ°ï¼ï¼ã®ããã«ãªããIn the example of the rotating diffuser, the spatial coherence Ï coh is equal to the average spill size, which is as shown in the equation ( 50 ).
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãè¥ãåçæ³¢ãé颿³¢ï¼åè²ï¼ãä½ããªãã°ï¼ªï¼ï½ï¼ï½0 ï¼ã®æ°å¤åã®å¾åè²ç §æã®ä¾ã®ããã®å¼ã¨ãã¦æ°ï¼ï¼ï¼æ°ï¼ï¼ãå¾ããããIf the reproduced wave produces a non-surface wave (monochromatic), after numericalizing J (s, s 0 ), Equations 33 and 34 are obtained as equations for the example of monochromatic illumination.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã¯ç¨®ã ã®éè¦ãªç¨éã«ä½¿ç¨ãããã¨ãã§ãããããã°ã©ãå 夿ä½ï¼ï¼¨ï¼¬ï¼´ï½ï¼ã¯å ãï¼æ¬¡å åã¯ï¼æ¬¡å å½¢ç¶ãªããããããã®ç¨®ã ã®ç¨éã«æç¨ã§ãããä¾ãã°å±å ç §æããå±å åã³å±å¤æ¨èã®åä¸åã³éåä¸ç §æã«ç¨ãããã¨ãã§ãããèªåè»ã®ãããã©ã¤ãã¯å¯¾åããè»ã®ãã©ã¤ãã¼ã«ã¾ã¶ãããä¸ããªãããã«ãåã³å¯¾åããé¨åã®å°å½¢ã確å®ã«ç §æã§ããããã«ããããå ã®åå¸ãä¸åä¸ãªãããããã¨ãå¿ è¦ã§ãããæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããæ¡æ£ä½ã¯ãé©å½ãªå½¢ç¶ã®å ãå¾ããããããã©ã¤ãã«ä½¿ç¨ã§ãããå±å åã³å±å¤ã®åæ¥ç¨åã³å·¥æ¥ç¨ç §æã«ã¯é©å½ãªé°å²æ°ã¨å ã®æ¹åç¹æ§ãæã¾ããããããã®ï¼ã¤ã®ç®çãï¼ã¤ã®æ¡æ£ä½ã§éæã§ãããæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããæ¡æ£ä½ãç¨ããããã°ã©ãå 夿ä½ã¯ï¼ã¤ã®å ãå¤ãã®å ã¨ããã¾ãã¯å ãå 軸ãããããæ¹åã«æ¾å°ãããããã¨ãã§ãããæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããæ¡æ£ä½ã«ããã°ããã°ã©ã ãããé è¦çç §æãã¿ã¼ã³ãå¾ããã¨ãã§ããã®ã¿ãªãããé©å½ãªæ³¢é·ã¨ãããã¾ãã¯å¸åææãç¨ãã¦é©ç¨ããã®ã«æé©ã§å æºã®åºåã¹ãã¯ãã«ã«å®å ¨ã«ã¯ä¾åããªãåºåã«ã©ã¼å ããã°ã©ã ãå¾ããã¨ãã§ãããThe volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention can be used in a variety of important applications. Holographic light converters (HLTs) are useful in a variety of applications for shaping light into one-dimensional or two-dimensional shapes. For example, it can be used for indoor lighting and uniform and non-uniform lighting of indoor and outdoor signs. It is necessary for the headlights of an automobile to have a non-uniform light distribution so as not to give glare to the driver of an oncoming vehicle and to reliably illuminate the terrain of the oncoming vehicle. The diffuser according to the method of the present invention can be used in a headlight to obtain a properly shaped light. Suitable atmosphere and light directional characteristics are desired for indoor and outdoor commercial and industrial lighting. These two objectives can be achieved with one diffuser. The holographic light converter using the diffuser according to the method of the present invention can turn one light into many lights or emit the light in the direction deviated from the optical axis. The diffuser according to the method of the present invention not only provides a programmed far-field illumination pattern, but is also optimal for application at the appropriate wavelength or with absorbing dyes and is completely in the output spectrum of the light source. Can obtain an output color light hologram which is independent.
ãå³ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããæ¡æ£ä½ã«å¯¾ãããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åããã®æ¡æ£å¤é¨å ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of diffused external light from a mask diffuser hole for a diffuser according to the method of the present invention.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ããããæ¡æ£ä½ã®è¨é²ã®éãå³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«è¨é²æä¸ã®ç¹ï¼°ã¯æ³¢é·Î»ã®æ¡æ£ã¬ã¼ã¶ã¼å ãä¾ãã°Î»ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ã®ã¢ã«ã´ã³ã¬ã¼ã¶ã¼ããæãç¡éå¤§ã®æ°ã®åºæ¬é¢æ³¢ãåããããã®ç¹ï¼°ã«ãããå ¥å°å ã®æ¯å¹ ã¨ä½ç¸æ å ±ãè¨é²ããããã«ã¯ææã®è§£åéåº¦ãæ¥µãã¦é«ãããªããã°ãªããªããæ¼ç½ããããã²ã³åéã¯ãããè§£åé度ã¨ãªãå¾ããããã¯éç²åã®ãµã¤ãºã«ãã£ã¦å¶å¾¡ããããç¶ããªãããDCGã®ãããªä½ç©ä½ç¸ææã§ã¯ååãµã¤ãºã§å±æçãå¤åãããããã®è§£å度ã«ã¯å¶éããªããããã²ã³åéã®å ´åã«ã¯å³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«å ¥å°å ï¼ã¯ç²åå¢çã§åå°ããå ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã®ããã«å¤±ããããï¼ã¯ééï¼å¤èª¿ï¼å ã§ãããDCGã®å ´åã«ã¯å³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«ååãµã¤ãºãåºã«ãã¦å±æçãå¤åããããææã¯æ¬¡ç¬¬ã«å¤åãã屿çã®å¢çãä½ããå¾ã£ã¦ææå ã§åå°ãã¹ãçãããã¨ã¯ãªããDuring recording of such a diffuser, as shown in FIG. 15, a point P on the recording material receives a diffused laser beam of wavelength λ, for example, an infinite number of fundamental surface waves composed of an argon laser of λ = 514 nm. . In order to record the amplitude and phase information of the incident light at this point P, the resolution limit of the material must be extremely high. Bleached silver halide can be such a resolution limit, which is controlled by the size of the silver grains. However, in a volume phase material such as DCG, there is no limitation on the resolution because the refractive index changes depending on the molecular size. In the case of silver halide, the incident light 1 is reflected at the grain boundary as shown in FIG. 16 and is lost as light 2, 3, 4. Reference numeral 5 is transmitted (modulated) light. In the case of DCG, the refractive index changes based on the molecular size as shown in FIG. 17, so that the material forms a boundary of the refractive index that gradually changes. Therefore, no reflection loss occurs in the material.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãï¼³ï¼ãã¼ã¦ã¤ã³ã·ã£ã«åã³ï¼¨ï¼ã¢ã¼ã»ãã«ãã¯ãã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®ããã®ã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸å½¢æï¼çµ±è¨çç¹æ§ãã«ããã¦ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãå æ¡æ£ä½ãæããå å¦ã·ã¹ãã ã«ãã£ã¦ä¸ããããã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ã®çµ±è¨ã«ããæ±ºå®ã«å¯¾ããé¢é£ã¥ããç ç©¶ãã¦ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã¯ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãå ã«ãã£ã¦ç §å°ãããæ¡æ£ä½ã®ä»»æã®æ§æã«é¢é£ãããã空éå¹²æ¸æ§ã®å ã¯å æºå èªèº«ã®ä¸è¦åãªæ§æã«é¢é£ãããï¼·ï¼ï¼¨ï¼ã«ã¼ã¿ã¼åã³ï¼¥ï¼ã¦ãªã«ãã¯ãåä¼¼å質æ¿ç¶å æºãæããå¹²æ¸æ§ã¨ã©ã¸ãªã¡ããªã¼ãã«ããã¦ç©ºéå¹²æ¸æ§ã¨åä¼¼åè³ªå æºãç ç©¶ãã¦ãããï¼ï¼ï¼§ï¼ãã©ã¼ãã®ä»ã¯ãã¬ã¼ã¶ã¼ã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ã®ï¼æ¬¡çµ±è¨ãã«ããã¦ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãçã«ç §å°ãããç©ä½ããæãè·é¢ã«ããé¢å ã®ã¬ã¼ã¶ã¼ã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ã®çµ±è¨ã«ã¤ãã¦è¿°ã¹ã¦ãããï¼ï¼ã³ã¯ããºãã¯ã¯ãå䏿¡æ£ä½ã®ã¹ãã¯ãã«åã³ã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ç¹æ§ãã«ããã¦ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ã·ã¹ãã å ã®èå±¤æ¡æ£ä½ã«é¢é£ããçè«ãè¿°ã¹ã¦ãããS. Low Initial and H.M. Arsenalt in "Imaging for Coherent Diffusers: Statistical Properties" studies the implications for statistical determination of the image provided by an optical system with a coherent light diffuser. Speckle is associated with any configuration of the diffuser illuminated by coherent light, while spatially coherent light is associated with the irregular configuration of the source light itself. W. H. Carter and E. Wolff is studying spatial coherence and pseudo-homogeneous sources in "Coherence and radiometry with pseudo-homogeneous plate sources." M. G. Miller et al., In "Secondary Statistics of Laser Speckle Patterns", describe statistics of in-plane laser speckle patterns at a distance from coherently illuminated objects. M. Cowarozuk in "Spectra and Image Properties of Uniform Diffusers" describes the theory associated with thin layer diffusers in coherent imaging systems.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãããã§Îã¯å³ï¼ã«ç¤ºãä¸è§å½¢ã®èªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã§ãããå³ï¼ã®å³å½¢ã¯æ¯å¹ ï¼ã§ã横軸ï½x ã¨ç¹âï½x0 ã¨ï½x ã§äº¤åããããã®ä¸è§å½¢ã¯ï¼ã¤ã®ç©å½¢ã®èªåç¸é¢åã¯ãªã¼ãã¼ã©ããã«ãã£ã¦ä½ããã¦ãããä¸è¨é¢æ°ã¯ãç©å½¢ï¼ç©å½¢é¢æ°ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï¼ãå ¨ä½çã«éãªã£ãé¨åã§å¼·åº¦ãæå¤§ã§ãããï¼ã¤ã®ç©å½¢ãâï½xoã§å®å ¨ã«åé¢ããã¨ããã§é¢æ°ãæå°ã«ãªããã¨ã示ãã¦ãããæ°ï¼ããæ°´å¹³æ¹åãæ°ï¼ï¼ã¨ãã¦å¾ããããHere, Î is the triangular autocorrelation function shown in FIG. The figure in FIG. 7 has an amplitude of 1, the horizontal axis s x and the point âs x0 And s x . This triangle is made by the autocorrelation or overlap of two rectangles. The above function is a rectangle (rectangle function) (rectus function). n) indicates that the intensity is maximum in the overall overlap, and the function is minimum when the two rectangles are completely separated by -s xo . From Expression 9 , the horizontal direction is obtained as Expression 11 .
In many devices, these materials serve an additional function: they help seal out ambient dust or fluids from sensitive optical components. This gel is formulated to be ultraclean, non-yellowing, and unaffected by x-ray, ultraviolet or sunlight exposure. It has extremely low outgassing and volatility characteristics and is free from light-absorbing microscopic particulates. This optical product is a chemically stable, non-toxic, synthetic material with wide temperature serviceability and is suitable for designs with high reliability and long service life.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¡ãå¦çåã³è¨é²ã®éã®æ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«ããã屿çï½ã®å¤èª¿ã®é²è¡èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 18A is a diagram illustrating the progress of the modulation of the refractive index n in the volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention during processing and recording.
The iQ magnifier is part of the Daylight Company's range of magnifying lamps. This lightweight magnifying lamp features a large acrylic lens, providing a wide ...
Nd:YAG Laser, Nanosecond, 1064nm, 200mJ Quantel Laser, Compare ALL BRANDS and Suppliers, Unbiased Guide, Select the Best, SolidStateLaserSource.com.
Opticaldiffuser
Thorlabs' ADAFCSMA1 Mating Sleeve mates an FC/PC-terminated single mode (SM) or multimode (MM) fiber to an SMA-terminated MM fiber by bringing the tips into physical contact. Our CAPF1 and CAPN1 Metal Caps are designed to protect the FC and SMA ends of the mating sleeve, respectively. Please note that this mating sleeve is only compatible with SMA905-style connectors.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãé«ãå¹çã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®ä½æã«ã¯ï¼¤ï¼£ï¼§ã®ãããªä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ãç¨ãããä½ç©æ¡æ£ä½ã¨ãã¦ã¯ããã°ã©ãåã¯ãããã©ã¼ã ãç¨ãå¾ããä½ãã®ä¾ã§ãé«ãå¹çï¼ï¼ï¼ ã®ãã¬ãã«æå¤±ãç¡è¦ããã°ç´ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ ï¼ã®æ¡æ£ä½ãå¾ãããã«ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã®ä½ç©ç¹æ§åã³é¢é£ããå¦çæ§ãæ¬è³ªçãªãã®ã¨ãªããA volume holographic diffuser such as DCG is used to produce a highly efficient volume holographic diffuser. A holographic or kinoform may be used as the volume diffuser. In either case, the volume properties of the diffuser and the associated processability are essential for obtaining a highly efficient diffuser (about 100%, ignoring the 8% Fresnel loss).
