Another advantage of a CAD system in law enforcement is the reduction of transmissions through the traditional police radio. Any law enforcement officer can attest, one of the most dangerous situations they can encounter is the inability to call for help when they need it. When a police officer puts out a call for immediate back-up, he or she does not have time to wait for another unit to complete their non-emergency transmission. The use of law enforcement software as part of a CAD system will dramatically reduce unnecessary radio traffic. Patrol units can utilize the self-dispatching feature to assign themselves to calls for service, show that they have arrived on-scene, and note the appropriate clearance code. All of this can be done from their mobile data terminal, without using the two-way radio. By doing so, the radio is available for immediate use by units who are in need of back-up, reporting vital information that everyone on-duty needs to hear without delay, and other emergency transmissions.

CAD’s role in law enforcement goes beyond initial incident reporting. It is instrumental in the efficient coordination of various response efforts. Using the crime report scenario, law enforcement dispatchers can quickly update patrol units, ensuring a swift and coordinated response. The CAD system’s mapping technology also plays a crucial role in pinpointing the exact locations of units in the field, allowing for strategic deployment and response. As the situation unfolds, all new information is fed into the CAD system, keeping all units updated in real-time. This continuous flow of information is crucial not only for immediate response management but also for subsequent analysis and after-action reporting.

The Department publicly releases body-worn camera video of critical incidents within 30 calendar days of an incident. In some cases, it may take more than 30 days if the investigation is complex, a court issues an order delaying or preventing release of the footage, or additional time is needed to allow a civilian depicted in the video, or their family, to view the video in advance. Critical incidents include the following:

The use of computer-aided dispatch (CAD) systems in law enforcement are synonymous with modern policing 911 dispatch software, public safety software. and public safety solutions. Public safety agencies have come to rely on the interoperability of a robust CAD system as an integral part of their operations. These digital technologies have evolved significantly since police dispatching software consisted of a punch-card with handwritten notes.

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All Police Officers, Detectives, Sergeants and Lieutenants regularly assigned to perform patrol duties throughout the city are equipped with body-worn cameras. The NYPD body-worn camera program is the largest in the United States with over 24,000 members of the Department equipped with body-worn cameras. The rollout of these cameras was conducted in three phases.

10-8 System’s computer aided dispatch software brings the latest technology to provide public safety agencies with the most up to date information and pinpoint precise location information to better help response time and connectivity.

In April 2017, Phase 1 of the Department's body-worn camera program began, and by the end of 2017, approximately 1,300 police officers, working the evening shifts in 20 precincts across the city, were outfitted with cameras. This first phase supported a year-long study of the effects of the body-worn cameras.

Alongside the capabilities of a CAD system, the integration of Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) technology plays a pivotal role in modern law enforcement. AVL enhances operational efficiency by providing real-time tracking of patrol units. This integration is key in optimizing response strategies and improving situational awareness. The synergy between AVL and CAD systems ensures that law enforcement agencies are equipped with comprehensive tools for effective and timely responses to incidents. The AVL technology not only aids in quicker deployment of resources but also contributes to a safer environment for both officers and the community.

Information regarding the number of videos provided and their impact upon investigations may be found in the CCRB annual and semi-annual reports found here

Officers must tell members of the public that they are being recorded unless the notification would compromise the safety of any person or impede an investigation. Officers do not need a person’s permission to start, or to continue, recording.

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If a video captures evidence related to a criminal case, the NYPD will turn the video over to the prosecutor with jurisdiction over the matter. Prosecutors will provide video to the defendant(s) in accordance with criminal discovery laws.

The NYPD routinely provides the Civilian Complaint Review Board (CCRB) with body-worn camera video in furtherance of investigations of alleged incidents of misconduct under their jurisdiction. To facilitate more efficient sharing of videos, the NYPD and CCRB drafted a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) regarding the protocols for the search, review, and production of relevant body-worn camera video for cases in which CCRB has received a complaint from a member of the public against a member of the NYPD. Implementation of this MOU is pending the establishment of a secure space within the CCRB facility. Video provided to CCRB may be redacted to protect confidential information or comply with relevant statutes including the sealed records laws (e.g. Criminal Procedure Law section 160.50 – 55) which generally prohibit the release of certain records absent a court order or consent of the individual(s) depicted

The more tasks a CAD system in law enforcement can do, the more time law enforcement officers have to serve their community. Report writing is more efficient when data about a call for service is readily available. Investigators in the field or at their office increase their ability to solve crime when information about suspects, locations, and call history are easily accessed. Additionally, computer-aided dispatch software allows for emergency 911 operators to better manage incoming calls and get vital information to units in the field. Regardless of one’s function within a law enforcement agency, the benefits of computer-aided dispatch software stand to enhance performance and improve public service.

