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In 2007, Polish immigrant Robert Dziekański died in custody at the Vancouver International Airport after Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers used a Taser on him multiple times. A provincial inquiry found the use to be unjustified, and in 2013, the British Columbia Coroners Service ruled the death to be a homicide—citing a heart attack caused by the repeated jolts as cause of death. The incident provoked discussion and inquiries into the appropriateness of Taser use in law enforcement in Canada.[59][60]
Evidence.com is a cloud-based digital evidence management system that allows law enforcement agencies to manage, review, and share digital evidence, particularly video evidence captured with Axon-branded cameras.[12] It includes an automated redaction tool, audit trails for chain of custody purposes, and integrated evidence sharing features.[45] A free application is offered specifically for prosecutors to receive and manage digital evidence.[45]
The company also took significant action against competitors, acquiring the aforementioned Tasertron, and aggressively defending its patents. Patent lawsuits by TASER International led to the shutdown of Stinger Systems and its successor company, Karbon Arms; Robert Gruder founded both companies. Despite the controversies that have centered around the products (including deaths attributed to taser usage), the company maintained its dominant market position.[13]
Each system has its own set of functionalities that make it more suitable for specific tasks. Here are some reasons why a Case Management System is often considered more advantageous when complex incidents have occurred:
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In 2022, a Canadian policeman in Ontario was shot and killed, with an Axon body-worn camera recording the death, marking the first such case in Canada.[24][25]
In January 2016, TASER International was sued by Digital Ally for infringing its two U.S. patents on the automatic activation of law enforcement body-worn cameras. TASER International called the suit "frivolous and egregious".[65]
Case in point: In a 2023 analysis by the Police Executive Research Forum of over 30 years of investigation and clearance rates for the largest 100 law enforcement agencies in the United States, highly performing agencies in the study implemented several key processes:
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Axon Signal is a range of products that are designed to automatically trigger recordings on Axon cameras in response to certain events, such as Signal Vehicle (which can trigger after the opening of doors or activation of sirens), Signal Performance Power Magazine (a successor to the TASER Cam accessory that triggers recordings when an Taser is armed), and Signal Sidearm (a sensor for handgun holsters which triggers recording when the gun is removed).[49]
No matter how big or small your department, case management software can help solve a lot of common issues by making all relevant case information accessible to everyone who needs to see it while securing it from those who don’t. Whether you have criminal cases, excessive force investigations, internal affairs, gang incidents, or intelligence needs, today’s modern software solutions can help law enforcement keep pace with the world around them.
However, on June 6, 2008, the company lost its first product-liability suit.[56] The damages were reduced in the Court of Appeals in 2011.[57] TASER lost its second product liability suit.[58]
Law records management systems and case management software are different by definition and functionality. RMS gets a bad rap when it comes to case management, but it’s not supposed to be case management. Because of this, many agencies assume they have no other options. But this is far from the truth.
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The second generation of Axon body-worn cameras were simpler in form and function than the Axon Pro, removing the bulky monitor in favor of mobile phone integration. Many of the features introduced in these cameras,[35] such as the pre-event buffer, a method of capturing video from before the record button was pressed, have become common requirements in body-worn camera requests for proposal. The Axon Flex and Body only record standard definition video.
A Californian criminal defense lawyer noted that the Evidence.com terms of service gives the company a "non-exclusive, transferable, irrevocable, royalty-free, sub-licensable, worldwide license" to use photos and videos uploaded by its users, and that their policies may violate California privacy law (especially in regards to data involving juveniles).[66]
TASER opened an office in Seattle in 2013,[18] and an foreign office in Amsterdam, Netherlands in May 2014.[19] In June 2015, the company announced the formation of a new Seattle-based division known as Axon, which would encompass the company's technology businesses, including body-worn cameras, digital evidence management, and analytics. Rick Smith explained that the branch was inspired by Microsoft's use of the Xbox brand to branch into entertainment businesses, stating that "Axon was the name that we used for selling cameras historically, but we realized that brand had the room to grow and encompass all of our connected technologies." The Taser brand would still be used for the company's weapons products.[20][21]
In the past, many agencies did all of this on paper. They kept ledgers with incident numbers and dates, counting incidents throughout the year and using this record to create reports and track crime.