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã以ä¸èª¬æãããä¾ãã°ç±³å½ç¹è¨±ç¬¬ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼å·æç´°æ¸è¨è¼ã®ï¼è²ï¼ï¼¤æ åã¹ã¯ãªã¼ã³ã®ããã«ããé«ãè§åº¦è§£å度ãå¿ è¦ã¨ãããããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®ããã«ã¯åãDCGãã£ã«ã ã好ã¾ãããA description is given below, for example, US Pat. No. 3,47. Thick DCG films are preferred for holographic diffusers where higher angular resolution is required, such as the three-color 3D projection screen of 9,111.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãç¹å¥ãªç¨éã®ããã«ã¯å¹¾ã¤ãã®ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ãæè¯ã«ãããã¨ã好ã¾ãããç¹æ®ãªå½¢ã®ã¼ã©ãã³ã«å¯¾ãã¦ã¯ããã£ã«ã ã®åããï¼ãï¼ï¼ï¼ãã¯ãã³ã¨ãããã£ã«ã ãï¼æéããæ°é±éã®é硬åãåç¼æãè¡ããéåä¸ãªç¡¬åº¦ãæãã¦å¤§ããªå¸¯åå¹ ã¨ãªãããéã¯ãã é ¸å¡©æ¿åº¦ãå¤ããé²å ã¨ãã«ã®ã¼ãï¼ï¼ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï¼ªï¼ï½ï½2 ã¨ããè¨é²æ³¢é·ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼åã³ï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ä¸¦ã³ã«ãããã®é åã«è¿ããã®ã¨ãããIt is preferable to optimize some parameters for particular applications. For special forms of gelatin, the film thickness should be 5-100 microns and the film should be cured and pre-fired for 5 hours to a few weeks to give a non-uniform hardness and a large bandwidth. Change the dichromate concentration to change the exposure energy from 50 to 1000 mJ / cm 2 , recording wavelengths 457, 488 and 514 nm In addition, it shall be close to these areas.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ°ï¼ã¯ãæ¡æ£ä½å ã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½å ã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºã«ãã£ã¦ã¯å®ããããªããããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã®è§åº¦ãµã¤ãºã«ãã£ã¦ã®ã¿ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ãéãæ¡æ£ä½ã«æå°ãããå ã®å¼·åº¦ãå®ããããã¨ããéè¦ãªçµè«ã示ãã¦ãããæ´ã«æ¡æ£ä½å ã«è¨é²ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãæ¡æ£ä½ããã®æ¡æ£å ã®å¼·åº¦ã®è§åº¦é ç½®ãå®ãããæ¡æ£ä½ããã®æ¡æ£å ã®å¼·åº¦ã¯æ° ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããããã«ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã«æå°ãããå ã®å¼·åº¦ã«ãã£ã¦ã¯å®ããããªããIn Equation 6 , the speckle size in the diffuser is not determined by the speckle size in the mask diffuser, but is projected through the mask diffuser and onto the diffuser only by the angular size of the mask diffuser hole. It shows an important conclusion that the intensity of light is fixed. Furthermore, the size of the speckle recorded in the diffuser determines the angular distribution of the intensity of the diffused light from the diffuser. The intensity of the diffused light from the diffuser is a number It is not determined by the intensity of the light projected on the mask diffuser hole as shown in FIG.
Sep 24, 2022 — The wavelengths of infrared radiation are between 0.8 and 250 μm. The units that are typically used for infrared spectroscopy are wavenumbers ( ...
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãå¹³åã¹ããã¯ã«ãµã¤ãºã®ããã®æ°ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«ï¼¡x0ï¼ï¼Î»ï½ï¼ï¼¬ï¼Îµx λï¼ããã§Îµx ï¼ï¼ï½ï¼ï¼¬ã§é常ã¯ï¼ãï¼ï¼ã§ãããλï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼Î¼ã§ãããå ¨å å¦å è·¯é·ã¯ï¼¬s ï¼ï¼´ï¼Î¼Î»ã§ãããããããLs ï¼ï¼¡x ï¼Î¼Î»ï¼Îµx λï¼Î¼ï¼Îµx ãå¾ãããæ´ã«ï¼¬s ï¼ï¼¡x ï¼ï¼ï¼ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼Îµx âï¼ï¼ã¨ãªããLs ï¼ï¼¡x âï¼ï¼ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ãéãç·ã¦ã®å ãå®è³ªçã«æ¡æ£ããããã¨ãæå³ãããæ´ã«ï¼§ï¼²ï¼©ï¼®åªä½ã§ã¯å ãåå°ããç¸åã¯éãå¢çãåå¨ããªãããå ã®åå°ã®ãªããã¨ã¯æ¢ç¥ã§ãããæ¡æ£ä½ã§ã¯å ã®åå°ããªããThe number 16,1 for the average speckle size 7 , 21 to 23 , A x0 = 2λh / L = ε x λ (Where ε x = 2 h / L and usually 1-5) and λ = It is 0.5μ. The total optical path length is L s > T = μλ, from which L s / A x > μ λ / ε x λ = μ / ε x is obtained, and further, L s / A x = 40 to 100 / ε x â10 Becomes L s / A x â10 means that all light passing through the diffuser is substantially diffused. Furthermore, it is known that there is no light reflection in GRIN media because there are no light-reflecting edges or sharp boundaries, and there is no light reflection in diffusers.
ãçºæã®å®æ½ã®å½¢æ ã以ä¸å³é¢ã«ãã£ã¦æ¬çºæã®å®æ½ä¾ã説æãããDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ããã®è¨é²æè¡ã«ããã¦ã¯å§ãã®åã®å½¢ã¨ãµã¤ãºãå¤ããæ¡æ£å ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ãæä½ãã¦ç¡æ°ã®ç¨éã«é©ç¨ã§ããæ¡æ£ä½ãä½ããã¨ãã§ãããä¾ãã°ãè¥ãå§ãã®åãåå½¢ã§ããã°æ¡æ£ä½ããã®æ¡æ£å ã¯åå½¢ã¨ãªããè¥ãåãç©å½¢ã§ããããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã«æå°ãããå ãåä¸å¼·åº¦åå¸ã§ããã°ãæ¡æ£ä½ããã®æ¡æ£å ã®å½¢ã¯ç©å½¢ã§ãããä¸è¿°ã®ããã«å¼·åº¦åå¸ã¯ä¸è§å½¢ã¨ãªããIn this recording technique, the shape and size of the starting hole can be varied and the angular spectrum of the diffused light manipulated to create a diffuser that can be applied to a myriad of uses. For example, If the hole at the beginning is circular, the diffused light from the diffuser will be circular. If the holes are rectangular and the light projected on the mask diffuser has a uniform intensity distribution, the shape of the diffused light from the diffuser is rectangular, and the intensity distribution is triangular as described above.
Thorlabs' Empty L-Brackets are provided for customers who purchase our unmounted FC mating sleeves separately. They allow the construction of L-bracket mating sleeves not offered from stock; for example, a narrow key connector and a wide key connector can be placed into one L-bracket.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºæã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®è£½é æ¹æ³ ã®ä»ã®å®æ½ä¾ã«ããã¦ã¯å³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«äºéãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åãç¨ãã¦æ¡æ£ä½ãè¨é²ãããæ°ï¼ã«å¿ãã¦ãã®ç¶æ ãå®ããå¼ã¯ï¼°ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ï¼ï¼°1 ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ï¼ï¼°2 ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ã§ãããåä¸èªåç¸é¢ã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹ã®ä»£ããã«ä»¥ä¸ã®ï¼ã¤ã®ã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹ãå¾ããããããã¯ï¼°2 ã«å¯¾ããï¼°1 ã®æ·±ãç¸é¢é¢ä¿ï¼ï¼°1 â ï¼°2 ï¼ã¨ãï¼°1 ã«å¯¾ããï¼°2 ã®æ·±ãç¸é¢é¢ä¿ï¼ï¼°2 â ï¼°1 ï¼ã¨ãï¼°1 ã«å¯¾ããï¼° 1 èªèº«ã®ç¸é¢é¢ä¿ï¼ï¼°1 â ï¼°1 ï¼ã¨ï¼°2 ã«å¯¾ããï¼°2 èªèº«ã®ç¸é¢é¢ä¿ï¼ï¼°2 â ï¼°2 ï¼ã¨ã®èªåç¸é¢ãã¿ã¼ã³çµåãã§ãããæ°ï¼ãçç¥å½¢ã¨ããã¨æ°ï¼ï¼ãå¾ãããã Manufacturing Method of Volume Holographic Diffuser of the Present Invention In another embodiment, double mask diffuser holes are used to record the diffuser as shown in FIG. Formula P (u, v) defining the state in accordance with the number 8 = P 1 (u, v ) + P 2 (U, v), the following three responses are obtained instead of the single autocorrelation response. This is a deep correlation of P 1 against P 2 (P 1 â P 2 ), a deep correlation of P 2 for P 1 (P 2 â P 1 ), P for P 1 1 own correlation (P 1 â P 1) and P 2 own correlation to P 2 is autocorrelation pattern combination with (P 2 â P 2). When Equation 8 is omitted, Equation 44 is obtained.
Thorlabs' G608N3 Index Matching Gel is a crystal-clear optical coupling compound intended to reduce signal attenuation in wave guide assemblies at connections. The presence of air at the junction of two optical fibers causes significant signal refraction due to the large differential optical impedance that exists between air and the signal-carrying wave guides.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«è¨é²ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®å½¢ã示ãï½ï½ï½ï½é¢æ°ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a sinc function showing the shape of speckle recorded in a volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãï½ï½ï½ï½é¢æ°ã®æåã®ï¼ã¤ã®é¶ç¹ãâï½x0 ã¨ï½x0éã®è·é¢ã¨ãã¦å¹³åã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãå®ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦å¹³åã¹ããã¯ã«ãµã¤ãºã¯å³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«ï¼ï¼ï½0 ï¼ï¼ï½0 ï¼ã¨ãªããï½0 ã¨ï½0 ã¯å¤«ã æ°ï¼ï¼ ã¨æ°ï¼ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦ç¤ºããããThe first two zeros of the sinc function, -f x0 By determining the size of the average speckle as the distance between f x0 and f x0 , the average speckle size becomes (2x 0 , 2y 0 ) as shown in FIG. x 0 and y 0 are 16 respectively And the number 17
ãå³ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ãä½ãããã«ç¨ããè¨é²ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 5 is an illustration of a recording used to make a volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ°ï¼ï¼ã«å¿ãã¦è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ï¼å³ã¡Îï½ x ï¼ï¼ï¼ã¯ããé·ãæ³¢é·ã«åºããããããã®åºããã¯æ° ï¼ï¼ãç¨ãã¦æ¨å®ã§ãããæ°ï¼ï¼ã«ããã¦Îλï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ã§ããã°è§åº¦å¤åÎνã¯ï¼Â°ã§ããããã®ãã¨ã¯å¤è²åçå ã®æ³¢é·ã·ããã®å¹æã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã«å¯¾ããåçå ã®å ¥å°è§ãå¤ãããã¨ãå«ãé颿³¢ã®ä¾ã«ãããè§åº¦ã·ããã®å¹æããããå°ãããã¨ãæå³ããã[0130] Depending on the number 40 angle spectrum (ie Îs x > 0) is broadened to longer wavelengths. This spread is a number It can be estimated using 43 . In equation 43 , Îλ = 20n If m, the angle change Îν is 2 °. This means that the effect of the wavelength shift of the polychromatic reproduction light is smaller than the effect of the angle shift in the case of the non-surface wave including changing the incident angle of the reproduction light with respect to the diffuser.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãããã¬ã©ã¹åã¯åçä¹³å¤ããæãä¸è¨æ¡æ£ä½ãæ¼ç½ãããããã²ã³åéæ¿ãã¾ãã¯è¡¨é¢åããã¬ã¸ã¹ãæ¿ã¯ãããã®è¡¨é¢ã®ã¿ã«åãã«æ¡æ£ãå½¢æããããã®çµææ¡æ£ä½ã«ãã£ã¦å½±é¿ãããå è·¯é·ãæ¸å°ããæ¡æ£ä½ã®èéæ§ï¼é©ç¨åæã®æ°ï¼ãæ¸å°ãã好ã¾ãããªãæ¹åã¸ã®å ã®åå°ã«åºå ããæå¤±ãä½ä¸ãããThe above diffusers consisting of frosted glass or photographic emulsions, bleached silver halide plates, or surface type photoresist plates initially form a diffusion only on their surface. As a result, the optical path length affected by the diffuser is reduced, the flexibility of the diffuser (the number of application points) is reduced, and the loss due to the reflection of light in an undesired direction is reduced.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ãç¨ããæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®è¨é²ããã»ã¹ã¯æ°ï¼åã³æ°ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦ç¤ºããããæ°ï¼ã®ï¼¦ã¯æ°ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦å®ããããããã¯ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åï¼ï¼ã®ãã¼ãªã¨å¤æã§ãããæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®é¢ã®åº§æ¨ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ã«ä¾åãããå³ã¡ï¼¦ã¯ï¼°ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ã®ï¼ï¼¤ãã¼ãªã¨å¤æã§ãããããã§ï¼°ã¯ä¸è¿°ããéãåã®é¢æ°ï¼°ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ï¼ï½ï¼ï¼ï¼ãï¼°ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼åå ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãã®ä»ï¼ï½ã§ãããThe recording process of the diffuser 30 using the mask diffuser 20 is shown by equations ( 5) and ( 6 ). F of number 5 Is defined by the equation 6 , which is the Fourier transform of the mask diffuser hole 22, and the coordinates (x, y) of the surface of the diffuser 30. Depends on. That is, F is the 2D Fourier transform of P (u, v), where P is the hole function P (u, v) as described above. = { 1/0, P (u, v) = 1 (in hole), = 0 (other) } .
ãå³ï¼ï¼ãã¹ããã¯ã«ãè¨é²ãããæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½å ã®å ã®æ»ãããªåæã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 17 is an illustration of the smooth diffraction of light in a volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention in which speckle is recorded.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ããã®ç´ç²ä½ç¸ã¨ã¯ãï¼ï¼æ®ã©ç·ã¦ã®æå°å ãæ¡æ£ããããå³ã¡ãåå°å ãæ¥µãã¦å¼±ããï¼ï¼æå°å ã®ããä¸é¨ã®ã¿ãåå°ããããå³ã¡ãåæå¹çãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ ã«è¿ãï¼ãã¬ãã«ã¬ã³ãºãé¤ãï¼ãã¨ããï¼ã¤ã®åºæ¬çãªç¹æ§ãæãããã¨ãæå³ãããå¾ã£ã¦æ¬çºæã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«å ¥ã£ãæ®ã©ç·ã¦ã®å ã¯ãããééãããã®æ¡æ£ä½ã¯ç´ç²ä½ç¸ã§ããããå ãå¸åããããã¨ã¯ãªããæ´ã«ãä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ãééããæ®ã©ç·ã¦ã®å ã¯æ¡æ£ããããã®çµææ¡æ£ä½ããåæãããªãå ãæ¾åºããããã¨ã¯ãªãããããã®ç¹æ§ã¯ç·ã¦ã®æ¡æ£ä½ã®ä½ç©ç¹æ§ã«åºå ããã[0080] this pure phase, 1) almost all of the projected light is diffused, that is, the reflected light is very weak, 2) only a small portion of the projected light is reflected, i.e., the diffraction efficiency of 100 % (Excluding a Fresnel lens) closer to the means having two fundamental properties of. Therefore, almost all light entering the volume holographic diffuser of the present invention will pass through it and will not be absorbed because this diffuser is in pure phase. Moreover, almost all light that passes through the volume holographic diffuser is diffused so that no undiffracted light is emitted from the diffuser. These properties are due to the volumetric properties of all diffusers.
For compatibility with FC/PC-terminated patch cables, we offer two bulkhead adapters: the HAFC2 with a 2.0 mm narrow-key slot and the HAFC with a 2.2 mm wide-key slot. Both adapters have 3.2 mm long, 3/8"-24 external mounting threads on the side opposite the FC/PC connector. To create 3/8"-24 taps in custom assemblies, Thorlabs offers the TAP3824 tap.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãä¸è¨ã®ä¾ã§ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ãåä¸å ãç¨ãã¦è¨é²ãããã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ããªã¾ãã¯ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãã§ãªãåè²é¢æ³¢ãç¨ãã¦åçããã¦ãããæãç¨éã«å¯¾ãã¦ã¯å¤æ°å è¨é²ã¨éåè²å åçã好ã¾ãããéåè²å æ§ææ¹æ³ã以ä¸èª¬æãããIn the above example, the diffuser was recorded with a single beam and reproduced with a coherent or non-coherent monochromatic surface wave. Multiple optical recording and non-monochromatic light reproduction are preferred for some applications. The non-monochromatic light composition method will be described below.
âââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ ããã³ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¶ã (72)çºæè ãããã ã¸ã£ã¼ï¼ ãã«ã« ã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡å½ ã«ãªãã©ã«ãã¢å· 90045ãã¹ã¢ã³ã¸ã§ã«ã¹ ã±ãã¨ã³ 㢠ããã¥ã¼ 8315 (72)çºæè ãã£ã³ ã¨ã ï¼ ã¨ã¤ ã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡å½ ã«ãªãã©ã«ãã¢å· 90505ãã¼ã©ã³ã¹ ã¢ãã¼ãï¼ã¨ã¤ 㢠ã³ã¶ ã¢ããã¥ã¼ 23446 (56)åèæç® ç¹é æ59â131902ï¼ï¼ªï¼°ï¼ï¼¡) ï¼¶ï¼ï¼°ï¼ï¼¢ï½ï½ï½ ï½ ï½ï¼ï½ï½ï¼ï¼ï¼µ ï½ï½ ï½ï½ ï½ ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï½ ï½ ï½ï½ ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï½ ï½ ï½ ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï¼ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï½ ï¼³ï½ï½ ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï¼ç±³å½ï¼1990å¹´ ï¼ æï¼ï½ï½ï½ï¼68ï¼ï½ï½ï¼ï¼ï¼ï½244âï½ 246 (58)調æ»ããåé(Int.Cl.7ï¼ï¼¤ï¼¢å) G02B 5/32 G03H 1/02 G02B 5/02 âââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ âââ Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor David J. Perca United States California 90045 Los Angeles Kenyon Avenue 8315 (72) Inventor Tin M. A USA 90905 Torrance Apartment. Asia Avenue 23446 (56) References JP 59-131902 (JP, A) V.I. P. Brui et. al. , Use of a specklegras as a diffusely s cattering screen in hologram recording optics, optics and Spec trocopy, USA, February 1990, vol. 68, no. 2, p244-p246 (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) G02B 5/32 G03H 1/02 G02B 5/02
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã以ä¸èª¬æããããã«è¨é²å ã«å ãã¦åºæºå ã§è¨é²ããããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®ããã«ã¯é«æ¿åº¦ã®åããã£ã«ã ãç¨ããã°å¸¯åå¹ ãããåºããå¹çãããé«ããããã¨ãã§ãããAs will be described below, for a holographic diffuser recorded with reference light in addition to recording light, a thick film with a high concentration can be used to increase the bandwidth and efficiency.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ãåºæºå ãç¨ããæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®è¨é²ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram of recording on the volume holographic diffuser by the method of the present invention using reference light.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãï¼´ï¼ï¼ï¼Î¼åã³Î»ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼Î¼ããμï¼ï¼ï¼ã¨ãªããεx âï¼ï¼ã§ãããï¼´ï¼ï¼¡x ãï¼ãï¼ï¼ã«ç¥ãããLs ï¼ï¼´ã§ããããLs ã¯ï¼¡x ã®ç´ï¼ï¼ãï¼ï¼ï¼åã¨ãªããFrom T = 40μ and λ = 0.5μ to μ = 80 Becomes Since ε x â10 and T / A x is abbreviated to 5 to 10, and L s > T, L s is about 10 to 100 times A x .
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãä¸è¨ã®ããã²ã³åéã¨ï¼¤ï¼£ï¼§ã®ä¾ã®ããã«ç²ååææã«ãããåå°ãã¹ã¯å ¥å°å ã®æ å ±éã¨å ±ã«å¢å ããå æ´»æ§ç²åã®æ°ã«æ¯ä¾ãããå¾ã£ã¦æ¡æ£å ã¯è¨é²ã¬ã¼ã¶ã¼å ã®å¹çã¨æ å ±éã®å¢å ã¨å ±ã«å¢å ãããããã¯ãªãã½ã«ãã¼åã³ã³ã¼ã¯ã«ãã£ã¦ç¤ºãããããã²ã³åéææã«ãã£ã¦éæãããæå¤§å¹çã¨ä¿¡å·å¯¾ãã¤ãºæ¯ã«å¶éãçãããã®çç±ã§ãããThe reflection loss in a grain type material as in the above examples of silver halide and DCG is proportional to the number of photoactive grains which increases with the amount of information of incident light. Therefore, the diffused light increases as the efficiency of the recording laser light and the amount of information increase. This is the reason why it limits the maximum efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio achieved by the silver halide materials presented by Solmer and Coke.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãä¸è§å½¢ã®ãã¼ã¹ã®å¹ ã¯ç©å½¢ã®æ°´å¹³ã¾ãã¯åç´ï¼ï¼¬ã¾ãã¯ï¼·ï¼ã®ä½ããã®å¹ ã®ï¼åã§ãããå³ï¼ã§ã¯åï¼ï¼ã®é«ãã¯ï¼·ã§ãããæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®ä¸å¿ã«ã¯å ï¼ï¼ï¼¡ã¨ï¼ï¼ï¼¢ãè§åº¦Î¼0 ã§éå ããã¦ãããæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®å³å´ããåºãå ã¯è§åº¦Î¼0 ã®ï¼åã®è§åº¦ã§æ¡æ£ããããç¹ç·ï¼ï¼ã¯åï¼ï¼ããæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã«æå°ãããå ã®è§åº¦Î¼0 ã«çããè§åº¦ã§æ¡æ£ãããå ã示ããç¶ããªããèªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã¯ç©å½¢é¢æ°ã®ï¼åã§ãããå¾ã£ã¦æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ããæ¡æ£ãããå ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã¯åï¼ï¼ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ï¼åã§ãããè¦ç´ããã¨ãè§åº¦Î¼0 ã¯è¨é²åªä½ã®ä¸å¿ããè¦ããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã®è§åº¦ãµã¤ãºã«ãã£ã¦å®ã¾ããæ¡æ£ä½ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ãµã¤ãºã¯ä¸å¿ããè¦ããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ãµã¤ãºã®ï¼åã§ãããæ´ã«ãå¾ãããã¹ãã¯ãã«å¼·åº¦ã®å½¢ã¯ä¸è§å½¢ã§ããã䏿¹å§ãã®åã®å½¢ã¯ç©å½¢ã§ãããThe width of the base of the triangle is twice the width of either the horizontal or vertical (L or W) of the rectangle. In FIG. 8, the height of the hole 36 is W, and the light 38 is formed at the center of the diffuser 40. A and 38B are collected at an angle μ 0 . The light emitted from the right side of the diffuser 40 is diffused at an angle twice the angle μ 0 . Dotted line 42 indicates light that is diffused at an angle equal to the angle μ 0 of the light projected from the hole 36 onto the diffuser 40. However, the autocorrelation function is twice the rectangular function, so the diffuser 40 The angular spectrum of the light diffused from is twice that of the hole 36. In summary, the angle μ 0 is determined by the angular size of the mask diffuser hole viewed from the center of the recording medium, and the size of the diffuser angular spectrum is twice the size of the angular spectrum of the mask diffuser hole viewed from the center. . Furthermore, the shape of the spectral intensity obtained is triangular, while the shape of the starting hole is rectangular.
ãçºæã®å±ããæè¡åéãæ¬çºæã¯å ã®æ¡æ£ä½ã®è£½é æ¹ æ³ãç¹ã«ã¹ããã¯ã«ï¼ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï¼çè«ã«åºã¥ãå ã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®è£½é æ¹æ³ã«é¢ãããã®ã§ãããTECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a light diffuser. Method , in particular, to a method of manufacturing a volume holographic diffuser of light based on the speckle theory.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãããã§ï½ï¼ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ï¼ï¼¡ã¯å®æ°ï¼ï½ï¼ï¼ï½x ï¼ï½y ï¼ï½z ï¼ã§ãããï½x 2ï¼ï½y 2 ï¼ï½z 2 ï¼ï¼ã§ãããï¼·ï¼ï½ï¼ã¯æ°ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦ç¤ºãããèªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã§ãããWhere r = (x, y), A is a constant, s = (S x , s y , s z ), and s x 2 + s y 2 + s z 2 = 1 And W (r) is the autocorrelation function shown by equation 2 .
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ°ï¼ã¯ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãå ã«é²å ããããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã¨æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦ä½ãããæçµçæ¡æ£ã¹ããã¯ã«å éã®é¢ä¿ã示ãã¦ãããéè¦ãªãã¨ã¯æ°ï¼ã¯ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®ç¹æ§ã¨ãä¸éæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã«é¢é£ãããã¨ãªãã«ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã«é²å ãããå ããç´æ¥ã«æçµçã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ã®ç¹æ§ã決å®ãããã¨ã§ãããæ°ï¼ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®å¾å´ã®å ã®è§åº¦é ç½®ãè¨é²ã®ããç¨ãããããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®åã®é¢æ°ï¼°ã®èªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã§ãããã¨ã示ãã¦ãããæè¨ããã°æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã¯ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®åãç¨ãã¦è¨é²ããããæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ããã®å¾é²å ããåã¯åçãããã¨ããæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ããæ¡æ£ãããå ã®è§åº¦é ç½®ããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åï¼ï¼ã®èªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ãå³ã¡ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã®å½¢ç¶ã«åºå ãããã¨ãå¤ãããã®éè¦ãªé¢ä¿ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ããã®å ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ãå¶å¾¡ããããã®ææ®µã¨ãã¦ç¨ãããã¨ãã§ããããã®ç¾è±¡ã¯ã¹ããã¯ã«ãªãã§ã¯å®ç¾ä¸å¯è½ã§ãããæ¬çºæã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®äºæã§ããªãå©çã¨éè¦æ§ã説æããããã®åºç¤ã¨ãªããEquation 8 shows the relationship between the mask diffuser 20 exposed to coherent light and the final diffuse speckle light produced by diffuser 30. Importantly, equation 8 determines the properties of the mask diffuser 20 and the properties of the final speckle pattern directly from the light that is exposed to the mask diffuser 20 without being associated with the intermediate diffuser 30. . Equation 8 shows that the angular distribution of light behind the diffuser 30 is an autocorrelation function of the function P of the holes in the mask diffuser 20 used for recording. In other words, the diffuser 30 is recorded using the holes in the mask diffuser 20. Diffuser 30 It can be seen that the angular distribution of the light diffused from the diffuser 30 when it is subsequently exposed or reproduced is due to the autocorrelation function of the mask diffuser hole 22, ie the shape of the mask diffuser hole. This important relationship can be used as a means to control the angular spectrum of the light from diffuser 30. This phenomenon is not feasible without speckle and is the basis for explaining the unexpected benefits and importance of the volume holographic diffuser of the present invention.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãå¾ã£ã¦ãã®å¼ã¯é颿³¢åçã¨å¤è²åçå ãèæ ®ããããä¸è¬å¼åããããéå çå¤è²å ã®åºããã¯æ³¢é·ä¾åãã¡ã¯ã¿ã¼ã®ã¿ã«ãã£ã¦å¾ããããTherefore, this equation is generalized to take into account non-surface wave reproduction and polychromatic reproduction light. The spread of additional polychromatic light is obtained only by the wavelength-dependent factor.
