Condensers - condenser lens microscope

 2024-06-15 13:37:29

The spatial resolution of a conventional imaging laser radar system is constrained by the diffraction limit of the telescope’s aperture. We investigate a technique known as synthetic-aperture imaging laser radar (SAIL), which employs aperture synthesis with coherent laser radar to overcome the diffraction limit and achieve fine-resolution, long-range, two-dimensional imaging with modest aperture diameters. We detail our laboratory-scale SAIL testbed, digital signal-processing techniques, and image results. In particular, we report what we believe to be the first optical synthetic-aperture image of a fixed, diffusely scattering target with a moving aperture. A number of fine-resolution, well-focused SAIL images are shown, including both retroreflecting and diffuse scattering targets, with a comparison of resolution between real-aperture imaging and synthetic-aperture imaging. A general digital signal-processing solution to the laser waveform instability problem is described and demonstrated, involving both new algorithms and hardware elements. These algorithms are primarily data driven, without a priori knowledge of waveform and sensor position, representing a crucial step in developing a robust imaging system.

For the M, MPlan, Neo and NeoPlan 36.65 mm parfocal objectives for the BH microscope, the illuminators are part grey and part black. The BH-MA is for the brightfield M and MPlan objectives, and the BH-RLA is for the brightfield/darkfield Neo and NeoPlan objectives; the BH-RLA can be distinguished by a knob labelled “PULL BF”. The objectives are corrected for the longer tube length (210 mm) caused by the vertical illuminator. A few of these illuminators are all black, but they can be distinguished from the BH2 versions by the absence of the “∞ f=180” label.

NewportAperture

Detailed information about the biological and metallurgical objectives that were designed for Olympus compound microscopes of the BH era (AH, BH, CH, CK, IMT) can be found in the Olympus High Quality Optics catalogue on the downloads page.

For the MA, MDPlan, MSPlan, NeoDPlan and NeoSPlan 45 mm parfocal objectives for the BH-2 microscope, there were 2 series of illuminators. The first series is all black, the BH2-MA Brightfield Vertical Illuminator for the MA, MDPlan and MSPlan objectives, and the BH2-RLA Brightfield/Darkfield Vertical Illuminator for the NeoDPlan and NeoSPlan objectives; the BH2-RLA can be distinguished by a knob labelled “PULL BF”.

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Laser apertureprojector

We have many x stages in stock. X axis stages use high precision guide and micrometer head. Good accuracy and stablity of the manual linear stages can meet ...

AdjustableAperture

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Objectives for the BH, BH-2 and other Olympus microscopes of this era have the series, for example “SPlan”, in front of the magnification. Objectives for the BX and other more recent Olympus microscopes have the series above the magnification, and cannot be used with older microscopes.

PART. FUNCTION. 1. Ocular lens/ eyepiece. -magnifies 10x. 2. Body tube/ocular tube. -keeps proper distance between eyepiece and objective lenses.

The 45 mm parfocal long-barrel (LB) objectives were intended for microscopes of the BH-2 era (AH-2, BH-2, CH-2, CK2, CK40, IMT-2). For photomicrography, they should be used with the NFK photo eyepieces. The eyepieces for viewing include an “L” (indicating long barrel) in their designation, for example SWHK 10×L, WHK 10×/20 L, WHK 15×L or CWHK 10×/18L.

LenoxlaserOrifice

Laser Aperturemachine

The specifications of the biological objectives that were designed for Olympus compound microscopes of the BH-2 era (AH-2, BH-2, CH-2, CK2, CK40, IMT-2) can be found in the Olympus LB Objective Series for Biological Use catalogue on the downloads page.

Numericalaperture

Steven M. Beck, Joseph R. Buck, Walter F. Buell, Richard P. Dickinson, David A. Kozlowski, Nicholas J. Marechal, and Timothy J. Wright

Both black illuminators were replaced by the cream BH2-UMA Universal Vertical Illuminator, which can be fitted with the BH2-UBF brightfield cube and/or the BH2-UDF darkfield cube; the active cube can be selected by a sliding knob on the front. Both series of BH2 vertical illuminators include the tube lens (f = 180 mm) that is essential for these infinity-corrected objectives, and are labelled “∞ f=180”.

Optical apertures

The “short mount” (36.65 mm parfocal) and the “long mount” (approximately 42.5 mm parfocal) objectives were intended for microscopes of the BH era (AH, BH, CH, CK, IMT) and earlier models. For photomicrography, they should be used with the FK photo eyepieces. The eyepieces for viewing do not include an “L” in their designation, for example Bi WF10×.

BH-RLA brightfield/darkfield vertical illuminator (for BH microscope with BH-NRE nosepiece and Neo or NeoPlan 36.65 mm metallurgical objectives)

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Base, The base is the foundation on which the microscope stand is built. It is important that the base is relatively large, stable, and massive. When you ...

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Buy K&F Concept adapters fit C mount movie lenses used on Sony, Canon, Nikon, Fuji, M43 cameras. Manual control, precise and solid design.

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Irisaperture

A Fresnel shader will let you specify a specular color for parts of a surface directly facing the camera, and another specular color to be seen on parts of a ...

The metallurgical objectives are intended to be used with reflected light from a vertical illuminator that is fitted between the stand and the head. They can also be used with transmitted light via the substage condenser, but a vertical illuminator is still needed to provide the proper 210 mm tube length or a tube lens.

ATOMIC EXPLANATION OF POLARIZING FILTERS. Polarizing filters have a polarization axis that acts as a slit. This slit passes electromagnetic waves (often visible ...

Steven M. Beck, Joseph R. Buck, Walter F. Buell, Richard P. Dickinson, David A. Kozlowski, Nicholas J. Marechal, and Timothy J. Wright

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Zhiwei Sun, Peipei Hou, Ya’nan Zhi, Jianfeng Sun, Yu Zhou, Qian Xu, Zhiyong Lu, and Liren Liu Appl. Opt. 53(9) 1846-1855 (2014)

The following tables are intended as a quick reference to the letters that Olympus used on its objectives in the BH and BH-2 era.

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TX mounts have slightly better automation. T-Mounts thread onto telescopes, mirror lenses and preset lenses. They do not offer any automation. T2 mounts are ...