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As CAD systems software advances, it is able to provide far more functionality than simple record keeping. Today, CAD in law enforcement combines with records management systems, mobile data terminals, and external programs, to provide first responders and 911 dispatchers the most up-to-date tools to best serve their communities.

Members of the public can request video under the Freedom of Information Law (FOIL). The NYPD will provide video in response to a FOIL request unless otherwise prohibited by law. The video may contain audio and/or visual redactions to protect the privacy of people captured in the videos, and other protected material pursuant to FOIL and other applicable laws.

A computer-aided dispatch system for law enforcement serves as a permanent record of each activity during a given shift. When incorporated with an agency’s records management system, a CAD system for police organizations will have a host of benefits beyond traditional record keeping. 911 police dispatchers have the ability to instantly research an address to determine past incidents at that location. Further, knowledge of previous law enforcement contact with a particular subject can be paramount to law enforcement safety for responding units. Dispatch software can help keep first responders informed about prior encounters with a subject, including weapons, fleeing and eluding attempts, domestic or other types of violence, prior arrest history, and the status of any active arrest warrants.

Computer-Aided Dispatch, commonly referred to as CAD, represents a crucial technological advancement in the realm of law enforcement communications and data management. Since its emergence in the late 20th century, CAD has become integral to public safety operations, particularly in law enforcement. Its significance was further underscored in 2003 with the establishment of national standards for CAD in law enforcement, heralding a new era of efficiency and coordination in police operations.

Body-worn cameras are small battery-powered digital video cameras that police officers attach to their uniform shirts or winter jackets. Officers must manually activate the record function on the camera to begin recording. The recording capabilities of the cameras are consistent with the capabilities of human eyes and ears. In other words, the cameras are not capable of any enhanced recording capabilities such as night vision. At the end of their shift, officers place their cameras in a docking station in their command. Once docked, recorded videos are uploaded to a cloud based storage solution and the camera’s battery is recharged automatically.

Our mission is to transform the public safety world by offering the highest quality dispatch/record management solutions at an affordable price – enabling those who protect and serve be better equipped to save more lives.

The NYPD will retain all video recordings for 18 months. Video of arrests and other significant incidents will be retained longer.

The use of body-worn cameras has shown that cameras may help de-escalate potentially volatile encounters. The cameras may also provide important evidence in criminal and civil proceedings as well as resolving civilian complaints.

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In December 2017, Phase 2 of the body-worn camera rollout commenced equipping the balance of the officers on all shifts in every Precinct, Transit District and public housing Police Service Area citywide with cameras. This second phase was completed by March 2019 and resulted in more than 18,000 additional officers being equipped with cameras.

Officers may not record certain sensitive encounters, such as speaking with a confidential informant, interviewing a sex crime victim, or conducting a strip search.

From the moment a 911 call is placed, the police CAD system is already compiling a host of essential information for the dispatcher and law enforcement units. CAD integration and mapping systems let 911 dispatchers know the location of a caller and whether the call was placed from a mobile phone or traditional landline. In the event a caller is unable to speak or does not know their location, 911 dispatch software utilizes a mapping feature that can be vital in determining where help is needed. Additionally, computer-aided dispatch systems have the ability to identify which law enforcement units are available to respond. When combined with mapping technology which pinpoints the location of available police units, both dispatchers and patrol supervisors can make crucial decisions about response assignments.

The effectiveness of CAD systems in law enforcement is immediately apparent from the onset of an emergency situation. For example, when a crime report or incident is relayed through the 911 system, the CAD system is activated instantaneously. It employs tools like the Automatic Location Indicator (ALI) to accurately determine the location of the call, whether it’s from a mobile phone or a landline. This rapid information gathering is critical, especially in situations where a caller might be unable to communicate their location or if the call is terminated abruptly.