The uncommon mounting threads in these adapters will require the use of custom mounting solutions. The HAFC2, HAFC, and HASMA adapters may directly screw into an adapter plate. In order to mount the HAST adapter, the LN3824 lock nut must first be threaded onto the adapter (see the photo above). Once the lock nut is secure, the assembly may be threaded onto an adapter plate with a thread depth of at least 0.10" (2.54 mm). Please note that the HAST adapter and LN3824 lock nut are machined so that the maximum amount of torque needed to secure them into the adapter plate should not exceed 121.6 oz-lbs (0.86 N•m).
Thorlabs Bulkhead Adapters each accept a fiber connector on one side and have threads that can be used to mount the adapter into an OEM or custom system. They are useful for applications that require light to be launched from a fiber into a free-space setup. The design aligns the front face of the connector ferrule with the rear surface of the adapter, as shown in the photo to the right, and allows the fiber to be placed in near-physical contact with any optics or instruments that are placed after the adapter.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãåºã帯åã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹ãæã¾ãããããã©ã¤ãç¨æ¡æ£ä½çã®ç¹æ®ãªç¨éã«å¯¾ãã¦ã¯ããé«ãæ¿åº¦ã®éã¯ãã é ¸å¡©ãå«ãèãã¨ãã«ã¸ã§ã³ã好ã¾ãããä¸éã®ç¡¬ãã®ãã£ã«ã ï¼âæåå¿âæè¡ã«ãã£ã¦ç´ï¼ï¼æé硬åãããã®ï¼ã¨é²å ã¨ãã«ã®ã¼ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï¼ªï¼ï½ï½2 ã§è¨é²æ³¢é·ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ã®å ã«ããå¿ è¦ãªãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ãä½ããã¨ãã§ãããThinner emulsions with higher concentrations of dichromate are preferred for special applications such as headlight diffusers where a broad band response is desired. A medium hardness film (cured for about 24 hours by the "dark reaction" technique) and light with an exposure energy of 400 mJ / cm 2 and a recording wavelength of 514 nm can produce the required parameters.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã好ã¾ãã宿½ä¾ã«ãããDCGã®ãããªä½ç©ããã°ã©ãææããä½ãããæ¡æ£ä½ã§ã¯ãææã®åãã¯å³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãï¼´ã§ãããç¸äºä½ç¨é·ãLs ãææãéãå ã®å ¨å å¦å è·¯é·ã§ããï¼´ãã大ãããå³ã¡ï¼¬s ï¼ï¼´ã§ãããï¼´ãï¼´ï¼Î¼Î»ã®ããã«å®ããã°æ°ï¼ï¼ãå¾ããããFor a diffuser made from a volume holographic material such as DCG in the preferred embodiment, the material thickness is T as shown in FIG. 13 and the interaction length L s is the total optical path of light through the material. Long and greater than T, ie L s > T Is. If T is set as T = μλ, the following equation 23 is obtained.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ã夿°ã®ç°ãªã屿çãæããåªä½å ã®åæå ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of diffracted light in a medium having a large number of different refractive indexes.
The typical insertion loss for mating an FC/PC-terminated SM fiber to an SMA-terminated MM fiber is less than 0.2 dBa, while the typical insertion loss for mating an FC/PC-terminated MM fiber to an SMA-terminated MM fiber is less than 1.4 dBb.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ°ï¼ï¼ã¯åè²å ã®ä¾ã§ãããéåè²å ã®ããã®ï¼ªï¼ï½ï¼ã¯æ°ï¼ï¼ï¼æ°ï¼ï¼ã®ããã«ç½®æãã¹ãã§ãããEquation 33 is an example of monochromatic light, and J (s) for non-monochromatic light should be replaced by Equations 35 and 36 .
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ããããã©ã¼ã ã¨å¼ã°ããã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ä½ææ¡æ£ä½ã®ç¹å®å½¢æ ãç ç©¶ããã¦ããããããã©ã¼ã ã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ä½æã®æ³¢é¢åçè£ ç½®ã§ãããããã°ã©ã ã®ãããªäºæ¬¡å ã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ã®ãã¹ãã¬ã¤ãæ§æãããç¶ããªããããã°ã©ã ã¨æ¯è¼ãã¦ãããã©ã¼ã ã¯åä¸åæãªã¼ãã¼ãä½ããåºæºå ã¨ã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸åé¢è¨ç®ãå¿ è¦ã¨ããªãããããã©ã¼ã ã¯æ¡æ£æ³¢é¢å ã®ä½ç¸æ å ±ã®ã¿ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®ã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸æ§æã®ããã«è¦æ±ãããã¨ã®æ¨å®ã«åºã¥ãã¦ããã¨ããçç±ãããããã©ã¼ã ã¯ç´ç²ãªç¸ã§ããããããã©ã¼ã ã¯ï¼¬ï¼ï¼¢ï¼ã¬ã¼ã¼ã ãã®ä»ã«ãã£ã¦ããããã©ã¼ã ï¼æ°ããæ³¢é¢åçè£ ç½®ãåã³ï¼¨ï¼ï¼ªï¼ã«ã«ãã£ã¼ã«ãã«ãã£ã¦ããããã©ã¼ã æ¡æ£ä½ãã§æ¤è¨ããã¦ãããã«ã«ãã£ã¼ã«ãã¯ãããã©ã¼ã ä½ç¸æ¡æ£ä½ã®ä¸è¬çè¨è¿°ããªããæ¡æ£ä½ã®åã®è§åº¦å¯¸æ³ãå¢å ããã¨ãæ¡æ£ä½ããæ¡æ£ãããå ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ãå¢å ããã¨ãããã¨ãè¦åºãããã«ã«ãã£ã¼ã«ãã¯ä»¥ä¸ã®ãã¨ããããã¬ã©ã¹ããæãæ¡æ£ãã¹ã¯ã¨ãæ¼ç½ãããããã²ã³åéã«ããä½ã£ããããã©ã¼ã éã®è·é¢ãå¤ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ãã¹ããããJï¼ï¼·ï¼ã°ãããã³ã®ãã¹ãããã¯ããçµ±è¨çå å¦è£ ç½®ãï¼ã¦ã¤ãªã¤ã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ãµã¤ã¨ã³ã¹ããï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼å¹´çºè¡ï¼ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã®çµ±è¨ãã¹ããã¯ã«åã³é¨åçå¹²æ¸æ§å ã並ã³ã«æ¡æ£ä½ãç§»åãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦æ¡æ£ããã空éå¹²æ¸æ§ã®å ã®ç ç©¶ã®ããã®æç¨ãªåèæ¸ã§ãããã³ãªã¢ãã®ä»ã®ãå å¦çããã°ã©ããï¼ã¢ã«ãããã¯ãã¬ã¹ããï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼å¹´çºè¡ï¼ãæç¨ã§ãããA particular form of computer-generated diffuser called a kinoform has been investigated . Kinoform is It is a computer-generated wavefront reproducing device, and constitutes a two-dimensional image display such as a hologram. However, compared to holograms, kinoforms create a single diffraction order and do not require reference light and image separation calculations. Kinoforms are pure phases because they are based on the assumption that only phase information in the diffuse wavefront is required for the image composition of the diffuser. The kinoform is L. B. Renosem et al., âKinoform: A New Wavefront Regeneratorâ and H.M. J. Considered by Calfield in "Kinoform Diffusers". Calfield made a general description of kinoform phase diffusers and found that the angular spectrum of light diffused from a diffuser increases as the angular size of the diffuser pores increases. Calfield tested this by varying the distance between a diffusion mask made of frosted glass and a kinoform made of bleached silver halide. J. W. Goodman's test book, "Statistical optics" (published by Willy Interscience in 1985) is for the study of diffuser statistics, speckle and partially coherent light, and spatially coherent light diffused by moving a diffuser. It is a useful reference book for. Korea and other "optical holography" (published by Academic Press in 1971) are also useful.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãå¹ å¶å¾¡ããã空éå¹²æ¸æ§ã®å æºãå¾ãããæ¡æ£ä½ãååãããããã¨ãã§ãããå³ï¼ã¯åè»¢æ¡æ£ä½ ã®èª¬æå³ã§ããããã®å¹æã¯æ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«ãã£ã¦å¶éããããã¨ã¯ãªããä»»æã®åã®æ¡æ£ä½ã使ç¨ã§ããããããã®ä¾ã§ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã¯ï¼ï¼ãã¼ã³åã³ï¼¥ï¼ãã©ã«ãèãå å¦ã®åçãï¼ãã¼ã¬ã¢ã³ãã¬ã¹ããï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼å¹´çºè¡ï¼ã«ç¤ºããã¦ããããã«ã¨ã«ã´ã¼ãã®ä»®èª¬ãæºè¶³ããããååã«éãå転ããå¿ è¦ããããåè»¢æ¡æ£ä½ã«å¯¾ããåºæ¬çè¦æ±ã¯ãæ¤åºå¨ã®æå®ã®å¿çæéå ã«è¦³å¯ãããç¹ãå¤ãã®æ°ã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ãééãããã¨ã§ãããThe diffuser can be swiveled to obtain a width controlled spatially coherent light source. Figure 3 is a rotating diffuser FIG. This effect is not limited by the volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the invention and any type of diffuser can be used. In these examples, the diffuser is M. Bourne and E. It must rotate fast enough to satisfy Ergoth's hypothesis, as shown in Forf's Principles of Optics (published by Pergamon Press in 1970). The basic requirement for a rotating diffuser is that a large number of speckles will pass through the observed point within a given response time of the detector.
Thorlabs' ADAFC3 Narrow-Key-Slot Mating Sleeve has a square flange with through holes for custom assemblies or our blank connection panels. The ADAFC4 Narrow-Key-Slot Mating Sleeve is designed for the D-hole of a standard rack-mount panel, such as our fiber connection panels. To view a drawing with the recommended mounting hole pattern, click the Docs icon () below. These mating sleeves are compatible with either our square-flange or D-hole L-brackets sold below. The ADAFC3 is also available premounted in an L-bracket.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãç°ãªã屿çï¼å³ã¡ã°ã¬ã¼ãããã屿çï¼ãæããå¤å±¤ææã§ããGRINååªä½ã®ç¹æ§ã®ããã«ãææå ã®ç°ãªã屿çã®æ°ã¯å¢å ããã®ã§ãææã«æå°ãããä»»æã®å ã¯ææå ãæ¥ã«æ¹åã®å¤åããå è·¯ã§ã¯ãªãæ¹¾æ²ããå è·¯ã«æ²¿ã£ã¦å°ããããããã¯å³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«åªä½ã«ãããå ã®âããéãâé¨åã§å ãããå¤ãã®æéãè²»ããã¨ããäºå®ã«åºå ãããå³ï¼ï¼ã¯å±æçã®æãé«ãåªä½ï½1 å ã«ãããå è·¯é·ã屿çã®æãä½ãåªä½ï½3 å ã«ãããå è·¯é·ããçããã¨ã示ãã¦ããããã®ç¾è±¡ã¯ãã§ã«ãã¼ã®åçããæ¢ç¥ã§ãããThe number of different indices of refraction within a material increases, such as the property of GRIN-type media, which is a multilayer material with different indices of refraction (ie, graded index of refraction), so that any light projected onto the material will increase. Is guided in the material along a curved optical path rather than a suddenly changing optical path. This is Figure 1 In "faster" portion of the light in the medium, as shown in 4 attributed to the fact that the light spends more time. Figure 1 4 indicates that the optical path length in the medium n 1 having the highest refractive index is shorter than the optical path length in the medium n 3 having the lowest refractive index. This phenomenon is known from Fermat's principle.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ï¼£ãå¦çåã³è¨é²ã®éã®æ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«ããã屿çï½ã®å¤èª¿ã®é²è¡èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 18C is an explanatory diagram of the progress of the modulation of the refractive index n in the volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention during processing and recording.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãä¸è¨ããã¬ã©ã¹æ¡æ£ä½ã®ãããªå å¦çã«ã©ããªè¡¨é¢ã«ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ããªï¼å¹²æ¸æ§ã®ï¼å ãç §å°ããã¨ãä¸è¦åãªå¼·åº¦ã®ãã¿ã¼ã³ãå½¢æããããã¨ã¯æ¢ç¥ã§ããããã®å¼·åº¦ãã¿ã¼ã³ã¯ã¹ããã¯ã«ã¨å¼ã°ãã¦ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã¯ï¼ªï¼ï¼£ï¼ãã¤ã³ãã¤ã«ãã£ã¦è«ãããã¦ããããã«ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãå ãç §å°ãããæ¡æ£ä½ãéãã空éã«å½¢æããããç §å°ãããæ¡æ£ä½ã«ãã£ã¦ä½ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®çµ±è¨å¤ããã¤ã³ãã¤ãå«ãå¤ãã®èè ã«ãã£ã¦ç ç©¶ããã¦ããããã®ç¹ã«é¢ããæåã®è§£æã¯ï¼¬ï¼ï¼©ï¼ã´ã¼ã«ããã£ãã·ã£ã¼ã«ãããã¬ã¼ã¶ã¼ã«ãã£ã¦ä½ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ã®èªåç¸äºé¢æ°ã¨ãã¯ã¼ã¹ãã¯ãã«å¯åº¦ãã«ããã¦ãªããã¦ããããã®ç ç©¶ã«ããã¦ã´ã¼ã«ããã£ãã·ã£ã¼ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã«ããå æ¡æ£ã®ä¸è¬çæ§æåã³ã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ã®ç¹å¾´ãè¨è¼ãã¦ãããã´ã¼ã«ããã£ãã·ã£ã¼ã¯ã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ããªåè²å æºã«ãã£ã¦ç §å°ãããæ¡æ£é¢ããã®å¾æ¹æ¡æ£å ã«ãã£ã¦ç´æ¥åçãã£ã«ã ãé²å ãããããIt is known that when an optically rough surface such as the above-mentioned ground glass diffuser is irradiated with coherent (coherent) light, an irregular intensity pattern is formed. This intensity pattern is called speckle. Speckle is J. C. As discussed by Dainty, coherent light is formed in the space past the illuminated diffuser. The statistics of speckles produced by illuminated diffusers have been studied by many authors including Dane Tay. The first analysis in this regard is from L.W. I. This is done in Goldfisher, "Automatic mutual function and power spectral density of speckle patterns produced by lasers". In this work Gold Fisher describes the general composition of diffuser light diffusion and the characteristics of speckle patterns. Gold Fisher exposed the photographic film directly with back diffused light from a diffusing surface illuminated by a coherent monochromatic light source.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ°ï¼ï¼ã¯ï¼ªï¼ï½ï¼ãï¼ï½âï½o ï¼è§åº¦ä¸å¤å¼ã®ã¿ã«ä¾åãããã¨ã示ãã¦ããããã®ãã¨ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã«å¯¾ããå ã®å ¥å°è§ãå¤ããã¨æ¡æ£ä½ããã®æ¡æ£å ã®å½¢ãå¤ããããã®æ¹åã®ã¿ãå¤ãããã¨ã示ãã¦ãããå¾ã£ã¦æ¡æ£ä½ã®åãã®ã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹ãä¸è§èªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã§ããã°ãå¤è²é颿³¢åçä¾ã«ããã¦ã強度ã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹ã¯ä¸è§èªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã®ã¾ã¾ã§ããããåè²å ã®ä¾ã®ããã®å³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãå¦ã夫ã ç°ãªãå ¥å°è§æ¯ã«ã·ãããããåºããã®ç¨åº¦ãæ¨å®ããããã«æ°ï¼ï¼ã®ï¼¸ä¾åä½ç¸é ã¯æ°ï¼ ï¼ã®å½¢ã¨èãããããEquation 38 shows that J (s) depends only on the (s-s o ) angle invariant. This indicates that when the incident angle of light on the diffuser changes, the shape of the diffused light from the diffuser does not change and only the direction changes. Therefore, if the initial response of the diffuser is a trigonometric autocorrelation function, the intensity response remains the trigonometric autocorrelation function even in the polychromatic non-surface wave reproduction example, but as shown in FIG. 20 for the monochromatic light example. It shifts for each different incident angle. X dependent phase term number 38 in order to estimate the extent of the spread number 3 It is considered to be 9 shape.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®äºéèªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of a dual autocorrelation function of a volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention.
