Flange focal distancecalculator

Here's a good reference image.  That "Main Mirror" flips up horizontally on most DSLRs.  It is at about 24mm tall--the same as the height of the sensor.

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With pellicle mirror designs the register distance is hardly shortened (actually not even tried in commercial camera products) but it may protect the sensor more from dust etc. Filth on the mirror itself is more an issue then and that has an impact on the image quality. The ingeneous Wrayflex mirror design made the register distance 42.05mm, not better than the Canon FD had.

You're confusing flange focal distance and back focus here. Whereas flapping mirror needs about 37 mm (1.5x frame height) back focus clearance it's not same as FFL.Btw Samsung NX-mini has 6.95 mm FFL

1. What is the advantage of shorter (or longer) flange focal distance? I know that lenses with longer flange distances are usable on a system with shorter FFD with adapters. But what are the other advantages/ disadvantages?

1. What is the advantage of shorter (or longer) flange focal distance? I know that lenses with longer flange distances are usable on a system with shorter FFD with adapters. But what are the other advantages/ disadvantages?

One more set of related disadvantages I can think of for a longer flange distance: More camera body material, further forward weight distribution (esp. when a lens is mounted), and additional structural integrity considerations.

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Technically, this would be about 17mm. This is assuming a 36mm x 24mm sensor, where the 24mm side is at a 45 degree angle (light for the viewfinder) and that the mirror slides out of the way rather than flips up. No cameras that I know of do this.

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I suppose with extremely short flange distances, some disadvantages would be that the sensor is less physically protected from contact, and there is less room for any potential sensor-filters?  Though these are very rare cases IMO.

The A7RII +MC-11+ a dozen EF mount lenses that I have is a compact set and easy to clean. A similar set of native lenses for that camera will not be any lighter or smaller in volume if I check the Sony catalog. My EF mount lenses are for 80% hybrid EF mount lenses from different brands though.

That would mean having the sensor fit inside the rear of the lens. It would be possible to design a camera like that, but it couldn't be a DSLR.

If a longer part of the optical paths can be contained in the camera body then weight and volume of a camera system with multiple lenses could be lower with a camera that has a longer register distance, depends on the focal length choices of the lenses, WA, standard, long-focus, and whether the lens designs exploit retrofocus and telephoto designs fully or not. A lot of the short WA symmetric designs did not cope with FF sensors ........, the Sony/Zeiss WA FE lenses are not that small either but the 35mm 2.8 and to a degree the 28mm 2.8.

I had debated with myself about mentioning this in the post, but I don't consider them to be SLRs. Although I guess *technically* they are maybe?

1. What is the advantage of shorter (or longer) flange focal distance? I know that lenses with longer flange distances are usable on a system with shorter FFD with adapters. But what are the other advantages/ disadvantages?

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1. What is the advantage of shorter (or longer) flange focal distance? I know that lenses with longer flange distances are usable on a system with shorter FFD with adapters. But what are the other advantages/ disadvantages?

Z mountflange distance

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Canon EFflange distance

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What’s the best camera for around $1500? These midrange cameras should have capable autofocus systems, lots of direct controls and the latest sensors offering great image quality. We recommend our favorite options.

PLflange distance

Short flange distances simplify the design of short focal length lenses, they don't need to be so heavily retrofocus in design.

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One more set of related disadvantages I can think of for a longer flange distance:  More camera body material, further forward weight distribution (esp. when a lens is mounted), and additional structural integrity considerations.

Technically, this would be about 17mm. This is assuming a 36mm x 24mm sensor, where the 24mm side is at a 45 degree angle (light for the viewfinder) and that the mirror slides out of the way rather than flips up. No cameras that I know of do this.

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Already discussed; register distance with pellicle or normal mirrors is the same, in practice at least. Does an SLR with Satzobjektiv/Convertible lens, like the Kodak Retina, Voigtländer Bessamatic, etc have a register distance?

Short flange distance creates more freedom in lens designs but could complicate camera designs if the features have to be within the flange sensor distance space. With more functions integrated in the sensor; AF etc, there are already remedies for the last issue. Image stabilisation with the sensor can be solved beyond the flange sensor distance so might make the camera thicker and wider, register distance has no influence on it or will not be compromised by it.

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I suppose with extremely short flange distances, some disadvantages would be that the sensor is less physically protected from contact,

Possibly, if the FFD is really short. The GFX has a very thick stack and a fairly short FFD, with still some room for stuff that's part of the lens to protrude into the body.

