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On the other hand, projectors have also played important roles in visual sensing applications; projector–camera systems, which project a reference image onto the target surface and then capture it, can efficiently acquire much spatial information without using markers. Nevertheless, this type of sensing has not been used for DPM because no existing device has ever met the demands. That is, no device can handle display and sensing simultaneously with high performance and without them interfering with each other.
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As a first application case, the team plans to introduce their novel projector for a new type of DPM system, which will be capable of manipulating the appearance of the entire scene based on the sensed shape in a markerless way. “Conventional DPM approaches are limited in that they can only augment the appearance of targets with markers,” states Watanabe, “The new type of mapping enabled by our projector will hopefully extend the fields of application of DPM.” Moreover, while only IR projection will be used for shape sensing in their first project, a projector–camera configuration using the entire system could be designed to acquire deeper spatial and physical information, thereby greatly enhancing projection mapping. (Source: Tokyo Tech)
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An international business–academia collaboration has yielded a new type of projector that can project RGB and invisible infrared images simultaneously and independently at a high speed of almost 1,000 fps. With its high image alignment accuracy enabled by a custom optics engine, this projector will help closely integrate invisible sensing and visible display for a wide range of novel applications, such as dynamic projection mapping.
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Modern projectors and related techniques, such as projection mapping, allow us to visually augment surfaces, opening up vast possibilities for amusement attractions, concerts, stages, digital signage, task assistance, and more. In many of these applications, the projection target is not just limited to a flat, white, and static screen; the projected image has to be controlled in real time to match the surface of complex moving targets and make their augmented appearance more convincing. Techniques used for such purposes are referred to as dynamic projection mapping (DPM) and have gathered much attention over the past few years.
At the core of this projector lie two DLP (Digital Light Processing) digital micromirror devices, which can handle 24-bit RBG and 8-bit IR images simultaneously and independently. The team also developed a novel optical engine to align the images coaxially with excellent precision while allowing for a compact configuration capable of high-power projection. The developed projector has a unique optics engine and two digital micromirror devices that enable it to project RGB and IR images with excellent alignment accuracy.
Reference: U. Lippmann et al.: High-Speed RGB+IR Projector based on Coaxial Optical Design with Two Digital Mirror Devices, PRJ2-4L, 28th International Display Workshops, December 2021
Link: Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, Munich, Germany • Watanabe Lab, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
They rely on visual sensing methods to detect the target surface and require high speed, both in sensing and projection frame rate, to properly merge the projected image and its target without noticeable misalignment. Unfortunately, conventional DPM has limited uses because it either needs markers attached to the target or has to be restricted to a single plane to meet the high speed requirements. Recently developed projection mapping techniques can achieve a very realistic appearance, even in dynamic scenes. However, they suffer from critical limitations, such as the need for markers on moving projection targets.
Fortunately, things might soon change on this front thanks to the new type of projector recently developed by a team led by Yoshihiro Watanabe at Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech), Takeshi Yuasa at Tokyo Electron Device Limited, Uwe Lippmann at Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, and Petra Aswendt at ViALUX. This projector can simultaneously project visible RGB and invisible infrared (IR) images at a high frame rate of 925 fps. “Using our projector, we can construct a system that can sense its target surface using invisible wavelengths based on a projector–camera configuration which is a long-established computer-vision technology,” explains Watanabe, “at the same time, the system can adaptively manipulate the images to display in visible wavelengths based on its sensing results.”
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