Light sources (lamps) are the largest Ecodesign product group in terms of installed units. In 2020, almost 11 billion lamps were in use in Europe, which is more than 24 lamps per EU27 citizen. Although a single light source uses a relatively small amount of energy compared to other Ecodesign products, the huge quantity of installed products makes lighting the third largest energy consumer (following industry components and space heating), covering 8% of the primary energy accounted in EIA for year 2020. The various Ecodesign studies distinguish many different lamp types, but EIA summarises their data in the six main groups explained below (LED, HID, LFL, CFL, HL (tungsten) and GLS).

Light sourcesexamples

Creates an electric discharge arc between two electrodes in a quartz or ceramic tube-like enclosure that contains a gas and metal salts. Provides high-intensity light from a small space. Often used in street lighting. High-pressure mercury lamps phased-out by Ecodesign in 2015. High-pressure sodium lamps (characteristic orange light, not suitable for indoor use) have efficacy 90-140 lm/W. Recent metal-halide lamps produce white light with efficacy 80-120 lm/W.

A guide to all three types of light management films - light transmission, light diffusion, and light reflection.

Rules on Ecodesign for lighting products are mandatory for all manufacturers and importers wishing to sell their products in the EU.

Regulation (EU) 2019/2015 of 11 March 2019 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1369 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to Energy Labelling of light sources and repealing Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 874/2012 (OJ L 315, 5.12.2019, pp. 68-101). More info on Delegated Act.

Polarization is a fundamental property of light. While many optical applications are based on systems that are blind to polarization, a very large number are ...

The difference with the business as usual (BAU) scenario without these estimated measures is shown next to the graph bar. These figures indicate the estimated savings obtained due to the measures.

Regulation (EU) 2019/2020 of 1 October 2019 laying down Ecodesign requirements for light sources and separate control gears pursuant to Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Commission Regulations (EC) No 244/2009, (EC) 245/2009 and (EU) 1194/2012 (OJ L 315, 5.12.2019, pp. 209-240)

Examples of artificiallight sources

For 2030 it is expected that 6.4 bln lamps will be installed in the EU27 residential sector (32 lamps per hh), consuming 27 TWh/a electricity (132 kWh/a/hh). This is 75% less than in 2005, while the number of installed lamps per household increased by 62%. Over 96% of these lamps is expected to be LED. Without measures the 2030 electricity consumption would have been around 51 TWh/a. HL and CFL have higher lifetimes than GLS. In households, LEDs have lifetimes of decades. The shift from GLS, first to HL and CFL, and now to LED therefore implies a much lower need to replace lamps. This resulted in a collapse in sales quantities of lamps for the residential sector, from 1.3 bln units/a in 2005, to 1.1 bln in 2015, and expected 0.2 bln in 2030.

Reviewed & updated 06/16/2017. Creation of this web page was originally supported as part of the Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center at the University of Arizona, NIEHS P30 ES006694.

Following the rescaling of the EU energy label for light sources from 1 September 2021, the new labels use a scale from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). Because of the constant improvement in energy efficiency, most products under the original label had risen to A+ or A++ - and so a rescaling was made in order to be clearer to the consumer about which are the most efficient products on the market. The labels provide information on the product’s

This graphic shows the estimated sales, stock, energy consumption (primary, electric or fuel), greenhouse gas emissions, consumer expenses and business revenues for years 2010 and 2030. The estimated values inside the graph bars are those from the EIA ECO-scenario, i.e. they include the effects of Ecodesign and Energy Labelling measures.

The “cost” of obtaining a higher NA is that the working distance (WD) of the lens becomes much shorter. Working distance is “… the distance between the objective front lens and the top of the cover glass when the specimen is in focus. In most instances, the working distance of an objective decreases as magnification increases.” (1) A smaller working distance can be a problem when you cannot see an object with a high magnification lens, even though you could see it with a low magnification lens. A 10x objective can have a WD of several millimeters (4-10mm, or 4000-10,000um). A well corrected, high NA 20x dry objective will have a WD of slightly less than 1mm (1000um). Most well corrected, high NA 40x and 60x oil objectives have working distances on the order of 0.1mm (100um).

(b) in the event of distance selling, the label and product information sheet are provided, in accordance with Annexes VII and VIII;(c) any visual advertisement for a specific model of light source, including on the internet, contains the energy efficiency class of that model and the range of energy efficiency classes available on the label, in accordance with Annex VII;(d) any technical promotional material concerning a specific model of light source, including technical promotional material on the internet, which describes its specific technical parameters includes the energy efficiency class of that model and the range of energy efficiency classes available on the label, in accordance with Annex VII;(e) existing labels on light sources at points of sale are replaced by the rescaled labels in such a way as to cover the existing label, including when printed on or attached to the package, within eighteen months after the application of this Regulation.

