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We all know about refraction. Light changes speed and maybe direction as it goes from (say) air to glass. If the glass is a particular curved shape, we can determine the direction of the refracted rays and get them to meet at a point.

Inspiring you with what the 10 most effective modern lighting products are and how they can be used to create great interior designs.

Andrew Orange, the owner of Orange Lighting qualified and worked as an interior designer in 1993 before specialising in lighting working on high profile projects based in London. Since starting Orange Lighting Ltd in 2003 he has been sharing his knowledge and unique teaching style mostly to his designer clients, offering practical real life advice born from running a busy consultancy and lighting supply business. Launching in 2020, his blog has evolved into Quick & Easy Lighting, curating some 25 years design experience into making the lighting choice and design process achievable and easy to understand for all.

Put properly, a converging or convex lens is a 3D segment of a sphere, thicker in the middle than at the ends. Light near the edge gets refracted a lot, near the middle it hardly changes direction at all. Here’s what happens…

This type of lighting is focused on a specific area or task, such as reading or cooking. It is used to provide illumination for a specific activity and can be achieved through the use of floor lamps, desk lamps, pendant lights, downlights, spotlights or any light source that can focus concentrated light onto a surface.

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Grazing is a technique that is used to highlight textures in walls and ceilings. It involves directing light across the surface of an object or wall at an angle, creating a striking effect.

Check this simulation out. You can change the thickness of the lens and the object position. Look for real and virtual images – the simulation can show both.

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Shadowing involves using light and shadow to create depth and interest in a space. This can be achieved through the use of spotlights or directional lighting.

Wall washing involves illuminating a wall from top to bottom to create a soft and diffuse light. It is often used to highlight art or architectural features and can be achieved through the use of recessed lights.

It’s important to consider the overall design and functionality of a space as well as the best types of lighting fixtures and their placement

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We can draw a similar diagram with two rays as before to show what’s happening. Notice that the two rays diverge (get further apart). If we want to find the image we  have to draw dotted lines backwards. Where they apparently cross is where the light appears to come from. This is the image position. This time, the image is virtual, magnified and the right way up.  Writing looks bigger, we’ve created a magnifying glass. Now go back to the simulation and get it to show a magnifying glass for you.

Using these techniques, you can find the perfect balance of light and dark to create a welcoming and inviting atmosphere.

Explaining how to light a vaulted ceiling, how to light large volume spaces well retaining contrast, how to seamlessly integrate lights into oak framed builds.

Ambient lighting is used to provide overall illumination to a room and can be achieved through the use of chandeliers, ceiling lights, pendant lights, and wall sconces.

There are many effective lighting techniques that can be used in interior design to create a desired ambiance, highlight certain features, and improve the overall functionality of a space.

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We can draw diagrams to show what is happening when the object is at a particular distance from the lens. Start with one like this.  The object is more than 2F away from the lens.  Draw two rays, one parallel to the PA, the other through the centre. The image is where they meet.

Accent lighting is used to highlight specific features or objects in a room, such as artwork or architectural elements. It can be achieved through the use of spotlights or recessed lighting.

Learn how to choose the best lighting for a large room with a high, vaulted ceiling, considering function, style, size, placement, control and many more tips.

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Backlighting involves illuminating an object from behind, creating a subtle and beautiful glow. It is often used to light up artwork or architectural details, as well as highlight furniture pieces.

Layering lighting involves using a combination of different types of lighting to create a cohesive and well-lit space. It is a sensitive combination of all lighting techniques, particularly ambient, accent and task light.

Uplighting involves illuminating a ceiling, wall, or object from below to create a dramatic effect. It can be used to draw attention to specific features or objects in a room.

TASK 1. Measuring the focal length of a converging lens by holding it a long way from a window and seeing the real, inverted, smaller image produced on the wall. Real images are formed by real rays of light, which is why we can project them on to a wall or a screen and they’re the same colour as the object forming them.

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Learn how to create your own kitchen lighting design in an easy to understand step by step guide from a lighting design professional. Light a kitchen as a Pro.

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Here, on the left side, the light rays are parallel, so they’re coming from an object a very long way away. The lens is refracting the rays to meet at a point. The distance from the centre of the lens to this focal point is called the focal length.  Fat lenses have short focal lengths, skinny ones have longer focal lengths. The ray that goes right through the centre of the lens doesn’t change direction because it strikes the lens NORMALLY (at 90 degrees to the surface). It’s called the PRINCIPAL AXIS

These 10 lighting techniques can help create the perfect ambiance for any interior space and help draw attention to specific features or objects within the home.