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The investigative features that have been bolted onto some RMS systems have proven to be a bit lackluster for demanding case management tasks. Instead, many investigative units within law enforcement agencies are still using paper case folders or home-grown systems for their important case management work and are unable to adhere to best practices.
Especially in the wake of the Michael Brown shooting, the company's body-worn camera business saw significant growth. Smith argued that the company was "not just about weapons, but about providing transparency and solving related data problems."[12] In April 2013, the Rialto Police Department released the results of a 12-month study on the impact of on-officer video using Axon Flex cameras. The study found an 88% drop in complaints filed against officers and nearly a 60% reduction in officer use-of-force incidents.[17]
Axon Citizen is a cloud-based software solution that allows non-law enforcement personnel to share and upload information, including photos and video, directly to a law enforcement agency.[50][51] Agencies are able to send links to any user, allowing them to upload evidence remotely.[52] This functionality is supported by Axon's Evidence.com evidence management system.[52] The product is described as incident-based system that seeks to "structure" and "streamline" the collection of crowd-sourced evidence.[53]
Law records management systems simply do not offer the robust case management features that are required to manage the full lifecycle of an incident, once the initial report has been submitted to the case being courtroom-ready.
The difference between RMS and Case management software is clear. So why haven’t more law enforcement agencies made the move to case management software?
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This lawsuit represents the fifty-ninth (59th) wrongful death or injury lawsuit that has been dismissed or judgment entered in favor of TASER International. This number includes a small number of police officer training injury lawsuits that were settled and dismissed in cases where the settlement economics to TASER International were significantly less than the cost of litigation. One of these cases is that on Feb. 15, 2006, one officer Officer accidentally discharged TASER device on his daughter.[54] TASER International has lost two product liability lawsuits.[55]
Its initial product and former namesake is the Taser, a line of electroshock weapons. The company has since diversified into technology products for military and law enforcement, including body-worn cameras, dashcams, computer-aided dispatch software, and Evidence.com, a cloud-based digital evidence platform. As of 2017, body-worn cameras and associated services comprise a quarter of Axon's overall business.[3]
In 2015, it was discovered that several TASER International employees had review bombed listings on Amazon and iTunes Store for Killing Them Safely, a documentary film by Nick Berardini which documented and investigated major incidents that resulted from taser usage.[62][63][64]
© 2024 SoundThinking Inc. All rights reserved. | SoundThinking™, SafetySmart™, ShotSpotter®, CrimeTracer™, CaseBuilder™, ResourceRouter™, the SoundThinking logo, the SafetySmart Platform logo, the ShotSpotter logo, the CrimeTracer logo, the CaseBuilder logo, and the ResourceRouter logo are trademarks of SoundThinking, Inc. ShotSpotter technology is protected by one or more issued U.S. and foreign patents, with other domestic and foreign patents pending, as detailed in Patents.
Taser's original body-worn camera, the Axon Pro, was introduced in 2009.[12] The camera consists of three components, a head-mounted camera, a controller, and a monitor to review video recordings.[34]
With CaseBuilder™, you can capture and report on incidents, manage investigations, and support all the other functions you need to manage day-to-day. As a result, your clearance rates and crime statistics will improve.
From this definition, you can see that RMS is primarily about reporting functionality. This isn’t a bad thing – reporting is critical for several reasons.
Over time, paper-based systems became unmanageable even for the smallest law enforcement agencies. In today’s day and age, it’s impossible to maintain compliant incident report systems without some sort of electronic RMS.
