When selecting a 3D vision system, several factors require consideration. The accuracy and resolution of the cameras are crucial, as is the compatibility of the software with your specific requirements. Here’s a guide on choosing the right system:

Now, picture enhancing that photograph with an additional dimension—that’s where 3D vision comes into play. Beyond capturing length and width, 3D vision measures the depth of objects. This added depth perception empowers your machines to comprehend the shape, size, and positioning of objects in ways 2D vision cannot achieve. This capability proves indispensable for intricate tasks like inspecting product volume, guiding robots in assembly processes, or sorting objects based on their size.

We use two mechanical scanning mirrors as Mirror X angle and Mirror Y angle respectively, then the relationship between them and the optical scanning angle is: (Mirror X angle)2 + (Mirror Y angle)2 = (optical scan angle/2)2

Ronar-Smith® F-Theta achromatic scan lens is designed to limit spherical and chromatic aberration, and bring in two different wavelengths (working and visible) onto the same plane. This enables the transmission of wavelength-specific laser beams during laser-material processes while ensuring that the visible (feedback) and laser beam wavelengths are temporally and spatially matched. Our achromatic scan lens enables machine vision in industrial processes for automation control and feedback while ensuring the product quality is not compromised.

These flexible and robust 3D vision systems play a vital role in various industries, including manufacturing, shipping, and healthcare. Their adaptability makes them indispensable tools for enhancing the performance and reliability of robots and other automated machines.

Our F-Theta scan lenses are optimized for laser-material processes, specifically for engraving, cutting, welding, and bonding. The scan lenses are available in working wavelength telecentric (TSL-Q and TSL series) and non-telecentric (SL-Q and SL series) configurations. For a vision system that requires an additional wavelength, we provide achromatic scan lenses in telecentric (TSLA series) and non-telecentric (SLA series) configurations.

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3D vision systems hold a significant advantage over their 2D counterparts, offering a more detailed and accurate perspective of the world. This heightened clarity enables robots and machines to interact more effectively with their surroundings, enhancing tasks such as object recognition and manipulation.

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Ronar-Smith® F-Theta scan lenses are designed to meet the broad industrial requirements of our customers. When laser-material processes require a constant field of view with no dependency between the lens magnification and the depth, an object-space telecentric lens is recommended. For processes that have less stringent requirements on the quality of finish at the focal plane, a non-telecentric lens is capable of delivering the job to the customers’ satisfaction.

Pay close attention to the software and algorithms employed for handling camera images – they play a crucial role. Seek systems that leverage advanced techniques, such as deep learning, to extract richer information from images, enhancing the overall functionality and performance of the system.

Field-flattening lenses resolve the challenges of spherical-field-orientated optics by creating a flat focal field, but at the cost of inducing a nonlinear behavior. The displacement term between the effective focal length (𝑓) and the deflection angle (𝜃) prevents a uniform movement (i.e. constant scan rate) of the scanning mirror due to this nonlinearity (𝑓 ∗ tan 𝜃). It also results in an angular field-of-view and causes inaccuracies between varying magnification and observed measurements by the vision system. To resolve this nonlinearity, F-theta lenses are designed and engineered for the beam displacement to be independent of the tangent of the deflection angle.

With over 500 successful implementations in 35 countries and across a range of industries, we specialize in enabling companies to successfully integrate our software for AM and CNC production, into their wider manufacturing processes and scale their operations.

Visioncamera system

F-theta lens provides the linear dependence between 𝑓 and 𝜃, creating a linear displacement that is ideal for use with scanners (XY galvanometer with mirrors) rotating at a constant angular velocity. The fixed velocity of the scanners corresponds to a constant velocity of the focal point on the flat focal field, with little to no electronic noise correction required. The complex scanner algorithm for the nonlinear compensation is eliminated, hence providing an accurate, safe, and inexpensive solution to customers.

The mechanical scanning angle is related to the scanning mirror. It is usually the rotation angle of the two mirrors, which controls the scanning range from two directions. In the Galvo Scanner system, the specifications of the scanner refer to the mechanical scanning angle of the mirror.

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Within the healthcare sector, 3D vision systems play a crucial role in assisting various medical procedures, including surgery and imaging. These systems can guide robotic surgical tools and contribute to the creation of detailed 3D body images, aiding in accurate diagnoses.

In summary, selecting the appropriate 3D vision system involves evaluating your options to determine their alignment with your needs. Following these steps enables you to acquire a system that performs effectively, proving to be a worthwhile investment.

Telecentricity describes the angle of incidence of the laser beam delivered to the surface of the material during laser processing. In general, the angle of incidence for every point on the focal plane is the same, while non-telecentric lenses have varying angles of incidence on different points of the same plane. The end result of telecentricity produces repeatable and homogeneous spot size distribution on the object space field while reducing the effects of parallax error.