Our CAPF1 and CAPT1 Metal Caps, sold separately, are designed to protect the FC/PC and ST/PC ends of the mating sleeve, respectively.
We recommend engaging at least two threads for stability when using a custom mount, with thread locker (Loctite) as an option for permanent solutions. If tapping a hole is not an option, the adapters can also be epoxied in place.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãå³ï¼ã¯è¨é²ã®èª¬æå³ã§ããããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã¯ä¾ãã°ããã¬ã©ã¹ã®å½¢ã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ï¼ï¼ãæããåï¼ï¼ã¨é®æé¢ï¼ï¼ã¨ãæããåï¼ï¼ã®é«ãã¯ï¼·ãå¹ ã¯ï¼¬ã§ããã颿°ï¼°ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ã¯åï¼ï¼ã®ãµã¤ãºã¨å½¢ç¶ã示ãããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã«ã¯ã¬ã¼ã¶ã¼ã®ãããªã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãå ï¼ï¼ãæå°ããããå ã¯ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã®åï¼ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦æ¡æ£ããè·é¢ï½ã ãã¯ãªãã¦ããããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã«åãã£ã¦é²ãããã®ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã«åãã£ã¦é²ãå ã¯ç°ãªãæ¯å¹ åã³æ¹åãæãã種ã ã®ãã¯ãã«ã«ãã£ã¦ç¹å®ãããã¨ãã§ãããå ã¯ä¾ãã°éã¯ãã é ¸ã¼ã©ãã³ï¼ï¼¤ï¼£ï¼§ï¼åã¯ããããªãã¼ããæãããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼å ã«è¨é²ããããããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼å ã«è¨é²ãããä»»æã®ï¼ã¤ã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ä½ç½®ã¯ãã®ï½åã³ï½æåã«ãã£ã¦ç¤ºãããæ¡æ£å ã®æ¹åã¯åä½ãã¯ãã«ï½ï¼ï½x ï¼ï½y ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦ç¤ºããããFIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of recording. The mask diffuser 20 has a hole 22 with speckles 24, for example in the form of frosted glass, and a blocking surface 26, the height of the hole 22 being W and the width being L. The function P (u, v) indicates the size and shape of the hole 22. Coherent light 28 such as a laser is projected on the mask diffuser 20. The light is diffused by the holes 22 in the mask diffuser and travels towards the holographic diffuser 30, which is separated by a distance h. The light traveling towards this holographic diffuser 30 can be specified by various vectors having different amplitudes and directions. The light is recorded in a holographic diffuser 30, which may be, for example, dichromated gelatin (DCG) or a photopolymer. Holographic diffuser 3 The position of any one speckle recorded in 0 is indicated by its x and y components, and the direction of the diffuse light is indicated by the unit vector s (s x , s y ).
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãå¾ãããå¾ã¯æ¡æ£å ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãå³ã¡ãæ¡æ£ä½ããã®æ¡æ£å ã®ãµã¤ãºã¯ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºããæ±ºå®ã§ãããæ¬æ¥ã¯ãæ¡æ£å ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãæè¨ããã°æ¡æ£å ã®è§åº¦åå¸ã¯ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®å¹³åãµã¤ãºåã³å½¢ã«ä¾åãããã¨ãäºæ³ã§ãããè¥ãã¹ããã¯ã«ãå°ããã¨ãè§åº¦åå¸ã¯åºããè¥ãã¹ããã¯ã«ãµã¤ãºãæ°´å¹³æ¹åã«æ¥åãªãã°è§åº¦åå¸ã®å½¢ã¯åç´æ¹åã«æ¥åã®ãã®ã¨ãªããAfter the speckle size is obtained, the size of the angular spectrum of the diffused light, that is, the size of the diffused light from the diffuser can be determined from the speckle size. Originally, it can be expected that the size of the angular spectrum of diffused light, in other words, the angular distribution of diffused light depends on the average size and shape of speckles. If the speckle is small, the angular distribution is wide. If the speckle size is an ellipse in the horizontal direction, the shape of the angular distribution will be an ellipse in the vertical direction.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã説æã®ä¾¿å®ä¸ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®åçæ¹æ³ãå³ã¡ç §æãåãã«èª¬æããæ¬¡ãã§è¨é²æ¹æ³ã説æãããFor convenience of explanation, the reproducing method of the holographic diffuser 30, that is, the illumination will be described first, and then the recording method will be described.
Flat FC/PC connectors are significantly less alignment sensitive than their angled FC/APC counterparts, making these wide-key-slot mating sleeves acceptable for narrow and wide key FC/PC connectors. Although these mating sleeves are mechanically compatible with narrow key FC/APC connectors, the wide-key slot makes it difficult to properly align the angled, narrow key FC/APC connector. For FC/APC applications, we therefore recommend the narrow-key-slot mating sleeves shown immediately below. All FC/PC and FC/APC patch cables manufactured by Thorlabs use narrow key connectors.
ã徿¥ã®æè¡ãç©ä½ãå¤ãã®æ¹åããç §å°ããããã«ã¯å ã®æ¡æ£ä½ãç¨ãããã¦ããã徿¥ã®æ¡æ£è£ ç½®ã®ä¸»ãªãã®ã¯ããã¬ã©ã¹åã¯åçä¹³å¤ããä½ãããã¾ã徿¥ã®ä¸»ãªæ¡æ£ä½ã¯å æºè¿ãã«é ç½®ãããããã¬ã©ã¹æ¿åã¯ä»ã®ã©ããªé¢åã¯ã¤ãæ¶ãé»çã®å¤å´é¢ã§ãããããã¬ã©ã¹åã¯ä¹³ç½ã¬ã©ã¹æ¡æ£ä½ã¯åºãè§åº¦ã«äºãå ãåä¸ã«æ¡æ£ãããããï¼ï¼ï¼ªï¼ã©ãã¼ãã¨ï¼¡ï¼ï¼³ï¼ãã©ã»ã¤ããå¼±ãæ¡æ£ã®ã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ãã§è«ãã¦ãããã¤ãºå¹æãå¹³ååããããã«ç¨ãããã¦ãããLight diffusers are used to illuminate objects from many directions. The predominant conventional diffuser is made from frosted glass or photographic emulsion, and the predominant conventional diffuser is a frosted glass plate or other rough surface located near the light source or the outer surface of a frosted bulb. Since frosted glass or opalescent glass diffusers diffuse light evenly over a wide angle, M.P. J. Lahart and A. S. It is used to average out the noise effect discussed by Malassey in "Weakly Diffuse Image Speckle Patterns".
The table below gives data on the decrease in signal loss when using the gel. Each syringe comes with 3 cc of index matching gel. This index matching gel can also be used to refill our fiber-to-fiber splice kits.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºæã«ããã¦ã¯çè«çã«å¹çåã³ï¼³ï¼ï¼®æ¯ã«ä¸è¨ã®ãããªå¶éã®ãªãDCGã®ãããªä½ç©ä½ç¸ææã使ç¨ããããã®ææã¯æ¥µãã¦é«ãå¹çã示ããå¹çãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ ã®ããã°ã©ããã©ã¼ï¼¤ï¼£ï¼§ããã°ã©ã ãå¾ããã¨ã¯å®¹æã§ãããããã¯å±æçå¤èª¿ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã«é«ãããããã¯æ¥µãã¦é«ããã¤ãããã¯ã¬ã³ã¸ã§ããè§£å度ã§ãããDCGãé©å½ã«å¦çãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ã¬ã©ã¹ã®ããã«éæã«ãããã¨ãã§ããããããDCGä½ç©ä½ç¸ææåã³ï¼¤ï¼£ï¼§ï¼ããªãã°ã©ããåæç©ã¨é«å¹çãã©ãããªãã®éè¦ãªç¹æ§ã¯é«å¹çæ¡æ£ä½ã®å®ç¨çéçºåã³è£½é ã«ã¨ã£ã¦éè¦ã§ãããIn the present invention, theoretically, efficiency and S / N are A volume phase material such as DCG is used, which has no limitation on the ratio as described above. This material shows extremely high efficiency. It is easy to obtain a holographic mirror DCG hologram with an efficiency of 99.99%. This increases the index modulation to 0.15. This is an extremely high dynamic range and resolution. The DCG can be made glassy transparent by appropriate treatment. The important properties of these DCG volume phase materials and DCG / polymer graft composites and high efficiency photopolymers are important for the practical development and manufacture of high efficiency diffusers.
Bulkhead AdaptersThorlabs' FC/PC, SMA, and ST/PC Bulkhead Adapters contain one connector for applications that require the projection of light into free space (the ST/PC adapters are also available in packs of ten). Their compact size and mounting threads make them ideal for OEM or custom applications. Our FC/PC and SMA bulkhead adapters boast a one-piece construction that integrates easily with a custom application, while a compatible 3/8"-24 lock nut is sold separately for the ST/PC bulkhead adapter for OEM applications. The design of the adapters aligns the front face of the connector ferrule with the rear surface of the adapter. This allows the fiber to be placed in near-physical contact with any optics or instruments that are placed after the adapter.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºæã®ä»ã®å®æ½ä¾ã«ããã¦ã¯ã¬ã³ãºãæããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ãè¨é²ããããã®å®æ½ä¾ã§ã¯å³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«ããªã¬ã©ã¹æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã¨ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼éã«ã¬ã³ãºï¼ï¼ãé ç½®ããããã®ã¬ã³ãºï¼ï¼ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ã®è¨é²ã®éç¹ã«è¨é²ã¬ã¼ã¶ã¼å ã®å å¦å¼·åº¦ãç¶æãããã¨ã«é¢é£ãã¦è¨é²æ¹æ³ã®å¹çãå¢ãããç¨ããããããã®ã¬ã³ãºï¼ï¼ã¯ã¬ã³ãºã®ç¦ç¹è·é¢ï½ã«çããã ãæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ããé¢ãã¦è¨ç½®ãããä¸è¨è§£æã«é¢é£ãã¦ä¸è¿°ããå¼ä¸ã®ï¼¨ãä¸è¨ç¦ç¹è·é¢ï½ã«ç½®æãããã¨ãã§ããããã®ä¾ã§ã¯æ°ï¼ã®ï¼°ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ã¯ã¬ã³ãºã®ãã¼ãåã«ãã£ã¦ç¤ºãããï½ã¯ï½ã«ãã£ã¦ç½®æããããå¾ã£ã¦æ°ï¼ï¼ãï¼ï¼ã¯ã³ãªã¢ä»èãå å¦ããã°ã©ãã£ãï¼ã¢ã«ããã¼ãã¬ã¹ããï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼å¹´çºè¡ï¼ã«å¿ãã¦æ°ï¼ ï¼ï¼æ°ï¼ï¼ãå¾ããããIn another embodiment of the invention, a volume holographic diffuser with a lens is recorded. In this embodiment, the lens 50 is arranged between the ground glass diffuser 52 and the holographic diffuser 54 as shown in FIG. This lens 50 Is used to increase the efficiency of the recording method during recording of the diffuser 54, especially in connection with maintaining the optical intensity of the recording laser light. The lens 50 is placed away from the diffuser 54 by an amount equal to the focal length f of the lens. H in the above equation in connection with the above analysis can be replaced with the focal length f. In this example, P (u, v) in Eq. 9 is indicated by the aperture in the lens and h is replaced by f. Therefore, the numbers 17 to 19 are "optical holography" by Korea et al. Number 2 according to (issued by Academy Press in 1971) 5 , equation 26 is obtained.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãããã§ï½ï½ï½ï½ï¼Î¶ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ï½Ïζï¼Ïζã§ãããæ°ï¼ï¼ã¯å³ï¼ï¼ã§ç¤ºãããï½ï½ï½ï½é¢æ°ã§ãããæ¡æ£ä½ã«è¨é²ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®å½¢ã説æãã¦ãããå³ï¼ï¼ã«ããã¦ï½ï½ï½ï½é¢æ°ã®æåã®é¶ã¯âï½x0ã¨ï½x0ã®ä½ç½®ã§ãããä¸è¨ã®æ°ï¼ï¼ãèãããHere, sinc (ζ) = sin Ïζ / Ïζ Is. Equation 14 is the sinc function shown in FIG. 10, and explains the shape of the speckle recorded in the diffuser. In FIG. 10, the first zero of the sinc function is the position of -f x0 and f x0 . Consider the following equation 15 .