In 1993, Rick and Tom Smith (CEO Set Jet) formed AIR TASER, Inc. to, with Cover, design a version of the device that would use compressed nitrogen instead of gunpowder as a propellant.[9][10] During development, the company faced competition from another vendor, Tasertron, whose product had become associated with its alleged ineffectiveness during the police confrontation of Rodney King.[11]
On April 5, 2017, TASER announced that it had rebranded as Axon to reflect its expanded business. The company also announced an intent to offer free one-year trials of its body-worn camera products and Evidence.com services to U.S. law enforcement agencies. While the Taser product line still contributes to a significant portion of its revenue, the company's technologies business had seen major gains.[22] As of 2017, they comprised a quarter of the company's business, while Axon cameras had a market share of 85% among police departments in the United States' major cities.[3] The rebranding was also intended to help distance the company from the negative stigma surrounding the Taser brand, with Smith acknowledging that they were "a bit of a distraction" when recruiting employees for its technology business.[3]
Two mobile apps integrate with the Axon cameras and Evidence.com. Axon View can be paired with an Axon body-worn camera to review, tag, and stream videos from the camera.[46] The app can give an officer instant replay and on the spot evidence. This evidence can be crucial for officers and prosecutors. A new feature they added was GPS tagging. Officers can automatically map video evidence with real-time tagging of metadata.[47] Axon Capture is an app that can be used to capture audio, photo, and video evidence and upload it to Evidence.com using an officer's mobile phone.[48]
In 2005, TASER International began to offer an accessory for its taser products, TASER Cam, which added a grip-mounted camera that activated automatically when the safety was disengaged. By October 2010, at least 45,000 TASER Cams had been sold.[14][15]
More and more RMS providers claim new features and functionality, including case management. But agencies are challenged with managing their sensitive narcotics operations, homicide cases, & managing intelligence or confidential informant records in their RMS.
A Case Management System (CMS) and a Law Records Management System (RMS) serve distinct purposes within law enforcement agencies (these include Police departments, Sheriff offices, State Police, Department of Public Safety, specialized Investigative units, and more), and one is not necessarily “better” than the other; rather, they complement each other in managing different aspects of law enforcement work. Many providers do this well. But when those incidents evolve into major cases or include serious and violent crimes, the extent of an RMS’ functionality may not meet the needs of the investigative unit, and you may be losing key functionality when it comes to your investigations.
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Investigators and Detectives, and particularly those investigating major crimes, have an inherent desire to solve cases no matter what. Because of this dedication, they have adopted a mentality of improvise, adapt and overcome. So, when they are handed an RMS system that claims to provide CMS-like features but doesn’t meet their needs, they don’t stop investigating, they just find a workaround. In most cases, this means they go back to what worked before—like a paper-based system. This speaks to a key procurement challenge in the public sector: Law enforcement agencies have to stick to a budget. Once they purchase a system, they can’t switch to something else on the fly if they don’t like what was provided or if the features for case management don’t meet their investigator’s needs.
In addition to body-worn cameras, Axon also offers interview room and in-car video systems, known as Axon Interview and Axon Fleet respectively. These systems, like the body-worn cameras, integrate with the Evidence.com service.[43][44]
In 1969, NASA researcher Jack Cover began to develop a non-lethal electric weapon to help police officers control suspects, as an alternative to firearms.[4] By 1974, Cover had completed the device, which he named the "Tom Swift Electric Rifle" (TSER), referencing the 1911 novel Tom Swift and his Electric Rifle; to make it easier to pronounce as a word, Cover later added an "A" to the acronym to form "TASER".[5] The Taser Public Defender used gunpowder as its propellant, which led the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms to classify it as a firearm in 1976,[6][7] a decision that limited sales.[8] In 1980, the Los Angeles Police Department conducted a successful field test of an improved version (having reconsidered its earlier rejections of the technology after the shooting of Eula Love). Still, the device remained commercially unsuccessful and Cover's company, Taser Systems Inc., collapsed.[8]
Evidence Sync is a desktop application that allows users to review and upload evidence from hardware devices and local files. It is also used to upload logs from Taser weapons to Evidence.com. It can also be used in offline mode to directly access files.
