Regular laser safety precautions should apply. Please note, that the main incident beam will exit the LBS-400 refracted approximately 6°. Provision must be made to safely contain the transmitted beam by beam dump or power meter.

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Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Grigoryev, P. S., Belykh, V. V., Yakovlev, D. R., Lhuillier, E. & Bayer, M. Coherent spin dynamics of electrons and holes in CsPbBr3 colloidal nanocrystals. Nano Lett. 21, 8481–8487 (2021).

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After removal, an additional laser output, having less than 0.1% of incident beam power will be reflected. That beam could be used for simultaneous measurement of laser power via Ophir Power Meter in addition to beam profiler.

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2016929 — ... find the focal length of the magnifying lens. Solution. The required linear magnification is the ratio of the desired image diameter to the ...

Li, Y. et al. On the absence of a phonon bottleneck in strongly-confined CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals. Chem. Sci. 10, 5983–5989 (2019).

Manipulation of solid-state spin coherence is an important paradigm for quantum information processing. Current systems either operate at very low temperatures or are difficult to scale up. Developing low-cost, scalable materials whose spins can be coherently manipulated at room temperature is thus highly attractive for a sustainable future of quantum information science. Here we report ambient-condition all-optical initialization, manipulation and readout of hole spins in an ensemble of solution-grown CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots with a single hole in each dot. The hole spins are initialized by sub-picosecond electron scavenging following circularly polarized femtosecond-pulse excitation. A transverse magnetic field induces spin precession, and a second off-resonance femtosecond-pulse coherently rotates hole spins via strong light–matter interaction. These operations accomplish near-complete quantum-state control, with a coherent rotation angle close to the π radian, of hole spins at room temperature.

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Regular laser safety precautions should apply. Please note, that the main incident beam will exit the LBS-400 refracted approximately 6°. Provision must be made to safely contain the transmitted beam by beam dump or power meter.

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State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, China

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Tao, W., Zhou, Q. & Zhu, H. Dynamic polaronic screening for anomalous exciton spin relaxation in two-dimensional lead halide perovskites. Sci. Adv. 6, eabb7132 (2020).

The LBS-400 beam sampler attachment for cameras allows you to measure UV or IR wavelength laser beams with diameters up to 1 in. and powers ranging from 10 mW to ~500W(1). The beam sampler is designed so that the preferential polarization selection effect of a single wedge is canceled out and the resulting beam image is polarization corrected to restore the polarization components of the original beam.

After removal, an additional laser output, having less than 0.1% of incident beam power will be reflected. That beam could be used for simultaneous measurement of laser power via Ophir Power Meter in addition to beam profiler.

Yang, Y. et al. Large polarization-dependent exciton optical Stark effect in lead iodide perovskites. Nat. Commun. 7, 12613 (2016).

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Li, Y., Luo, X., Liu, Y., Lu, X. & Wu, K. Size- and composition-dependent exciton spin relaxation in lead halide perovskite quantum dots. ACS Energy Lett. 5, 1701–1708 (2020).

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Yumoto, G. et al. Strong spin-orbit coupling inducing Autler-Townes effect in lead halide perovskite nanocrystals. Nat. Commun. 12, 3026 (2021).

Nature Nanotechnology thanks Paulina Plochocka and the other, anonymous, reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work.

Han, Y. et al. Lattice distortion inducing exciton splitting and coherent quantum beating in CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots. Nat. Mater. 21, 1282–1289 (2022).

(1) For Gaussian beam diameter <1/2 the clear aperture and depending on ND filter and camera saturation limits the maximum power may be as high as 1200W.

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The beam sampler operates by reflecting the incoming beam from the front surfaces of a pair of wedges through 90 degrees into the camera. Approximately 99% of the beam is transmitted through each beam sampler with 0.01% passed on to the camera. A set of adjustable filters are provided to make final intensity adjustments to the beam before it reaches the camera imager.

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Kim, J. et al. Ultrafast generation of pseudo-magnetic field for valley excitons in WSe2 monolayers. Science 346, 1205–1208 (2014).

Yes, the main function of LBS-400 beam splitter is Beam profiling, however, it performs a 3-way beam splitting:Less than 0.01% (1/103) of the beam is reflected in one direction and less than 1% in another while the remaining 99% of the incident laser beam is transmitted.This allows user to measure one of the 3 beams, depending on available power measurement equipment and setup convenience.

Luo, X. et al. Mechanisms of triplet energy transfer across the inorganic nanocrystal/organic molecule interface. Nat. Commun. 11, 28 (2020).

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All data are available in the main text or Supplementary Information and can be obtained upon request from the corresponding author. The data are also available via Figshare at https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Data_for_Room-temperature_coherent_optical_manipulation_of_hole_spins_in_solution-grown_perovskite_quantum_dots_/21378075. Source data are provided with this paper.

Crane, M. J. et al. Coherent spin precession and lifetime-limited spin dephasing in CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals. Nano Lett. 20, 8626–8633 (2020).

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Rainò, G. et al. Ultra-narrow room-temperature emission from single CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots. Nat. Commun. 13, 2587 (2022).