RFflange distance

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Image

If the mirror flips up, then 24mm would be the bare minimum--assuming no shutter thickness.  This would allow the 24mm side of the mirror to sit horizontally between the mount & sensor.  But...of course, this removes the possibility of getting light to the phase-detect AF module through the sub-mirror...

Flange distancechart

1. What is the advantage of shorter (or longer) flange focal distance? I know that lenses with longer flange distances are usable on a system with shorter FFD with adapters. But what are the other advantages/ disadvantages?

I can't think of any benefits from having all the lenses having an empty tube at the back, & a very exposed sensor. Few cameras have flange distance below 10mm (The Pentax Q mount is 9.2mm) I think its only machine vision types that go shorter, and even CS & D mounts are over 12mm.

Technically, this would be about 17mm.  This is assuming a 36mm x 24mm sensor, where the 24mm side is at a 45 degree angle (light for the viewfinder) and that the mirror slides out of the way rather than flips up.  No cameras that I know of do this.

Technically, this would be about 17mm. This is assuming a 36mm x 24mm sensor, where the 24mm side is at a 45 degree angle (light for the viewfinder) and that the mirror slides out of the way rather than flips up. No cameras that I know of do this.

1. What is the advantage of shorter (or longer) flange focal distance? I know that lenses with longer flange distances are usable on a system with shorter FFD with adapters. But what are the other advantages/ disadvantages?

I still wonder whether the Canon EOS register distance should be sacrificed when Canon goes for a mirrorless pro FF camera. Abandoning a satisfying lens system in favor of a camera with less depth and then add a temporary auto adapter to bridge time is not that attractive for pros. The more as fast AF with the sensor seems to be solved now (Sony A9) and does not require optical paths to a separate sensor.

EFflange distance

Which brings me to a possible Canon mirrorless with body integrated focal reducer keeping the EF mount and the old EOS 44mm "register distance" but with all the optical possibilities a focal reducer brings, not aiming straight for a smaller sensor, faster lens system with some (claimed) image quality gain but possibly also changing the "register distance" depth, telephoto style. "Register Distance" as it becomes an elastic distance when a focal reducer or extender is introduced in the system.

I suppose with extremely short flange distances, some disadvantages would be that the sensor is less physically protected from contact,

However the beauty of a permanent adapter on a thin camera body is that the sensor is further away from the lens mount in actual use but easily cleaned with the adapter removed. For example 26mm depth difference removed to get to the sensor and access from two sides to an easier to clean hole in the adapter itself than the mirror box of an SLR is. A clear, thin, multicoated, disposable, filter in the adapter would be even nicer, magnetic mounting, probably cheaper than a set of sensor cleaning fluid and tools. Could make a camera body totally weatherproof.

Personally, I always think the smallest flange distances are overall advantageous over longer ones.  Even DSLRs don't have arbitrarily large flange distances--they have to fit in the sensor/film, shutter curtains & mechanisms, sub-mirror, main mirror, mount itself, etc.--all of which have thicknesses.

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One more set of related disadvantages I can think of for a longer flange distance: More camera body material, further forward weight distribution (esp. when a lens is mounted), and additional structural integrity considerations.

Taking short registration to the absolute extreme would make the camera mechanisms more vulnerable to damage, but I don't see this as a significant factor as long as all components are recessed somewhat into the body. In some cameras (not SLRs) registration as low as 5mm is used without major problems

I had debated with myself about mentioning this in the post, but I don't consider them to be SLRs. Although I guess *technically* they are maybe?

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I had debated with myself about mentioning this in the post, but I don't consider them to be SLRs. Although I guess *technically* they are maybe?

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Technically, this would be about 17mm. This is assuming a 36mm x 24mm sensor, where the 24mm side is at a 45 degree angle (light for the viewfinder) and that the mirror slides out of the way rather than flips up. No cameras that I know of do this.

Nikon Fflange distance

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Possibly, if the FFD is really short. The GFX has a very thick stack and a fairly short FFD, with still some room for stuff that's part of the lens to protrude into the body.

Contrary to a popular belief, there is no real benefit in terms of simplifying lens design unless we are talking about tiny pancake lenses, like <2cm deep. Nothing prevents the back element from touching the sensor stack (if there is no mirror, of course). Sony RX1 is designed like that and even though it is a fixed lens camera, one can still argue that it has a flange distance much larger than the 2mm separating the back element from the sensor stack.

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1. What is the advantage of shorter (or longer) flange focal distance? I know that lenses with longer flange distances are usable on a system with shorter FFD with adapters. But what are the other advantages/ disadvantages?