202367 — Absorption and Reflection of Light: Objects like glass, water, and other transparent objects do not absorb light. In fact, they let all the ...

Regulation (EU) 2017/1369 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2017 setting a framework for Energy Labelling and repealing Directive 2010/30/EU (OJ L 198, 28.7.2017, pp. 1-23)

Many of us have looked though the eyepiece of a department store microscope and seen a fuzzy looking “something” with the highest magnification objective lens. It’s not completely surprising that an inexpensive lens would give a blurry image. There are many optical aberrations that need to be corrected to manufacture the expensive lenses that are used on research grade microscopes.

The modern version of the filament lamp. The filament is contained in a small capsule (often placed inside a larger bulb) that is filled with a halogen gas. This extends the lifetime and allows a slightly higher efficacy. HL are available in mains-voltage or low-voltage. Typical efficacies 12 to 20 lm/W.  Halogen lamps were popular as substitutes for GLS, but Ecodesign imposes the phase-out of many types in the coming years (2016-2018).

Light emission derives from electrons that fall back from a high-energy state to a low-energy state, emitting the difference in energy as a photon (a small quantity of light).  Emission occurs in a solid material consisting of very thin (microns) semi-conductor layers (‘solid state lighting (SSL)’. In 2015: 80-140 lm/W. Expected > 200 lm/W in future.

Klein Tools ET130 is an easy-to-use precision light meter that measures illuminance levels in both Foot Candles (FC) and Lux. Backlit LCD display screen ...

(a) each light source which is placed on the market as an independent product (i.e. not in a containing product) and in packaging, is supplied with a label, printed on the packaging, in the format as set out in Annex III;

The classical ‘Edison’ filament lamp. When an electric current is made to pass through a thin metal wire (the ‘filament’), the metal opposes the current flow (electrical resistance) and as a result heats up and starts to glow (becomes ‘incandescent’), emitting electro-magnetic radiation of which a small part is visible, called light. Dominated sales until 2008-2010, but now phased-out due to Ecodesign. Efficacy around 10 lm/W.

In a fluorescent lamp an electric current passes through a gas containing some milligrams of mercury vapour. Excited by the current, this vapour emits an ultraviolet light, that is converted to visible white light by a phosphor coating on the inside of the glass tube (fluorescence). In CFLs the tube is U-bent or a spiral, allowing a compact design that can substitute GLS or HL. Efficacy 50-70 lm/W. CFLs have a warm-up time.

Naturallight sources

From 1 September 2021, the Regulation for Ecodesign requirements for light sources and separate control gears (EU) 2019/2020 repeals and replaces Regulation (EC) 244/2009, Regulation (EC) 245/2009 and Regulation (EU) 1194/2012.

Claus, and the grand highlight of the evening—the lighting of the station's outdoor 40-foot-tall Christmas tree that features more than 7,000-holiday lights.

In December 2021, the Commission adopted new rules ending the use of mercury in lamps that will bring more energy savings and reduce greenhouse-gas emissions.

The European Product Registry for Energy Labelling (EPREL) offers detailed information on models placed on the EU market by scanning the QR code featured on the new energy labels. The database provides information such as the luminous flux, color temperature and cap type.

Light microscopes can, under the best conditions, resolve objects that are approximately equal to half the size of the wavelength used. In the real world this comes out to objects that are 250-300nm in size, if you are using a NA=1.4 objective lens (under optimal conditions). This means that you can make out two adjacent objects in this size range, assuming that you can see at least a 25% dip in intensity between them (Rayleigh criterion). Sample preparation is especially important when you want to resolve structures this small.

High magnification without high NA does not give the resolving power that most people expect from a research grade microscope.  Using a high NA objective lens means that you are most likely sacrificing working distance (how deep into the sample that you can focus) for higher optical resolution. In most instances this is a very acceptable trade off.

Overview Experience the ultimate lighting solution with our LED Dome Light. Crafted from CNC-machined aluminum, this robust light is built to endure the ...

Numerical Aperture (NA) is “… a critical value that indicates the light acceptance angle, which in turn determines the light gathering power, the resolving power, and depth of field of the objective.”(1) As light passes through a sample, the information describing the highest resolution information in the sample is diffracted at a very wide angle. Low magnification lenses typically have low NAs, meaning that they cannot capture the highest resolution information. To capture the widely diffracted information, high NA lenses move the front of the lens closer to the sample (increases the light acceptance angle). Dry lenses can only have NAs of up to 1.0. By using specially formulated oil and oil lenses, NAs of up to 1.4 can be achieved.