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Lin, X., Han, Y., Zhu, J. et al. Room-temperature coherent optical manipulation of hole spins in solution-grown perovskite quantum dots. Nat. Nanotechnol. 18, 124–130 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01279-x

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Awschalom, D. D., Bassett, L. C., Dzurak, A. S., Hu, E. L. & Petta, J. R. Quantum spintronics: engineering and manipulating atom-like spins in semiconductors. Science 339, 1174–1179 (2013).

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K.W. acknowledges financial support from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant number YSBR-007), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (grant number 2018YFA0208703), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 22173098) and the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (grant number DICP I202106).

The beam blocker is designated to keep one wedge surface protected during handling and shipping. It can be left attached for low power laser operations. However, in the case of high-power laser irradiation scattered light might interfere with beam profile measurement and cause offset. In case of such offset, we recommend removing the beam blocker.

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He, S., Han, Y., Guo, J. & Wu, K. Long-lived delayed emission from CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals for enhanced photochemical reactivity. ACS Energy Lett. 6, 2786–2791 (2021).

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Yin, C. et al. Bright-exciton fine-structure splittings in single perovskite nanocrystals. Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 026401 (2017).

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Giovanni, D. et al. Highly spin-polarized carrier dynamics and ultralarge photoinduced magnetization in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite thin films. Nano Lett. 15, 1553–1558 (2015).

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Li, Y., He, S., Luo, X., Lu, X. & Wu, K. Strong spin-selective optical Stark effect in lead halide perovskite quantum dots. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 3594–3600 (2020).

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Puthenpurayil, J., Cheng, O. H.-C., Qiao, T., Rossi, D. & Son, D. H. On the determination of absorption cross section of colloidal lead halide perovskite quantum dots. J. Chem. Phys. 151, 154706 (2019).

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The beam blocker is designated to keep one wedge surface protected during handling and shipping. It can be left attached for low power laser operations. However, in the case of high-power laser irradiation scattered light might interfere with beam profile measurement and cause offset. In case of such offset, we recommend removing the beam blocker.

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Zhang, J., Tang, Y., Lee, K. & Ouyang, M. Tailoring light–matter–spin interactions in colloidal hetero-nanostructures. Nature 466, 91–95 (2010).

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K.W. conceived the idea and designed the project. X.L. and Y.H. synthesized the samples, performed the spectroscopy with the help of J.Z. and analysed the data. K.W. wrote the manuscript with input from all authors. X.L. and Y.H. contributed equally to this work.

Yes, the main function of LBS-400 beam splitter is Beam profiling, however, it performs a 3-way beam splitting:Less than 0.01% (1/103) of the beam is reflected in one direction and less than 1% in another while the remaining 99% of the incident laser beam is transmitted.This allows user to measure one of the 3 beams, depending on available power measurement equipment and setup convenience.

Imamoglu, A. et al. Quantum information processing using quantum dot spins and cavity QED. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4204–4207 (1999).

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Widmann, M. et al. Coherent control of single spins in silicon carbide at room temperature. Nat. Mater. 14, 164–168 (2015).

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Strohmair, S. et al. Spin polarization dynamics of free charge carriers in CsPbI3 nanocrystals. Nano Lett. 20, 4724–4730 (2020).

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Chen, X. et al. Impact of layer thickness on the charge carrier and spin coherence lifetime in two-dimensional layered perovskite single crystals. ACS Energy Lett. 3, 2273–2279 (2018).

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Tice, D. B., Weinberg, D. J., Mathew, N., Chang, R. P. H. & Weiss, E. A. Measurement of wavelength-dependent polarization character in the absorption anisotropies of ensembles of CdSe nanorods. J. Phys. Chem. C 117, 13289–13296 (2013).

Zhou, M., Sarmiento, J. S., Fei, C., Zhang, X. & Wang, H. Effect of composition on the spin relaxation of lead halide perovskites. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 1502–1507 (2020).

Li, Y., Luo, X., Ding, T., Lu, X. & Wu, K. Size- and halide-dependent auger recombination in lead halide perovskite nanocrystals. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59, 14292–14295 (2020).

The beam sampler operates by reflecting the incoming beam from the front surfaces of a pair of wedges through 90 degrees into the camera. Approximately 99% of the beam is transmitted through each beam sampler with 0.01% passed on to the camera. A set of adjustable filters are provided to make final intensity adjustments to the beam before it reaches the camera imager.

García de Arquer, F. P. et al. Semiconductor quantum dots: technological progress and future challenges. Science 373, eaaz8541 (2021).

The LBS-400 beam sampler attachment for cameras allows you to measure UV or IR wavelength laser beams with diameters up to 1 in. and powers ranging from 10 mW to ~500W(1). The beam sampler is designed so that the preferential polarization selection effect of a single wedge is canceled out and the resulting beam image is polarization corrected to restore the polarization components of the original beam. (1) For Gaussian beam diameter <1/2 the clear aperture and depending on ND filter and camera saturation limits the maximum power may be as high as 1200W.