These systems enable robots to perceive their surroundings in 3D, facilitating navigation through complex environments and avoiding obstacles. This proves invaluable in tasks like warehouse operations, where robots navigate around obstacles to locate and transport items.

Ronar-Smith® F-Theta Scan Lenses are meticulously designed and crafted for a broad range of laser applications. With over a decade of expertise in optical grade and coating production, Ronar-Smith® scan lenses yield some of the world’s finest optical performance in the market. We also provide customization services for customers based on their requirements.

Our F-theta scan lenses are designed for a wide range of applications. It is available over a broad wavelength, ranging from UV, VIS, NIR, and CO2 Laser. We also provide custom solutions for any wavelength-specific applications.

Cameras and sensors are the starting point, functioning as your machine’s eyes. Rather than capturing a single flat photo, they take multiple shots from diverse angles, providing a comprehensive view.

If only one mirror is used, the aperture stop is located on the mirror. If two mirrors are used, the aperture stop is located in the middle of the two mirrors, and the beam will be skewed. Usually, they will use two galvanometers and focus the beam on a 2D plane.

Elevate your machines to superhero status with 3D machine vision, enabling them to see in three dimensions, mirroring human vision. This technology captures images from diverse angles through cameras and sensors, employing sophisticated software to amalgamate these images into a comprehensive 3D model. This breakthrough is a game-changer for your production line, empowering machines to detect defects, measure objects, and guide robots with unparalleled accuracy.

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As you delve into the realm of machine vision, you’ll encounter two primary types: 3D and 2D vision. While both are transformative, they fulfill distinct roles on your manufacturing line. Grasping the dissimilarities is key to selecting the most suitable tool for your specific needs.

3D vision systems are versatile tools utilized across various industries, including manufacturing, logistics, healthcare, and more. Here are some illustrative examples:

Visualize a scenario where a robot arm needs to pick up a part. With 3D vision, it precisely discerns the part’s location, angle, and orientation, ensuring the robot adjusts flawlessly, picking it up accurately every time. This not only accelerates production but also minimizes errors.

Consider the compatibility of the 3D vision system with your specific task. If the environment is challenging, ensure the system is robust. For tasks requiring high speed, opt for a system with a quick frame rate and minimal delay.

Visionsystem camera inspection

3D vision enhances robots’ ability to identify and track objects, improving their interaction with the environment. This is particularly useful in roles like sorting and packing, where robots must accurately identify and handle different items.

Industrial machinevision

Unlock elevated precision and efficiency on your production line with 3D machine vision technology. This isn’t just an equipment upgrade; it’s a revolutionary shift in how your machines perceive and engage with the world. Picture your machines seamlessly identifying and manipulating objects in three dimensions, instantly. This exemplifies the impactful capabilities of 3D machine vision in action. If enhancing your manufacturing process is a priority, understanding and incorporating this technology is indispensable.

Moreover, 3D systems demonstrate versatility and resilience by adeptly managing diverse lighting and environmental conditions, further solidifying their robustness.

This is a challenge for the designer. In the optimization, the designer must not only consider the performance of the design but also avoid the reflection focus point on the lens.

In practical applications, there is no mechanical boundary to create any kind of aperture in it. When designing, they will place the aperture in the middle of the two mirrors, as shown in the figure below.

These systems excel at inspecting items for defects or deviations. For instance, they can measure the dimensions of manufactured products or identify flaws in finished goods, ensuring high-quality output.

F-theta scan lens are subject to spot size variations on the planar surface, and the spot size diagram plot provides more information about the typical variation as a result of the angle movements of both mirrors on the XY axis of a galvanometer. The spot size variations can also be calculated using the following equation.

Think of 2D vision as akin to a traditional photograph, capturing flat images with length and width but lacking depth. This suits uncomplicated tasks where assessing the visual appearance of a product suffices, such as scanning barcodes or verifying labels. It’s a direct and efficient solution for numerous applications.

In summary, 3D vision systems stand out as invaluable technology, enabling robots and automated systems to perceive their surroundings in three dimensions. Applied in tasks ranging from robot navigation to object recognition and assembly, these systems play a versatile role.

In logistics, 3D vision systems prove invaluable by aiding robots and automated systems in navigating efficiently within warehouses and enhancing object-handling capabilities. This optimization significantly improves the efficiency of tasks such as picking and placing items.

F-Theta is usually used in laser scanning systems. The working wavelength is a single wavelength and the working piece is a plane. The F-Theta lens belongs to a large field of view and a small relative system design. Then the aperture stop diameter is equal to the laser beam diameter. In the 2D Galvo Scanner system, there is actually no optical aperture pupil.