(b) upon request by market surveillance authorities, provide information on how light sources can be removed for verification without permanent damage to the light source.

Artificiallight sources

Use technology similar to CFL, but are straight tubes with electric connections on both sides. Available in different lengths (e.g. 0.9, 1.2, 1.5 m) and in different diameters (e.g. T8: 25 mm, T5: 16 mm), often applied for office lighting. Older models (T12 and T8 halo-phosphor) now phased-out by Ecodesign. LFL T8 tri-phosphor have efficacy around 80 lm/W (operating on old electro-magnetic ballast). Still widely used, but many substituted in recent years by modern LFL T5 with an efficacy of around 90 lm/W (operating on more efficient electronic ballast).

20sourcesoflight

G Elert · 2023 — Light is a transverse electromagnetic wave that can be seen by a typical human. Wherever light goes, the electric and magnetic fields are disturbed ...

We respectfully acknowledge the University of Arizona is on the land and territories of Indigenous peoples. Today, Arizona is home to 22 federally recognized tribes, with Tucson being home to the O’odham and the Yaqui. Committed to diversity and inclusion, the University strives to build sustainable relationships with sovereign Native Nations and Indigenous communities through education offerings, partnerships, and community service.

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(a) At the point of sale, each light source which is not in a containing product bears the label provided by suppliers in accordance with point 1(a) of Article 3, with the label or the energy class being displayed in such a way as to be clearly visible, in accordance with Annex III;

2024729 — Lighting has a profound effect on the way we perceive and experience a space. By strategically placing lamps and adjusting their brightness, you ...

It's also essential to choose the right light intensity and color temperature to complement the overall ambiance of the space. Periodic ...

Lamp manufacturers are trying to compensate this by offering new features: smart lamps allowing remote dimming and colour control (through internet or from mobile devices), acting as WiFi transmitters, integrating audio and sensory functions, etc. In 2005 residential consumers spent 17 bln euros (incl. VAT) for lighting their homes (97 euros/hh), of which 2.7 bln euros for light source acquisition and 14.3 bln euros for electricity costs. In 2015 this rose to 18.4 bn euros (96 euros/hh), of which 6.2 bln euros for light source acquisition and 12.2 bln euros for electricity costs. In 2030 total residential expenses for lighting are expected to decrease to 7.7 bln euros (38 euros/hh), of which 1.1 bln euros for acquisition and 6.6 bln euros for electricity (based on PRIMES 2020 Reference projections for electricity prices).

The UArizona Microscopy Alliance is a volunteer and collaborative effort to bring information about shared microscopy facilities to the University of Arizona and the community.

More efficient lighting products will also allow Europe to save up to 34 TWh of electricity per year by 2030, and will prevent around 7 million tonnes of CO2 from being emitted every year.

(b) the parameters of the product information sheet, as set out in Annex V, are entered into the product database;(c) if specifically requested by the dealer, the product information sheet shall be made available in printed form;(d) the content of the technical documentation, as set out in Annex VI, is entered into the product database;(e) any visual advertisement for a specific model of light source contains the energy efficiency class of that model and the range of energy efficiency classes available on the label, in accordance with Annex VII and Annex VIII;(f) any technical promotional material concerning a specific model of light source, including technical promotional material on the internet, which describes its specific technical parameters, includes the energy efficiency class of that model and the range of energy efficiency classes available on the label, in accordance with Annex VII;(g) an electronic label in the format and containing the information, as set out in Annex III, is made available to dealers for each light source model;(h) an electronic product information sheet, as set out in Annex V, is made available to dealers for each light source model;(i) upon request by dealers and in accordance with Article 4(e), printed labels to rescale products are provided as a sticker, of the same size as the one which already exists.

A volunteer and collaborative effort to bring information about shared microscopy facilities to the University of Arizona and the community.

Mar 2, 2021 — The light has to reach the UV glue, so bonding opaque surfaces don't work. I'm sure, just like all glues, there is a wide variation in quality.

Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 establishing a framework for the setting of Ecodesign requirements for energy-related products (OJ L 285, 31.10.2009, pp. 10-35)

The energy label for luminaires is discontinued, meaning that there has been no obligation for luminaires to bear an energy label since 25 December 2019. It is to be noted that certain luminaires could meet the definition of light source in the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/2015 and thus be required to bear an energy label according to it.