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãé常ã®ã¤ãæ¶ãã¬ã©ã¹ã®ãããªå¾æ¥ã®æ¡æ£ä½ã«ä»£ãã¦æ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããæ¡æ£ä½ãç¨ãããã¨ãã§ãããé常ã®ã¤ãæ¶ãã¬ã©ã¹æ¡æ£ä½ã¯å ãåçç¶ãã¿ã¼ã³ã«æ¡æ£ã§ããã®ã¿ã§ããããã®æ¡æ£ãéæããããå¶å¾¡ãããã¨ãå°é£ã§ããé¡å¾®é¡çãªä¸è¦åæ§ãæãã表é¢ããããå©ç¨ãã¦ãããå¾ã£ã¦ç¹æ®ãªæ¡æ£ãã¿ã¼ã³ãä½ããã¨ã¯ä¸å¯è½ã§ãããããã«åããæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ãã æ¡æ£ä½ã«ã¯ä½ç©ããã°ã©ã å ã®å±æçã®å¤åãè¨é²ããã¦ãããå ã®å½¢ç¶ãå¤ããã¾ã¶ããã®ãªãå æºãä½ããã¨ãã§ãããããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«ä¸¸ããã©ãã·ã¥ã©ã¤ããç §å°ãã¦æ¥åå½¢ã®ç §æãã¿ã¼ã³ãå¾ããã¨ãã§ããã徿¥ã¯ãã©ãã·ã¥ã©ã¤ãã«æ¥ååå°é¡ã使ç¨ããã¦ããããæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããæ¡æ£ä½ã§ã¯ç¾åã®åå°é¡ãç¨ãã¦æ¥åç §æãã¿ã¼ã³ãå¾ããã¨ãã§ãããæ´ã«æ¬çºæã®æ¡æ£ä½ã§ã¯æ¥µãã¦å»ä¾¡ã«å ãåçç¶ã«æ¡æ£ããé常ï¼ï¼ãï¼ï¼Â°ã®ä¸éè§åº¦ã«åºãããã¨ãã§ãããThe diffuser according to the method of the present invention can be used in place of the conventional diffuser such as ordinary frosted glass. Conventional frosted glass diffusers can only diffuse light into a hemispherical pattern and take advantage of surface roughness with microscopic irregularities that are difficult to control to achieve this diffusion. Therefore, it is impossible to create a special diffusion pattern. On the contrary, the change of the refractive index in the volume hologram is recorded in the diffuser according to the method of the present invention, and the shape of the light can be changed to make a light source without glare. The holographic diffuser can be illuminated with a round flashlight to obtain an elliptical illumination pattern. Conventionally, an elliptical reflecting mirror is used in a flashlight, but the diffuser according to the method of the present invention can use an existing reflecting mirror to obtain an elliptical illumination pattern. Furthermore, the diffuser of the present invention diffuses light into a hemispherical shape at an extremely low cost, and usually has a value of 20 Can be extended to an intermediate angle of 80 °.
Ceramic mating sleeves are durable and can be easily cleaned in an autoclave. Phosphor bronze mating sleeves are opaque and slightly malleable, offering less light leakage into the environment and a lower disconnection force compared to ceramic sleeves. Phosphor bronze sleeves may also be crimped for a more secure connection. Ceramic sleeves are available individually or in packs of five, while phosphor bronze sleeves come in packs of five.
Thorlabs' ADAFCST1 Mating Sleeve mates an FC/PC-terminated single mode (SM) or multimode (MM) fiber to an ST/PC-terminated SM or MM fiber by bringing the tips into physical contact. It features a 2.2 mm wide-key-slot FC/PC connector and can be mounted in custom assemblies, our blank connection panels, or our square-flange L-brackets (sold below) for compatibility with 1/4"-20 (M6) mechanical assemblies. To view a drawing with the recommended mounting hole pattern, click the Docs icon() below.
The HAST adapter is a 0.58" (14.8 mm) long adapter for use with ST/PC terminated fiber optic patch cables. It has 0.18" (4.6 mm) of external 3/8"-24 external threads. The LN3824 Lock Nut, which has internal 3/8"-24 threads, may be purchased separately for mounting within OEM or custom systems. Both the HAST adapter and LN3824 are also available in packs of ten.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãããã§ï¼°ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ã¯ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã®åï¼ï¼ã®é¢æ°ã§ãããæ°ï¼ãæ°ï¼ã«ä»£å ¥ããã°æ°ï¼ãå¾ããããHere, P (u, v) is the hole 2 of the mask diffuser. It is a function of 2. By substituting equation 5 into equation 1 , equation 7 is obtained.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã以ä¸ã¯ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãåã®é«ãï¼·ã¨å¹ Lã«å¤«ã 忝ä¾ãããã¨ã示ããå³ï¼ï¼ï¼åã³å³ï¼ï¼ã«ããã¦ãåã®ãµã¤ãºãå¢å ããã°ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãæ¸å°ããæ¡æ£å ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãå ãå¢å ãããããã¨å対ã«ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã®ãµã¤ãºãæ¸å°ããã°æ¡æ£ä½ã«è¨é²ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãå¢å ããæ¡æ£ä½ããã®æ¡æ£å ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãæ¸å°ãããå¾ã£ã¦ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åãé·ãçãå ´åã«ã¯ã¹ããã¯ã«ã¯é·ãçããªãããã®é·è»¸ã¯åã®é·è»¸ã«ç´è§æ¹åã¨ãªãããã®ãã¨ã¯æ¬çºæã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã¨è¡¨é¢ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®ä¸¡æ¹ã«ãã¦ã¯ã¾ããThe above shows that the size of the speckle is inversely proportional to the height W and the width L of the hole, respectively. FIG. 12 (and FIG. 8) In, when the size of the hole increases, the size of the speckle decreases, and the size of the angular spectrum of the diffused light increases slightly. On the contrary, if the size of the mask diffuser hole is decreased, the size of the speckle recorded on the diffuser is increased, and the size of the angular spectrum of the diffused light from the diffuser is decreased. Therefore, when the mask diffuser hole is long and narrow, the speckle becomes long and narrow, and its major axis is perpendicular to the major axis of the hole. This applies to both the volume holographic diffusers and the surface holographic diffusers of the present invention.
The optical coupling compound G608N3 has been formulated with the requisite optical properties of clarity, purity, and refractive index to minimize signal losses while allowing pliable mechanical connections between rigid parts. Unlike a rigid optical epoxy, this pliable gel is viscoelastic and can take up the differential thermal expansion of precision optical parts without inducing excessive stresses or delamination. Residue may be cleaned from fiber tips using methanol or isopropyl alcohol.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãããã§ï½ã¯ä¼æé¢æ°ã§å ã®å¼·åº¦ã«æ¯ä¾ããï¼¢ã¯æ¯ä¾å®æ°ãIã¯å¼·åº¦å¤èª¿ã§ãããä¸è¨å¼·åº¦å¤èª¿ã¯ã·ã¹ãã ã«ãããä»»æã®ãã¤ã¢ã¹ã¬ãã«å¼·åº¦ãç¡è¦ãããã®ã¨å®ç¾©ãããå¾ã£ã¦ï¼·ï¼ï½ï¼ã¯æ°ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦ç¤ºããã¨ãã§ãããWhere t is a propagator and is proportional to the intensity of light, B is a constant of proportionality, and I is intensity modulation. The intensity modulation is defined as ignoring any bias level intensity in the system. Therefore, W (r) can be expressed by Equation 4 .
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã®æ´ã«ä»ã®å®æ½ä¾ã«ããã¦ã¯å³ ï¼ï¼å³ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«ä¼æååã¯åå°åã®ä½ããã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ãç¨ãããå³ï¼ã®ä¾ã§ã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã«ãã®å·¦å´ããå ¥å°ããå ã¯ãã®å³å´ããå¤ãã®æ¹åã«æ¡æ£ããããå³ï¼ã®ä¾ã§ã¯å ã¯å ¥å°å ã«å¯¾ãã¦åå¯¾ã®æ¹åã«æ¡æ£ããããããã¯æ¡æ£ä½ã®ä¸æ¹ã®å´ããã®ä¾ã§ã¯å³å´ã«éå±åå°é¢ä¾ãã°é¡ãå½¢æãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦éæã§ããããã®ä¾ã§ã¯å ¥å°å ã¯åªä½å ã§ææã®å±æçã®å¤ãã®å¤åã«ãã£ã¦åæãããæ¬¡ã«éå±åå°é¢ããåå°ãããææå ã®å±æçã®å¤ãã®å¤åã«ãã£ã¦åã³åæãããæ¡æ£ä½ã®å å ¥å°é¢ã¨åä¸ã®é¢ããå ¥å°å ã¨ã¯å¹³è¡ã§ãªãæ¹åã«æ¾å°ããããIn yet another embodiment of the method of the present invention, 1. As shown in FIG. 2 , either a propagation type or a reflection type volume holographic diffuser is used. In the example of FIG. 1 , light incident on the diffuser from its left side is diffused in many directions from its right side. In the example of FIG. 2 , light is diffused in the opposite direction to the incident light. This can be accomplished by forming a metal reflective surface, eg a mirror, on one side of the diffuser, in this example the right side. In this example, the incident light is diffracted in the medium by many changes in the index of refraction of the material and then reflected from the metal reflective surface It is diffracted again by many changes in the index of refraction in the material and is emitted from the same plane as the light incident surface of the diffuser in a direction that is not parallel to the incident light.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãä½ç©ããã°ã©ãææå ã®ãã®ç¾è±¡ã¯ãã¢ã«ãããã¯ãã¬ã¹ããï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼å¹´ã«çºè¡ãããDï¼ãã¼ã«ã¹èãå 伿å å¦ãã®ãããªéç©å å¦ããã¹ãã§æ¢ç¥ã®ï¼§ï¼²ï¼©ï¼®å å¦çè«ã«å¿ããGRINï¼ã°ã¬ã¼ãããã屿çï¼åªä½ã®ããã«çãããã¹ããã¯ã«ãè¨é²ãããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãåªä½ã¯ãLs ãAx ããæ¥µãã¦å¤§ããçç±ããGRINã¬ã³ãºã®ããã«ããªãéå質ã§ãããå¾ã£ã¦æ¬çºæã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãåªä½ã¯ç´ç²ä½ç¸ã®é«åº¦ã«éå質ã®ï¼§ï¼²ï¼©ï¼®åªä½ã¨ãã¦ç¹å®ãããã¨ãã§ãããThis phenomenon in volume holographic materials is described in D.P., published in 1980 by Academic Press. It occurs like a GRIN (graded index of refraction) medium in accordance with the GRIN optical theory known in integrated optical texts, such as "Light Propagation Optics" by Marcus. Speckle-recorded volume holographic media are fairly inhomogeneous, like GRIN lenses, because L s is much larger than A x . Accordingly, the volume holographic media of the present invention can be identified as pure phase, highly inhomogeneous GRIN media.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãããã§ï½x ï¼ï½ï¼Î»ï½ã§ï½y ï¼ï½ï¼Î»ï½ã§ãããç©å½¢åã®é¢æ°ï¼°ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ï¼ï½ï½ ï½ï½ ï½ï¼ï¼¬ã»ï½ï½ ï½ï½ ï½ï¼ï¼·ã§ãããæ°ï¼ï¼ãå°ããããHere, f x = x / λh and f y = y / λh, and the function P (u, v) of the rectangular hole = rect u / L · rect u / W, and Equation 14 is derived.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºæã®æ¡æ£ä½ã®è£½é æ¹æ³ã«ããã°ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«ç §å°ãããå¹³è¡å ãä¸è¦åã«åºãç¯å²ã®æ¹åã«æ¡æ£ããä½ç©æ¡æ£ãä»ãã¦ã¨ã³ãããã¤åã¯å ã®ä¸è¦åããå¢å¤§ãããããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦æ¡æ£å ã®æ¹åæ§ï¼è§åº¦é ç½®ï¼ãå¶å¾¡ã§ãããä½ç©æ¡æ£ã«ãã£ã¦æ¡æ£ä½ã¯ãæ¬¡ç¬¬ã«æ¡ãã£ãæ¡æ£åªä½ãéãå è·¯ã«ç´¯ç©å¹æãå¾ããã¨ãã§ãããããã¬ã©ã¹ã¾ãã¯ããã¬ã¸ã¹ã颿¡æ£ä½ãåã³æ¼ç½ããã²ã³åéã®éç²åã«ã¿ãããéãç¸åã¯å¢çãç¨ãã¦å ãæ¡æ£ãã代ããã«ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã¯ãã¹ããã¯ã«ãè¨é²ããæ¡æ£ä½ã®æ»ããã«å¤åãã屿çé¨åããå ãæ¡æ£ããã According to the method for manufacturing a diffuser of the present invention, the parallel light radiated to the diffuser is diffused irregularly in a wide range of directions, and entropy or irregularity of light is increased through volume diffusion. Direction of diffused light (angle arrangement) Can be controlled. Volume diffusion allows the diffuser to have a cumulative effect on the optical path through the gradually expanding diffusion medium. Instead of diffusing light using frosted glass or photoresist surface diffusers and the sharp edges or boundaries found in bleached silver halide silver particles, the volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention uses a speckle-recorded diffuser. Diffuses light from the smoothly varying index of refraction.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ°ï¼ã¯ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ï¼ï¼ä¼æã®èªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã§ãããè¨å·ï¼ã¨ãï¼ã®éã¯å ¨ä½å¹³åãï½ã¯ï½ï¼ï½ç©ºéå ã®ï¼ï¼¤ãã¯ãã«ã§ãï¼ã¤ã®é¢æ°ãå³ã¡ã·ãã颿°ã¨éã·ãã颿°ãã©ã®ããã«ç¸é¢åã¯ãªã¼ãã¼ã©ãããããã示ããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºãå°ããããï¼ã¤ã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãªã¼ãã¼ã©ããããé¢ç©ãå°ãããç´ç·è¿ä¼¼ã«ããã°æ¡æ£ä½ä¼æã¯ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®è¨é²ã®éã§ã¯å å¼·åº¦ã«æ¯ä¾ãç´ç·åçè¨é²ãä»®å®ãã¦æ°ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦ç¤ºãããã[0021] The number 2 is the autocorrelation function of the holographic diffuser 30 propagation, symbols during the whole average, r is x, A 2D vector in y-space shows how two functions, shift and non-shift, are correlated or overlap. Since the speckle size is small, the area where two speckles overlap is also small. According to the linear approximation, diffuser propagation is proportional to light intensity during holographic diffuser recording and is shown by equation 3 assuming linear photographic recording.