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Irrespective of jurisdictional range, a CAD system for law enforcement agencies is no longer a luxury, but an operational necessity. Technology allows for law enforcement dispatch software to be customized to the needs of an organization. Smaller agencies will not be required to pay for features they do not need, while larger departments can still depend on a CAD system that will handle their requirements. Options for customized use of CAD in law enforcement can include data management of specialty functions such as criminal investigations, correctional facilities, special operations, courthouse security, civil process, and a variety of other agency components.

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To balance the goals of the body-worn camera program with privacy concerns, officers will not record all interactions with the public. Officers must record certain events, including:

Any events for which recording is required must be recorded from start to finish. If a member of the public asks an officer to turn off the camera, the officer may do so, but may continue recording if the officer thinks it unsafe or inadvisable to stop. Officers may not turn off the camera if a suspected perpetrator is still present on the scene.

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Phase 3 began in March 2019 – rolling out approximately 4,000 body-worn cameras to officers working in specialized units that perform patrol-oriented or support functions. Such units include the Emergency Services Unit, Highway Patrol, Strategic Response Group and Critical Response Command. The roll-out to specialty units was completed by August 2019. Additionally, the executives responsible for leading all of the commands equipped with body-worn cameras were also issued cameras during this phase.

The historical data within a CAD system is also a valuable tool for administrators when it comes to organizational planning. Budget proposals can be supported by statistics showing call volume and type, trends in crime rates, and workload changes using geospatial mapping. Further, when determining manpower needs, policy makers have a wealth of information at their disposal to help determine personnel assignments, specialty unit functions, and future equipment needs. A CAD system for law enforcement can go beyond conventional policing functions. When used as part of an agency’s overall records management system, computer-aided dispatch software can provide information about fleet services, finance/budgeting, human resources, and public relations.

All officers equipped with body cameras have received training on how the cameras function, how to use the video management software, as well as the NYPD’s body camera policies. As part of their training, officers also, participate in role-play scenarios in order to acclimate themselves to the proper use of the cameras.

Many 911 dispatch centers require dispatching software like next generation 911 that can work for multiple public safety agencies. A customized computer-aided dispatching system can address the needs of not only different law enforcement agencies, but fire services, EMS, flight medics, forestry/park rangers, marine units, aviation, and nearly any organization benefiting from the use of service dispatch software. All of these agencies can be served by a computer-aided dispatch system that is logging valuable information, in real time. This includes unit identifiers detailing who did what and when, dispatch operator identification to know who manually logged information, and a chronological record of each detail of a call for service. Whether an incident was over in a few minutes or lasted weeks, CAD software keeps track of it all and preserves incident data for on-demand availability.

The purpose of body-worn cameras is to record enforcement, investigative and other encounters between the police and the public. They provide a contemporaneous, objective record of these encounters, facilitate review of events by supervisors, foster accountability, and encourage lawful and respectful interactions between the public and the police.

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Additionally, the Department may release other extrinsic evidence along with any relevant body-worn camera video if it may provide context for the incident and assist the viewer in understanding what lead up to the event as well as what transpired during the event. Video may be redacted (e.g., faces of civilian witnesses and bystanders blurred, etc.), as appropriate, to protect personal privacy and comply with all relevant laws, prior to being released to the public. Unedited video of a critical incident will be maintained, and provided to an appropriate investigating authority (e.g. District Attorney, etc.).

In routine cases, officers will be allowed to view video before preparing reports and in preparation for a court proceeding. In officer–involved shootings, use-of-force cases, or when police misconduct is alleged, access to the video may be restricted and officers will only be able to view video at a time allowed by the supervisor in charge of the investigation. This includes before making an official statement in the course of the investigation. The technology does not enable officers to edit or delete any video evidence.

In law enforcement, the integration of CAD software with Records Management Systems (RMS) is a game-changer, significantly improving operational productivity. This symbiosis allows for instant data access and sharing among different units. For instance, in response to a reported crime, the dispatcher’s screen is automatically populated with essential details about the incident location, the nature of the crime, and the identification of the nearest and most suitable response units. This integration also extends to mobile technology, providing officers in the field with real-time access to vital information through devices like in-car laptops and smartphones.

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