UV lasers at 355nm are advantageous as micromachining tools. Light at this wavelength interacts with materials primarily through photoablation, through which high-energy photons break molecular bonds, resulting in a clean cut with minimal disruptive effects on the surrounding material. For applications ranging from microelectronics to medical equipment production, solid-state UV lasers offer high versatility at low operational costs for the micromachining industry. Demand for large area scanning range, and simplified optical system design for both laser processing and vision inspection beams, present new challenges for a critical component in a laser system, namely, the scanning lens.

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The large scanning area is advantageous for high throughput precision laser processing. This is essential when display electronics require high-speed manufacturing; e.g. the laser lift-off in flexible and large-area OLED processes. These scanning lenses can work in conjunction with our customized design of beam expanders (refer to WOE application note of Versatile Beam Expansion – from tunable to automation) and new design of beam shapers (refer to WOE application note of Beam Shapers – shaping the beam from DUV to MIR).

AMFG is a leading provider of MES software for manufacturing. Our software solutions empower manufacturers, allowing them to manage their workflows and achieve streamlined, automated processes.

When a vision system is being integrated into a laser machining system, our achromatic telecentric scan lenses are color-corrected between working and vision wavelengths. The achromatic telecentric scan lens offers the same benefits as the normal telecentric lens while providing accurate vision positioning. The design layout is shown in Figure 12.

For most applications in laser-material processes, a planar imaging field is necessary for quality output. Traditional optics such as paraxial lenses focuses only on their spherical plane, resulting in distortions such as spherical aberration while imaging on a planar surface.

Begin by precisely defining your requirements for the 3D vision system. This initial step allows you to identify the necessary features and capabilities, enabling a more informed comparison of available options.

First, figure out exactly what you need from the 3D vision system. This will help you understand what features and abilities it should have and compare your options better.

In contrast to 2D vision systems, 3D systems provide a more detailed and accurate view, exhibiting adaptability across various lighting and environmental conditions. Collectively, 3D vision systems emerge as robust and flexible tools, significantly enhancing the performance and reliability of robots and automated systems.

The key specifications of the UV scan lens are listed below. Compared to similar products in the market, we offer a larger scanning area and flexible design of achromatic performance. For high-powered laser and ultrafast laser sources, we offer a special Q-series to minimize thermal lensing and focal shift.

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In simple terms, a 3D vision system captures varied images, employs precise lighting for clarity, and then the software constructs a 3D model. This model is the key to enabling your machines to execute tasks with unparalleled accuracy, making it indispensable for enhancing your line’s speed and precision.

Mastering these components marks the initial stride in revolutionizing your manufacturing process. 3D machine vision goes beyond mere technological upgrades; it allows you to tailor your technology to address your specific challenges. Whether scrutinizing minute components or overseeing intricate assemblies, this technology adapts to enhance your efficiency like never before.

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The true marvel lies in the software, acting as the brain that stitches these multiple images into a unified 3D model. This isn’t merely for display; the model enables your machine to comprehend the precise size, shape, and location of objects.

In a broader context, 3D vision systems prove to be valuable assets across numerous industries, substantially elevating the performance and reliability of robots and other automated systems.

Within the retail industry, 3D vision systems contribute to tasks like sorting and packing products. They enhance the capabilities of robots by enabling them to identify and track objects, resulting in more accurate and efficient picking and placing processes.

Lighting plays a crucial role, ensuring each image is clear, and devoid of shadows or blurs, facilitating accurate scene interpretation by the system.

Back reflection ghosting is the surface reflection from the scanning lens. The reflected focus points appear at different positions. When using a picosecond or femtosecond pulsed laser, the reflected focus point can easily damage the coating or lens material on the lens surface.

The decision between 3D and 2D vision hinges on your particular requirements. If your objective is to verify the correct placement of a label or the presence of a part, 2D vision might suffice. However, if precision in placing parts within an assembly or assessing the volume of a product is paramount, 3D vision is the optimal choice.

3D vision guides robots and other machines in assembling components. It aids in aligning parts accurately, ensuring they are in the correct positions. This is crucial in manufacturing processes where precision assembly is paramount.

The two main design categories of scan lenses include telecentric and non-telecentric F-Theta scan lenses. Telecentric F-Theta scan lens is a special type of lens system whereby the deflected off-axial laser beam can be perpendicularly focused onto the workpiece like the on-axial focusing beam. The advantage of the telecentric scan lens is that it can flatten the field curvature to be least distorted while offering superb spot quality throughout the scan field. The overall design concept is shown in Figure 11.

In manufacturing, 3D vision systems are frequently employed to verify product dimensions and assist in the assembly process. For example, they play a crucial role in ensuring manufactured parts are of the correct size and accurately positioned during assembly.

Usually, the F-Theta lens has two scanning angles, one scanning angle is an optical scanning angle, and another is a mechanical scanning angle. The optical scanning angle is the field of view of the lens, which determines the diagonal length of the maximum scanning field.