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¤åºå¨å¿çæéï½åã³æ¡æ£ä½ã®ä»ã®ãã¤ãããã¯ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ãä¾ãã°ç·é度νï¼åã³æ¤åºå¨å¿çæéå ã«ãã³ãã¼ã«ãééããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®æ°ï¼®ã¯æ°ï¼ï¼ ã§ç¤ºãããã[0146] Detector other dynamic parameters of the response time t and diffuser, for example, the linear velocity [nu, and the number N of speckles through the pinhole in the detector response time is several 46 Indicated by.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãã³ãã¼ã¬ã³ãå ã«ãã£ã¦é²å ãããä¸è¦åãªæ§æã®æ¡æ£ä½ã«ãã£ã¦çºçãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ä½ç½®ã強度åã¯ãµã¤ãºãäºæ³ãããã¨ã¯ä¸å¯è½ã§ãããçµ±è¨ç平忹æ³ããã¡ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®å¹³åãµã¤ãºï¼ï½ï½ï½ï¼ãå®ãããã¨ã¯å¯è½ã§ããããã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºã¯ãã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®å ¨åãä½ããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã®å¹¾ä½å¦çå½¢ç¶ã«é¢é£ãããæ¬æ¥ã¯ããã®ç¾è±¡ã®ï¼ã¤ã®è§£æã«ããå³ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«åç´é«ãï½ã¨æ¨ªå¹ ï½ãæããå½¢ç¶ï¼°ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ãæããç°ãªããµã¤ãºã®æ¡æ£ä½ã®ããã«çµè«ãåºããããã®ã§ããããæ¡æ£ä½ã«ãã£ã¦ä½ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã¯è¥ãåã®è§åº¦ãµã¤ãºãããå°ãããã°ãã大ãããªããå³ã¡ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®å ¨é¢ç©ãå°ãããã°åã®è§åº¦ãµã¤ãºã¯å°ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã¯å¤§ãããªããããã¨ã¯éã«åã大é¢ç©ã§ããã°æ¡æ£ä½ã«ãã£ã¦ä½ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®å¹³åãµã¤ãºã¯æ¸å°ãããThe location of the speckle produced by the diffuser of irregular composition exposed by the coherent light, It is not possible to predict intensity or size, but it is possible to determine the average size (rms) of speckle by using the statistical averaging method. The size of this speckle is related to the geometry of the mask diffuser holes that make up the entire speckle. Originally, one solution to this phenomenon would be to conclude for different sized diffusers having a shape P (u, v) with vertical height v and lateral width u as shown in FIG. However, the speckle created by the diffuser is larger if the angular size of the holes is smaller. That is, the smaller the total area of the diffuser, the smaller the angular size of the hole and the larger the speckle. On the contrary, if the pores have a large area, the average size of the speckle created by the diffuser decreases.
Each mating sleeve includes two protective caps that shield the connectors from dust and other contaminants. These caps should be removed before use. The CAPF1 metal cap is also available for use when these mating sleeves are mounted into our L-Brackets, sold below.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¡æ£ä½å ã«è¨é²ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºã¯ãã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã®ãµã¤ãºããæ±ºå®ãããããã®æ±ºå®ã¯ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«è¨é²ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã®ãµã¤ãºã¨å½¢ç¶ãæ¡æ£ä½ããã®æ¡æ£å ã®å¼·åº¦ãå®ãããã®ã§ããçç±ããéè¦ãªãã¨ã§ãããæ°ï¼ã¯æ°ï¼ï¼ã®ãããªå½¢ã¨ãããã¨ãã§ãããThe size of the speckle recorded in the diffuser is determined from the size of the mask diffuser hole. This determination is important because the size and shape of the speckle recorded on the diffuser determines the intensity of the diffused light from the diffuser. Equation 6 can be shaped like Equation 13 .
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãï½ã¯ï½ï¼ï½ï¼ï½æ¹åã§å®ãããã®ã§ããããï½ã¯åä½ãã¯ãã«ã§ãããå³ã¡ï½ï½ï½ï¼ï¼ã§ããããèªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã®ããã«ï½æ¹åãç¹å®ããå¿ è¦ã¯ãªãã伿颿°ï½ã¯ï½ï¼ï½Â´ï¼ï½ï¼ã«ãããããã«ï½Â´ã®éã«ãã£ã¦å·¦å³ã«ã·ããããããæ°ï¼ã¯ãããã¤ã¢ã¹ã¬ãã«ã®ä¸ã¾ãã¯ä¸ã«å¼·åº¦ãå¤èª¿ããã¾ãã¯å¤åãããã¨ã«ã®ã¿ä¾åãããAlthough s is defined in the x, y and z directions, it is not necessary to specify the z direction for the autocorrelation function since s is a unit vector, that is | s | = 1. The propagator t is shifted left and right by the amount of r'as in t (r '+ r). Equation 4 depends only on the intensity modulating or changing above or below some bias level.
If a custom or OEM solution is not desired, the adapters are also available mounted within unthreaded and SM-threaded disks (sold above) for compatibility with our lens tube systems. Fiber and bulkhead caps are also available for preventing damage to the terminated fiber when it is not in use. For OEM inquiries, please contact techsales@thorlabs.com.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãä¾ãã°ãï½ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼¨ï½ã«ããã¦ãï½ï¼ï¼ï½ï¼Î½ï¼ï¼Ïï½ã»ï½âï¼ï¼ï¼ï½ï¼ï½ï½ ï½ã§ããã䏿¹ï½ï¼ï¼ã»ï¼ï¼8 ï¼ï½ï½ ï½ã§ãÎγï¼Î³ï¼ï¼ã»ï¼ï¼2 ï¼ï¼ã»ï¼ï¼8 ï¼ï¼ã»ï¼ï¼-6ï¼Îλï¼Î»ã§ãããλï¼ï¼Î¼ï½ï¼ï¼ï¼4 ãªã³ã°ã¹ããã¼ã ãÎλï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãªã³ã°ã¹ããã¼ã ã«ããã¦æ°ï¼ï¼ãå¾ãããã For example, at f = 100 Hz, r = 1 m, ν = 2Ïf · râ600 m / sec. Meanwhile, c = In 3 · 10 8 / sec, Îγ / γ <6 · 10 2/3 · 10 8 = 2 · 10 -6 = Îλ / λ. λ = 1 μm = 1 At 0 4 à , Îλ = 0.02 à , the equation 63 is obtained.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãææå ã®ãã®ãããªå¢çãæ¶ãå¿ è¦ããããã¨ã¯æããã§ãããããã¯æ¬çºæã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½å ã®å±æçãæ»ããã«å¤åãããããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦éæã§ãããæ¡æ£ä½ã«è¨é²ããã¹ããã¯ã«ã¯ããã²ã³åéã®æ¡æ£ä½ã®ãããªææå ã®ç²åã«ãã£ã¦ãåã¯è¡¨é¢ã®ãããã«ãã£ã¦ã¯æ±ºå®ã§ããªãããææå ã®å±æçã®å¤åããå¢çã«ãã£ã¦äºæ¸¬ä¸è½ã«ä½ããããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«è¨é²ãããã¹ããã¯ã«ã¯âçã®âã¹ããã¯ã«ã§ãããæ¬çºæã®å¥½ã¾ããå¦çæ¹æ³ã以ä¸ã«èª¬æãããClearly, it is necessary to eliminate such boundaries in the material, which can be achieved by smoothly varying the index of refraction within the volume holographic diffuser of the present invention. The speckle recorded in the diffuser cannot be determined by the grains in the material, such as the silver halide diffuser, or by the surface roughness, but is made unpredictable by the changing boundaries of the refractive index within the material. The speckle recorded on the volume holographic diffuser is the "true" speckle. The preferable processing method of the present invention will be described below.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åã¨ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ããã®æ¡æ£ä½ã®è§åº¦åå¸ã®ç¸å¯¾ãµã¤ãºã示ã説æå³ã§ãããFIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the relative size of the angular distribution of the diffuser from the mask diffuser hole and the volume holographic diffuser.
Vacuum Compatibility InformationOur vacuum-compatible adapter is chemically cleaned and prepared for vacuum applications before packaging. It is compatible directly out of the packaging with vacuum environments down to 10-10 Torr. With additional cleaning and processing, it can be used at even lower pressures, only limited by the outgassing rate of the stainless steel. The material properties of the stainless steel and the cleaning methods completed by the end user should be used to determine the appropriateness of these products and materials in a specific vacuum system. Please note that using caps or panels not rated for vacuum applications with the ADASMAV is not recommended.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®äºéåè¨é²ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of double hole recording of a volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention.
Thorlabs' ADALC1 Mating Sleeve connects two LC/PC-terminated fiber optic cables, as seen in the image to the right. The sleeve incorporates two tabs that snap into place when inserted into a panel.
Each mating sleeve includes two protective caps that shield the connectors from dust and other contaminants. These caps should be removed before use. Please note that the size of these caps may vary from lot to lot. The CAPF1 metal cap is also available for use when these mating sleeves are mounted into our L-Brackets, sold below.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã好ã¾ããæ åã¹ã¯ãªã¼ã³ã®ä¾ã¯æ°ï¼ï¼åã³æ°ï¼ï¼ã«ããã¦ï¼¡x ï¼ï¼Î»ï½ï¼ï¼¬ï¼ï¼¡y ï¼ï¼Î»ï½ï¼ï¼·ã¨ãããããã§ï¼¡x ã¨ï¼¡y ã¯å¤«ã Xåã³ï¼¹æ¹åã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ã®å¹³åçµ±è¨çãµã¤ãºï¼æ¡æ£ä¸å¿ï¼ãå®ãããæ åã¹ã¯ãªã¼ã³ã§ã¯ããåºãè¦éã¨æ°´å¹³æ¹åã®è§£å度ãæã¾ãããããAy ã¯ï¼¡x ãã大ãããå¾ã£ã¦ï¼·ãLããå°ãããã¨ãå¿ è¦ã§ãããä¾ãã°ï½ï¼ï¼¬ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã§ããã°ï¼¡x âï¼Î»ã§ãããã¯æ°ãã¯ãã³ã§ããã微細ãªãã¿ã¼ã³ã¯ç¼ã«ã¯è¦ããªããExamples of preferable projection screens are A x = 2λh / L and A y = 2λh / W in Equations 16 and 17 . Here, A x and A y respectively define the average statistical size (diffusion center) of speckles in the X and Y directions. Since a wider field of view and horizontal resolution is desired for projection screens, it is necessary that A y be greater than A x and W be less than L. For example, if h / L = 5/2, A x â5λ, which is a few microns, and the fine pattern is invisible to the eye.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãå¤è²å ã®ä¾ã§ã¯æ³¢é·ã·ããã®å¹æã¨è§åº¦ã·ããã®å¹æãæ¯è¼ããããæ°ï¼ï¼ã®ä½ç¸é ã¯ï½x ã¨Î»ã«é¢ãã¦å¾®åããããÎΦï¼ï¼ã¨ä»®å®ããã°ç価è§åº¦ã·ããã¯æ°ï¼ï¼åã³æ°ï¼ï¼ã®å½¢ã¨ãªããIn the example of polychromatic light, the phase term of Eq. 38 is differentiated with respect to s x and λ in order to compare the effect of wavelength shift and the effect of angle shift. Assuming ÎΦ = 0, the equivalent angle shift has the form of Eqs. 40 and 41 .
ãçºæã®æ§æãæ¬çºæã®ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®è£½é æ¹ æ³ã«ããã°ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«ç §å°ãããå ã«é·ãå è·¯ãä¸ãã伿å¹çãå¢å¤§ãããããç¹ã«ãã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ãè¨é²ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã¯ãä»ã®é¨åã®é¢ã«ç´è§ãªæ¹åã®å±æçãæ¬¡ç¬¬ã«å¤ãããã®ã¨ãªããå¹³è¡å ãè¼åº¦ãæ»ããã«å¤ããããå¶å¾¡ããããã¿ã¼ã³å ã«æ¡æ£ããããæ¡æ£ä½ã«æãå½¢ã®ã¹ããã¯ã«ãè¨é²ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦æ¡æ£ä½ã«å æå½¢è½åãå½¢æãããã¨ãã§ãããå¶å¾¡ãããæ¡æ£ã«ãã£ã¦ããããã¹ãããã¾ãã¯å¯è¦ã°ã¬ã¢ï¼ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï¼ãæããåä¸ãªæãããæããç §æãã¿ã¼ã³ãä½ããã¨ãã§ãããDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Method of Manufacturing Volume Holographic Diffuser of the Present Invention According to the method, a long optical path is given to the light irradiated on the diffuser, Increase the propagation efficiency. Particularly, in the volume holographic diffuser on which the speckle pattern is recorded, the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the other portion gradually changes. Light-shaping capabilities can be created in the diffuser by recording some form of speckle on the diffuser, which diffuses the collimated light into a controlled pattern of smooth brightness changes. The controlled diffusion can create an illumination pattern with uniform brightness with hot spots or visible glare.
