Photometry and radiometry testing are vital in the development and manufacturing of lighting products, including LEDs, lamps, luminaires, disinfection products, grow lights, and displays. These tests help verify the product's specifications, performance, and compliance with industry standards, ensuring optimal quality control. By measuring parameters like glare, flicker, and UV radiation, potential hazards can be identified and mitigated, ensuring the well-being of users.

We supervise financial institutions, support American consumers’ financial security, and maintain the financial stability and payment systems for the US Treasury.

We have a long-standing commitment to diversity, equity, inclusion, and opportunity for our employees and the communities we serve.

Intertek provides safety and performance certification to nationally recognized standards for a wide range of products. Our product directories allow you to easily verify products that carry our marks.

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Our research informs the public and policymakers by examining economic issues of importance to those in our local communities, across the nation, and around the world.

If you would like to report an Intertek Certified/Tested product that does not appear to be compliant, or has been involved in an accident, contact us and we'll address your inquiry as soon as possible.

Learn economic basics, dive into inflation, and get educational resources and games for yourself or to share with others.

Hear from local leaders and community development experts about economic problems their communities face and the solutions they are putting forth.

Meet the individuals leading our mission, including the president and executive leadership team, advisory council members, and the boards of directors of each Cleveland Fed branch.

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We can help you to meaningfully demonstrate your commitment to sustainability and manage risk and resilience, whilst supporting your ability to operate effectively and act responsibly.

We supervise financial institutions, support American consumers’ financial security, and maintain the financial stability and payment systems for the US Treasury.

Stay informed on essential regulatory requirements, changes, updates, and notices. Intertek's industry involvement provides you with the information you need to know as soon as you need to know it.

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Learn more about resources supporting required high school, middle school, and elementary school financial literacy courses.

We publish research and analyses to keep audiences informed of economic trends in our region and nationwide. View latest releases or explore our archive.

Visit our Center for Inflation Research for all things inflation—from general information on how inflation works and why it matters to the latest data and analysis on current inflationary trends.

Christiano, Lawrence, and Terry J. Fitzgerald. 1999. “The Band Pass Filter.” Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, Working Paper No. 99-06. https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-199906

We serve the American people as part of the US central bank. We support the US economy and our region by studying economic conditions and issues that impact our communities, serving financial institutions, and providing economic education and resources for all.

Enabling you to identify and mitigate the intrinsic risk in your operations, supply chains and quality management systems.

We publish research and analyses to keep audiences informed of economic trends in our region and nationwide. View latest releases or explore our archive.

We have a long-standing commitment to diversity, equity, inclusion, and opportunity for our employees and the communities we serve.

We serve the American people as part of the US central bank. We support the US economy and our region by studying economic conditions and issues that impact our communities, serving financial institutions, and providing economic education and resources for all.

Browse the Cleveland Fed’s suite of programs and resources for informative ways to learn about personal finance or career readiness.

Sign up for our monthly newsletter to get the latest research, expert interviews, and upcoming events from the Cleveland Fed.

Our wealth of resources, created and shared by our global network of experts, can help ensure that you and your organisation have access to up-to-date knowledge, best practises and education.

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Visit our Center for Inflation Research for all things inflation—from general information on how inflation works and why it matters to the latest data and analysis on current inflationary trends.

We represent and gather information from the Fourth Federal Reserve District, spanning Ohio and parts of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Kentucky. These resources are useful for our region, the communities we serve, and communities across the United States.

Understand the various requirements for Fed-chartered financial institutions and discover the range of services available to them—from cash services and reserve balance data to the discount window.

We produce indicators and datasets to inform the public, policymakers, and researchers about economic conditions, including inflation, employment, and risks to the financial system.

Browse the Cleveland Fed’s suite of programs and resources for informative ways to learn about personal finance or career readiness.

Visit our Center for Inflation Research for all things inflation—from general information on how inflation works and why it matters to the latest data and analysis on current inflationary trends.

The Cleveland Fed is part of the Federal Reserve, the central bank of the United States. With offices in Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Pittsburgh, we serve an area that comprises Ohio, western Pennsylvania, eastern Kentucky, and the northern panhandle of West Virginia. The goal of our work is to strengthen the economic performance of the nation and our region. Learn more about us and what we do.

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We represent and gather information from the Fourth Federal Reserve District, spanning Ohio and parts of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Kentucky. These resources are useful for our region, the communities we serve, and communities across the United States.

Visit our Center for Inflation Research for all things inflation—from general information on how inflation works and why it matters to the latest data and analysis on current inflationary trends.

Hear from local leaders and community development experts about economic problems their communities face and the solutions they are putting forth.

Find out how the Cleveland Fed supervises member banks to ensure financial-system stability and support the US Treasury.

We have a long-standing commitment to diversity, equity, inclusion, and opportunity for our employees and the communities we serve.

Learn more about resources supporting required high school, middle school, and elementary school financial literacy courses.

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Visit our Center for Inflation Research for all things inflation—from general information on how inflation works and why it matters to the latest data and analysis on current inflationary trends.

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The Fed does more than inform monetary policy. Learn about the mission, structure, and role of our organization, both regionally and nationally.

Optical testing is essential for assessing the quality and performance of light emitting products. These tests measure various metrics for both photometric and radiometric applications such as flux, intensity, flux density (illuminance/irradiance), brightness (luminance/radiance), spectral power distribution, color rendering index (CRI), and many more. By conducting these tests, Intertek provides data that is critical in aiding lighting design.

Intertek is the industry leader, with employees in 1,000 locations in over 100 countries. Whether your business is local or global, we can help to ensure that your products meet quality, health, environmental, safety, and social accountability standards for virtually any market around the world.

The Fed does more than inform monetary policy. Learn about the mission, structure, and role of our organization, both regionally and nationally.

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Community outreach, education, and research are central to the Fed’s mission. Connect with us as we share our work, latest publications, and welcome you to visit our learning center.

Learn economic basics, dive into inflation, and get educational resources and games for yourself or to share with others.

Community outreach, education, and research are central to the Fed’s mission. Connect with us as we share our work, latest publications, and welcome you to visit our learning center.

Learn more about resources supporting required high school, middle school, and elementary school financial literacy courses.

Understand the various requirements for Fed-chartered financial institutions and discover the range of services available to them—from cash services and reserve balance data to the discount window.

Working Papers of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland are preliminary materials circulated to stimulate discussion and critical comment on research in progress. They may not have been subject to the formal editorial review accorded official Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland publications. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not represent the views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland or the Federal Reserve System.

Our research informs the public and policymakers by examining economic issues of importance to those in our local communities, across the nation, and around the world.

Find out how the Cleveland Fed supervises member banks to ensure financial-system stability and support the US Treasury.

Visit our Center for Inflation Research for all things inflation—from general information on how inflation works and why it matters to the latest data and analysis on current inflationary trends.

We produce indicators and datasets to inform the public, policymakers, and researchers about economic conditions, including inflation, employment, and risks to the financial system.

Meet the individuals leading our mission, including the president and executive leadership team, advisory council members, and the boards of directors of each Cleveland Fed branch.