On the next screen, you're asked to create a name for your group, select a duration of time for disappearing messages (more on these below), and then tap "Create." As long as you added at least one person to the group chat, you'll go to the main chat screen.

"Who Can Find Me By Number," controls whether someone can type your phone number into the search bar to find you, or pull up your phone number through their address book. This is set to "Everybody" by default. If you set it to "Nobody," it makes it so even people who do have your number in their address book will not be able to easily find you on Signal. You will instead have to share your Signal username with them. To change this setting:

"Who Can See My Number," controls whether or not your phone number is visible to people (or groups) you message. For example, if set to "Everybody," when you're in a chat with someone, even if you previously only exchanged usernames, they can see your phone number. This is set to "Nobody" by default.

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Signal's default setup is relatively secure, but there are a few things to consider changing, and some features you may want to tinker with.

Since 1930, the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program has collected information about crimes known to and arrests made by law enforcement. The UCR Summary Reporting System (SRS) collected monthly counts of the number of crimes known to law enforcement from thousands of agencies throughout the United States. Information on the number of crimes known was recorded for ten offense categories, based on the most serious offense reported for each crime incident:

If you use biometrics (like your fingerprint or face) or a PIN to lock your phone, you can also lock down the entire Signal app. This means after unlocking your phone, you'll need to authenticate again to open the app or access chats. To lock the whole app:

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You can also set the permissions of the group chat to restrict people from renaming the group or adding new members. Tap the group chat name, then "Permissions" and change the settings however you prefer.

Signal requires a working phone number to set up. While Signal doesn't use SMS, your phone number is used to verify who you are and limit you to one account. By default, your phone number is not visible in your Signal profile unless someone already has that number in their address book. If you do not want to use your primary phone number, Freedom of the Press Foundation has tips for getting a secondary number.

After an introductory screen with information about the Terms and Privacy Policy, you will see a dialogue explaining why Signal requests the “Contacts” permission on your phone.

As of January 1, 2021, the FBI’s National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) became the national standard for law enforcement crime data reporting in the United States. The transition to NIBRS represents a significant shift – and improvement – in how reported crime is measured and estimated by the federal government.

By default, you will see certain content in Signal when you open the app switcher. For example, if you switch back and forth between apps while chatting with someone, the app switcher will show the contents of those messages. The main concern here would be if someone happens to look over your shoulder when you switch apps and get a glimpse at your private chats. You can set up Signal so it blocks this view:

When you want to share your username with someone, you can tap [profile picture in the top left] > [box with your name at the top of the screen] > QR Code or Link to share a link or a QR code.

This is also a good time to audit any keyboard you've installed in the past and perhaps forgotten about. If you do not need them, use them, or know enough about the keyboard app to feel comfortable using it, it's best to remove it:

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You can also optionally create a username to share with others instead of your phone number. We'll get into setting this up below.

If the connection to the proxy is successful, you'll see a status message telling you that it works. When using a proxy server, your messages are still end-to-end encrypted, though the proxy provider can see your IP address .

Signal is a free and open-source application for Android, iOS, and desktop that employs end-to-end encryption to keep communications safe. Signal has certified to courts that it only maintains two types of user data available to law enforcement: timestamps of when each account was created and the date that each account last connected to the Signal service.

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Once you've started a message thread, you can consider verifying the authenticity of the person you are talking with to make sure their encryption key wasn't tampered with (a process called key verification ). This may not be necessary for everyone you communicate with, but can be useful in cases where you're talking about private information. The process works the same on both Android and iPhone:

On both Android and iPhone, you also have the option on this screen to limit who can find you by your number. By default, this is set to "Everybody," meaning that anyone who has your phone number in their phone's address book will automatically find you on Signal. If you don't want it to work like this, tap "Who can find me by my number?" and change the setting to "Nobody." Unless you also set up a username, nobody will be able to initiate a chat with you if you set this to "Nobody." Once a username is set up, people will only be able to start a chat with you if they have your username.

You will see a string of 60 numbers and a QR code. Match the color cards with the person you're verifying with, and then you can either verify by manually reading off these numbers to make sure they correspond with your contact's numbers, or if you're in the same location, you can scan the QR code that appears on this screen. If needed, you can also copy the numbers and share it over a secondary secure channel. Once verified, tap the "Mark as verified" button.

In 1982, BJS and the FBI sponsored a study of the UCR Program, with the objective of revising the program to meet the changing needs of law enforcement moving into the 21st century. This effort to provide more comprehensive and detailed crime statistics, which proposed the development and implementation of a new data collection, the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS).

If you're in a circumstance where you're calling someone you don't trust (or they're calling you), consider changing how Signal routes your call. By default, Signal uses peer-to-peer calling, which can leak your IP address to the other caller. If that caller is not in your contacts list, Signal defaults to an option that relays the call through their service, hiding your IP address. But you can also enable this for every call, if needed. But note that the increase in privacy comes at the cost of call clarity.

If you previously allowed Signal access to your contacts, you will see a list of all the registered Signal users in your contacts. Pick the person you want to message, or type in a phone number. From this screen, you can start chatting, or initiate a phone (or video) call. If you're using Signal on Android, you can initiate calls from the call tab, as well.

When you create a new story, you will always get the above options to choose who can view it. You will also get the option to restrict it to only a specific group chat.