Thorlabs' ADASMA Mating Sleeve is an air-spaced mating sleeve for connecting two SMA-terminated fiber optic cables. It is directly compatible with SMA905-style connectors, and one ceramic alignment sleeve is included for mating an SMA905-style connector to an SMA906-style connector. The ADASMA is not intended for mating an SMA906-style connector to another SMA906-style connector. A washer and nut are included for panel mounting, as well as two dust caps for protecting the exposed ends of the mating sleeve. Our CAPN1 Metal Cap, sold separately, also protects the mating sleeve ends and can clip on to our L-bracket mounts.
*Please Note: If using a non-PM fiber this insertion loss will typically be less than 0.5 dB, due to higher tolerancing than our non-PM mating sleeves sold above.
*Please Note: When PM fiber is used, the insertion loss will increase to >1.0 dB. For mating PM fiber, we recommend using our PM fiber mating sleeves sold below.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãå³ï¼ã«ããã¦ã¯è¨é²ãããæ¡æ£ä½ããã®æ¡æ£å ã®å½¢ï¼ï¼ã¯ç©å½¢ã§ãããç¶ããªãããã®ç©å½¢å ã®å ã®è§åº¦å¼·åº¦åå¸ã¯ä¸è§å½¢ã§ãããç©å½¢ã®ä¸å¿ã§æå¼·ã§ãããç©å½¢ã®ç¸ã«åããã«å¾ã£ã¦æ¸å°ãããèªåç¸é¢é¢æ°ã®ãã強度è§åº¦åå¸ã常ã«ä¸è§ã§ããã¨ããäºå®ã¯ãã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããä¸ã¤ã®å¶éã§ãããããã¯è¨é²ã¹ãããæ©è½ã黿¢ãããIn FIG. 9, the shape 43 of the diffused light from the recorded diffuser is rectangular. However, the angular intensity distribution of light within this rectangle is triangular, with the strongest at the center of the rectangle and decreasing towards the edges of the rectangle. The fact that the intensity angle distribution is always triangular due to the autocorrelation function is one limitation in this method. This prevents the recording step function.
Thorlabs' ADAFCSC1 Mating Sleeve mates an FC/PC-terminated single mode (SM) or multimode (MM) fiber to an SC/PC-terminated SM or MM fiber by bringing the tips into physical contact. It features a 2.2 mm wide-key-slot FC/PC connector and has a square flange with through holes compatible with our blank connection panels or square-flange L-brackets (sold below). To view a drawing with the recommended mounting hole pattern, click the Docs icon () below.
Thorlabs' ADASMAV Mating Sleeve is a vacuum-compatible version of the ADASMA SMA to SMA Mating Sleeve. Constructed using 304 stainless steel, this adapter is designed to be used within ultra-high vacuum systems (>10-10 Torr) and features a Ø0.063" (Ø1.6 mm) vent hole in the side to allow trapped gases to escape (see image to the right). Unlike the standard version, the ADASMAV is only compatible with SMA905-style connectors. A 304 stainless steel washer and nut are included for custom mounting.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã®ä»ã®å®æ½ä¾ã«ããã¦ã¯ä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«å³ï¼ï¼ã«ç¤ºãããã«éå çåºæºå ãè¨é²ããããã®ä¾ã§ã¯ããã°ã©ã ãä½ç©åã§ãããããã©ãã°æ¡æ£ä½ãç §å°ãããã¨ããã©ãã°è§ã¨æ³¢é·ãæããæ¡æ£ä½ãã¿ã¼ã³ã®ãã©ãã°åçã鏿çã«å¾ããã¨ãã§ããããã©ãã°è§ã¨æ³¢é·ã鏿çã«å¶å¾¡ããè½åã«ãã£ã¦æ¡æ£ä½ã®èéæ§ãããã«å¢å ã§ããããã©ãã°æ¡ä»¶ã¯æ¢ã«è¿°ã¹ãã³ãªã¢ãã®ä»ã®ãå å¦ããã°ã©ããã«è¨è¼ããã¦ãããIn another embodiment of the method of the present invention, additional reference light is recorded on the volume holographic diffuser as shown in FIG. In this example, since the hologram is a volume type, when the Bragg diffuser is illuminated, Bragg reproduction of the diffuser pattern having the Bragg angle and the wavelength can be selectively obtained. The flexibility of the diffuser can be further increased by the ability to selectively control the Bragg angle and wavelength. The Bragg condition is described in "Optical Holography" described in Korea et al.
These narrow-key-slot mating sleeves allow for proper alignment of angled, narrow key FC/APC connectors. These sleeves are also mechanically compatible with narrow key FC/PC connectors, but the flat FC/PC connector is significantly less alignment sensitive, which makes the wide-key-slot mating sleeves shown immediately above an acceptable alternative. All FC/PC and FC/APC patch cables manufactured by Thorlabs use narrow key connectors.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ãåããï½ã§ç¸é¢é·ããLs ã§ããæ¬çºææ¹æ³ ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 13 is a method of the present invention in which the thickness is t and the correlation length is L s. 2 is an explanatory view of a volume holographic diffuser according to FIG.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ°ï¼ï¼ã¯ã·ã¹ãã ã®ã¤ã³ãã«ã¹ã¬ã¹ãã³ã¹ã§ãããæ°ï¼ï¼ã¯æ°ï¼ï¼ã®ä¸è¬å¼ã§ãããéé¢ç §æã«åºå ããæ¡æ£ä½ã«ãã£ã¦æ¡æ£ãããè§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã®åºããã示ãã¦ãããå ¥å°å ã®è§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ã¯ï¼© O ï¼ï½o ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦ç¤ºããããEquation 34 is the impulse response of the system. Expression 33 is a general expression of Expression 31 and shows the spread of the angular spectrum diffused by the diffuser due to non-planar illumination. The angular spectrum of the incident light is I Represented by O (s o ).
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ã以ä¸ã®ãã¨ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãææãéãå ãææãéãã¦å¤ãã®æ¡æ£ä¸å¿ï¼¡x ã¨äº¤åãããã®çµæææãéãä»»æã®å ã®å å¦çå è·¯é·ãå¢å ãããFrom the above, light passing through the volume holographic material intersects with many diffusion centers A x through the material, and as a result, the optical path length of any light passing through the material increases.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã®ä»ã®éè¦ãªç¨éã¯ãããé«å度ãã¬ãã¸ã§ã³ï¼ï¼¨ï¼¤ï¼´ï¼¶ï¼ã®ãããªå¹³å¦ããã«ãã¹ãã¬ã¤ã®ä¸é¨ã¨ãã¦ä½¿ç¨ãããã¨ã§ãããåç´ã«é ç½®ããããã¹ã¯æ¡æ£ä½åãç¨ããæ¡æ£ä½å ã«ã¹ããã¯ã«ãã¿ã¼ã³ãè¨é²ããåçãããã¨ãæ°´å¹³æ¹åã®æ¥åè§åº¦ã¹ãã¯ãã«ãä½ãããããã«ãããæ¡æ£ä½ãå¹³å¦ããã«ãã¹ãã¬ã¤ã«çµã¿è¾¼ã¾ããã¨ãå¨å²ã®è¦çã¨è§£å度ã大ããå¢å ããããHDTVãã¹ãã¬ã¤ã®ä¾ãLï¼ã¿ã¼ãã¹ã¸ã¥ãã¢ã®ãæ¥æ¬ã«ãããHDTVãã¹ãã¬ã¤ï¼ãããã«ãããæ åâCRTã·ã¹ãã ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼å¹´ï¼ï¼æï¼©ï¼¥ï¼¥ï¼¥ã¹ãã¯ãã«çºè¡ï¼ã«ç¤ºããã¦ãããæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããæ¡æ£ä½ã¯ã¹ã¯ãªã¼ã³ã²ã¤ã³ã¨ãã¦ç¥ããã¦ãããã®ã®ä»ã«ãã¹ã¯ãªã¼ã³ã®è¦éã«ãããã¨ãã«ã®ã¼ãæ£ç¢ºã«ä¿ã¡ãè¦è´è ãåããåãç«ä½è§åº¦ãç¶æããããã«ç¨ãããããã¹ã¯ãªã¼ã³ã²ã¤ã³ã¯åçåå¸ã«æ¯ã¹è¦éé¢ããã®çºå åºåã®æ¯ã¨ãã¦å®ãããããæ¬çºæã®æ¡æ£ä½ã«ããã°ã¹ã¯ãªã¼ã³ã²ã¤ã³ãä½ã³ã¹ãã§å¾ããã¨ãã§ãããæè¿ã®ã¹ã¯ãªã¼ã³ã¯é¢ã®ã¯ã ï¼ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï½ï½ ï½ï½ï½ï½ï½ ï¼ãç¨ãã¦ææã®ã¹ã¯ãªã¼ã³ã²ã¤ã³ãå¾ã¦ããããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«æ¯ã¹ã³ã¹ããé«ãå¹çãä½ããAnother important application of the volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention is its use in high definition television (HDT). V) as part of a flat panel display. A vertically oriented mask diffuser hole is used to record the speckle pattern in the diffuser so that when reproduced, a horizontal elliptical angular spectrum is created. When the diffuser is incorporated into a flat panel display, the visibility and resolution of the surroundings is greatly increased. An example of HDTV display is L.M. It is shown in Tanas Jr.'s "HDTV Display in Japan: Projection on the Top-CRT System" (published by IEEE Spectrum, October 1989). In addition to what is known as screen gain, the diffuser according to the method of the present invention is used to keep the energy in the field of view of the screen accurate and to maintain the solid angle at which the viewer faces. The screen gain is defined as the ratio of the light emission output from the field of view compared to the uniform distribution. According to the diffuser of the present invention, the screen gain can be obtained at low cost. Modern screens use a surface texture to obtain the desired screen gain and are therefore more costly and less efficient than volume holographic diffusers.
Our HASMA adapter is 0.38" (9.65 mm) long, with a 1/4"-36 threaded barrel for use with SMA905- and SMA906-style terminated fiber optic patch cables. The threaded barrel can also be used with the lock nut for mounting within OEM or custom systems.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ãæ¼ç½ãããããã²ã³åéã®ãããªå¾æ¥ã®æ¡æ£ææå ã§æ¡æ£ããåå°ãããå ã®èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 16 is an illustration of light diffusely reflected in a conventional diffusing material such as bleached silver halide.
ãå³ï¼ï¼ï¼¢ãå¦çåã³è¨é²ã®éã®æ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããä½ç©ããã°ã©ãæ¡æ£ä½ã«ããã屿çï½ã®å¤èª¿ã®é²è¡èª¬æå³ã§ãããFIG. 18B is an explanatory diagram of the progress of the modulation of the refractive index n in the volume holographic diffuser according to the method of the present invention during processing and recording.
ãï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãæ¬çºææ¹æ³ã«ããæ¡æ£ä½ã«æã¾ãã帯åå¹ ããã¼ã¯æ³¢é·åã³å¹çãå¾ãããã«å¿ è¦ãªå¥½ã¾ããå¦çãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿åã³ã¹ãããã¯ãï¼ï¼æé©ç¡¬åº¦ã®ããå®ç溶液å ã«ãããå®çæéãï¼ç§ãï¼åã¨ãããï¼ï¼æé©æ¸©åº¦ï¼ï¼ãï¼ï¼Â°ï¼£ã®æ°´ä¸ã§ï¼ãï¼ï¼åéè¨æ½¤ãããããè¨æ½¤æéãé·ããã°å¸¯åå¹ ãåºããªãããã¼ã¯æ³¢é·ãé·ããªããï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãï¼ï¼Â°ï¼£ã®æ°´ï¼ã¢ã«ã³ã¼ã«æµ´ä¸ã§ï¼ãï¼åéå¦çãããããå¦çæéãéããã°å¸¯åå¹ ãåºããªããé ãããã°çããªããï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ãï¼ï¼ï¼Â°ï¼£ã§ï¼åããï¼æéç空çå ã§ç¼æãããããç空ä¸ã§ã®ç¼æã«ãã帯åå¹ ã¯æ¸å°ãããããé·ãæéã«äºãå®å®ãªããã°ã©ã ãå¾ãããã«ã¯å¿ è¦ãªãã¨ã§ãããï¼ï¼å å¦ã¨ããã·æ¨¹èãç¨ããã«ãã¼ã¬ã©ã¹ã«ãã£ã¦ããã°ã©ã ãã·ã¼ã«ãããThe preferred processing parameters and steps required to obtain the desired bandwidth, peak wavelength and efficiency for the diffuser according to the method of the present invention are: 1) Fix time in the fix solution for 3 seconds to 1 minute for optimum hardness. To do. 2) Swell in water at an optimum temperature of 25 to 30 ° C for 3 to 10 minutes. The longer the swelling time, the wider the bandwidth and the longer the peak wavelength. 3) Treat in a water / alcohol bath at 25-30 ° C for 1-2 minutes. The faster the processing time, the wider the bandwidth, and the slower the processing bandwidth. 4) 80-100 ° Bake in a vacuum furnace for 5 minutes to 1 hour at C. Baking reduces the bandwidth, but is necessary to obtain a stable hologram for a longer time. 5) The hologram is sealed by a cover glass using an optical epoxy resin.