Axon Enterprise, Inc. (formerly TASER International) is an American company based in Scottsdale, Arizona that develops technology and weapons products for military, law enforcement, and civilians.[2]
Law enforcement agencies must record incidents to be aware of what’s going on in their jurisdiction. They can use these records to inform strategies for follow-up and to fight specific types or patterns of crime. Citizens need these reports for legal documentation and to refer to insurance companies. But the real necessity is that law enforcement agencies are required to report crime up the chain, from the local level to the county, state, and national level—and from that, crime rates and trends can be derived. Many agencies also have embraced an “Open-Data” policy within their communities. Exposing minor and major crime data to their constituents is critical to these initiatives.Accessibility to a holistic view of all criminal activity encourages community and law enforcement partnership and trust building.
“An agency-wide system that provides for the storage, retrieval, retention, manipulation, archiving and viewing of information, records, documents or files pertaining to law enforcement operations. RMS covers the entire life span of records development—from the initial generation to its completion. An effective RMS allows single entry of data, while supporting multiple reporting mechanisms.”
SafePointe was exactly what I was looking for: not only because it’s cost-effective, but also because of the flow through.”
In June 2022, after Axon proposed a plan for taser-armed drones to stop school shootings, Axon's institutional review board expressed disagreement with the plan[67] and issued a unanimous statement of concern.[68] Nine members of the board resigned.[69]
Law enforcement software that offers both RMS integration and robust case management capabilities can help you improve incident reporting, clearance rates, community relationships and overall public safety.
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In 2008, the company unveiled its first body-worn camera, the Axon Pro. It was designed to be head-mounted, and upload footage for online storage on a web-based service known as Evidence.com. TASER's CEO Rick Smith explained that the products were designed to "help provide revolutionary digital evidence collection, storage and retrieval for law enforcement".[16] The company piloted Axon Pro in various small cities and towns.[16] In 2009, after prosecutor Daniel Shue exonerated Fort Smith police officer Brandon Davis based on footage from an Axon Pro camera, both Davis and Shue began to provide testimonials for the product in its marketing.[16]
Case management software provides the tools law enforcement needs to run a modern investigative unit and resolve cases efficiently.
After nearly going bankrupt marketing other products such as an electroshock-based anti-theft system for automobiles known as "Auto Taser",[12] the company, later renamed TASER International, introduced its TASER M26 weapon in 1999.[11] With a $6.8 million deficit in 2001, TASER International took steps to improve sales by offering to pay police officers to train others on how to use their products; this marketing technique helped enhance the company's market share, reaching $24.5 million in net sales by 2003, and nearly $68 million in 2004.[11] In May 2001, it filed for an initial public offering and began trading on NASDAQ under the stock symbol TASR.[citation needed]
[ShotSpotter] is a game changer in lives saved, evidence collected, guns off the streets, and cases solved. I’m glad we have ShotSpotter in our community. More importantly our community loves this system and what it does for us.”
The incident comes first. RMS allows you to record and report on them. But case management is about the next steps that have to be taken. Following up and balancing caseloads. Reviewing and clearing cases. Collaborating and running down leads. Staying in compliance throughout the process. This is what RMS systems are missing.
The problem is that since they were originally invented, these electronic law records management systems have barely changed. In fact, some of the original systems that were adopted by law enforcement agencies have only been updated when it was mandated due to changes in data submission requirements of the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). Even today, although there have been some improvements in data collection, the functionality remains the same in many legacy systems.
Law enforcement agencies with case management have a much better clearance rate than those without. This is because a lack of case management software leads to huge inefficiencies. So, there is no clear and verifiable way to track case progress and to quickly see what investigative steps have been completed versus what still needs to get done to clear a case.