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In order to use Signal, the person you are contacting must have Signal installed. But otherwise, using Signal works essentially the same as other chat and phone apps you've used. Alongside text, you can send stickers, photos, voice memos, GIFs, files, and more. All of these are also end-to-end encrypted.

You can change your username anytime you want without losing the chats and contacts you have already started, but if someone only has your old username and tries to contact you, they will not find you. Note that if someone who you've blocked changes their username, they will continue to be blocked.

NIBRS data more accurately reflect the types of crime addressed by police agencies, like simple assault, animal cruelty, destruction of property, intimidation, and identity theft. The broad scope of the information collected in NIBRS will greatly improve the nation’s understanding of crime and public safety.

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Download location: Google Play Store, Apple App Store System requirements: Android 5 or later, iOS 13 or later Version used in this guide: Android: 7.0. iPhone: 7.0 License: GPLv3 Level: Beginner Time required: 15-20 minutes Other reading:

In addition, the SRS collected counts of arrests only for an additional set of offense categories, broken down by the age, sex, and race of the arrestee.

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Signal can check your contacts list to see who is using Signal. To do this, Signal uses a private contact discovery system. The data uploaded to Signal is immediately deleted after your contacts are matched up. If sharing your contacts with Signal is a concern, you can deny the contacts permission. If you don’t allow this permission, you can still use Signal, but you have to manually enter phone numbers to begin chatting with people. You can change this in the future, but for now, choose to allow or deny access:

If you enable the share link and change your mind, you can always delete the link, or reset it. This is helpful if the link was shared by someone you don't want in the group. Tap the group chat name, then "Group Link" to change these settings.

Next up is creating a profile and a PIN. The profile image and name you choose will be shown to any contacts you have saved in your address book, when you initiate or accept new chats, and when you join new groups. While a first name (either genuine or made up) is required, the image and last name are optional. A PIN keeps your information safe on Signal’s servers, and if you switch phones you will be able to recover your settings, profile, and contacts using it.

Despite the name, Signal's usernames don't work like you may be used to on social media accounts, nor do they work exactly like a phone number. Think of your username more like a "discovery handle." It's a way for people to easily find you, and you can change it as often as you like. By default, after you set up a username, anyone you chat with will not be able to see your phone number unless they already have your number in their phone's address book.

Some phones give you an option for custom keyboards, but a custom keyboard can leak information to third-parties. On Android, you have the option for an "Incognito keyboard" in Signal that can prevent some keyboards from collecting data, though it is not a guarantee to protect you from a malicious keyboard.

By default, when you view a story, the person who created that story may be able to see that you viewed it. If you don't like the idea of others knowing when you've viewed their stories, you can hide that information. When you do, it will also make it so you cannot see who has viewed your stories:

As with most chat apps, communications can be made between either individuals or a group, allowing you to send end-to-end encrypted text, picture, audio and video messages, as well as live video and audio calls. Everyone must have the Signal app installed to communicate with each other. Encrypted calls and messages use your data connection, so both parties in the conversation must have internet access on their mobile devices. Due to this, you will not incur SMS and MMS fees when using Signal.

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Signal can send a link preview when you send a contact a link to a website. This generates a preview image along with the link instead of just showing the text of the URL. This may leak the fact you're sharing on Signal to the website (though the site still wouldn't know anything more than that). These are disabled by default, but if you've enabled them and want to turn them off, you can.

Since Signal treats your phone number like a username, you may need to change it if you get a new number, or if you decide that you want to get a secondary number for communication. You can change your number easily:

Signal's Stories feature works similarly to Instagram or Snapchat, where a photo or video exists in the app for a set amount of time. Like a social network, you can control who can see these stories:

Enabling "Registration Lock" prevents your phone number from being registered on a different device without the PIN you set up when you first installed Signal. Make sure you write this PIN down, because without it, you will not be able to get back into your Signal account for at least seven days if you change phones.

Now, when you send the photo or video, the recipient can only view that content one time, but keep in mind they can still take a screenshot of it.

If you cannot access Signal because the service is blocked in your region, you can try using a proxy server. When you connect to a proxy server, you connect to a server set up by volunteers, not Signal, which in some situations can help you use Signal in places where it's blocked. Accessing Signal over a proxy server is straightforward, but in order to find a reliable one you will need to search online. It is usually best to search on social media for proxy details when you're in need of one. To use a proxy server:

If you have no interest in the Stories feature, you can disable Stories entirely. Doing so makes it so you cannot view other's stories, and removes the "Stories" tab from the app's main screen:

You can also change the length of time before a message disappears in each of your chats. The process is the same on both Android and iPhone:

Disappearing messages rules apply to any sort of communication you do in a chat, including text, files, photos, location, GIFs and whatever else. But when you delete a reply to a message, the behavior can be a little different than you may expect.

Alongside one-on-one chats, Signal also supports group chats and group video calls. Both of these are end-to-end encrypted. Creating a new group works the same on both Android and iOS:

Signal has a feature called "disappearing messages" which ensures that messages will be removed from your device and the device of your contact(s) in a chat a chosen amount of time after the messages are seen (the countdown starts when the recipient opens the message, not after you send it). While it's a handy feature, remember that those you are chatting with can log or take screenshots of your conversation, even if you’ve enabled disappearing messages. You can set up a default time period for disappearing messages for every new chat you create: