There are also combination cartridges and solutions if your project involves exposure to both acid gases and organic vapors.

True respirator masks such as N95 respirators are designed to protect the wearer from airborne particles and from liquid contaminating the face. They filter at least 95 percent of airborne particles such as dust, mists and fumes. These masks are approved by NIOSH because they effectively block out particulates down to .3 microns and large droplets won’t pass through the barrier. N95 respirators do not protect against oil-based particles.

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Contrary to masks, respirators are tested and approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), a division of the Centers for Disease Control. For NIOSH to approve a respirator, it must be able to capture and filter particles of varying sizes, including those so small you can't see them (like viruses and bacteria). Unlike cloth masks or surgical masks, respirators feature a tight seal to the face, and are made of a specially woven and statically charged fabric that filters 95 to 99.7 percent of all air particles as you breathe.

For reusable respirators, establish a cartridge/filter change schedule by using a service life calculator or using common change schedules based on substance-specific standards as defined by OSHA. If at any time you detect a smell, taste or irritation from the contaminants, leave the contaminated area immediately, replace the cartridges and perform a seal check before reentering the hazardous area. In environments containing oily aerosols, replace filter according to manufacturer instructions.

The type of replacement cartridge and filter you need largely depends on your particular working environment and individual requirements. There are four aspects to consider when purchasing respirator cartridges and filters: exposure to Airborne Particles, Organic Vapors vs. Nuisance Level Organic Vapors and Acid Gases.

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Masks have now become a more common, everyday item. They are useful in preventing the spread of disease, as well as helping with allergies and respiratory issues. You may have never heard the term "respirator" or "N95" before, or thought about how it works or differs from other types of face masks. But, there are some major differences to know.

Laboratories are classified from Class A-D according to fire hazard, with A being a high fire hazard and D being a minimal fire hazard.  Most research wet labs are classified as A,B, or C. The quantity of compressed gases allowed in research labs is determined by NFPA 55 Table 6.3.1.1. Laboratory quantities may also be reduced depending on their level above or below grade, as determined by EH&S.

Basic dust masks and one-time use respirators for things like lead abatement are simple to use. The packaging will typically indicate what these respirators are for, and they do not require replacement cartridges. More powerful half-mask respirators and full-face respirators are often fitted with removable, replaceable cartridges to provide the required protection. Most models will tell you what they’re designed for right on the packaging, but a color-coded system implemented by OSHA makes finding the right cartridge simple.

Gas Mask

There are many types of respirators, and choosing the correct model is essential for safety purposes. This guide will explain the different types of respirators available, including single-use and multi-use options. This guide will also help clarify the important differences between masks and respirators, outline different respirator certifications and uses and explain how replacement cartridges work. Read on to learn about the best mask for paint, mold and more. If you need to know which respirator is best for your DIY project, check out this respirator quick reference guide. For pro projects, check out this pro respirator quick reference guide.

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Instructional labs are classified as C or D lab units and thus the storage of all gases must be limited to 10% of those allowed in NFPA 55 Table 6.3.1.1. The maximum quantity of flammable or oxidizing gases stored in instructional labs shall not exceed 100 cubic feet at STP. Gases classified as highly toxic or toxic by NFPA 55 shall not be permitted.

A flammable Gas is any substance that exists in the gaseous state at normal atmospheric temperature and pressure and is capable of being ignited and burned when mixed with proper proportions of air or oxygen. Certain flammable gases may be mixed with inert gas to reduce their flammability or render them non flammable. The reference for a mixed gases’ flammability should be the manufacturers supplied Safety Data Sheet. This is very common with Hydrogen, and in general a nonflammable mixture of hydrogen may be less than 5.5% H2 in Nitrogen, less than 3.1% in Argon, or less than 4.97% in Helium, as indicated on the SDS. Other flammable gases such as Methane, Ethylene, and Carbon Monoxide may have similar mixture classifications.

New respirators may or may not come with the appropriate cartridges. Check before buying and ensure you get the right type of cartridge for the job.

It is a common misconception that respirators and masks provide the same type of protection. Respirators can help protect you while you breathe in by filtering out small and even microscopic particles in the air, whereas cloth and single use masks are more about protecting those around you from large particle droplets as you breathe out, cough or sneeze.

NIOSH N95

P Ratings = Oil Proof. For protection against oil-based and non-oil based particles. Examples of oil particles include lubricants, cutting fluids, glycerine, some pesticides, and some solvents.

Special ventilation requirements such as NFPA 55 compliant gas rooms or exhausted enclosures may be required for:

3M respirator Selection Guide

Flammable compressed gasses are often used in research and academic settings. Their use and storage is outlined in several different fire and safety codes including NFPA 55, NFPA 45, and OSHA 1910. Engineering data on specific gases, storage, and piping recommendations can be obtained from the Compressed Gas Association.

Simple cloth face masks and coverings do not form a tight seal around your mouth and nose, limiting their ability to protect you from germs that may be in the air, since particles can leak in around the edges. However, these masks still help to slow the spread of airborne viruses because they offer a barrier that helps keep germs and large particle droplets from reaching other people as you talk, cough or sneeze.

Paper dust masks are designed to reduce exposure to solid particles like dirt, silica and pollen. Dust masks are not National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-approved disposable filtering facepieces. Dust masks are not true respirators and do not offer protection against hazardous dust, gases or vapors. If the dust mask does not have a valve in the front and is made of paper instead of non-woven polypropylene fiber, it’s not a respirator. These simple masks can be worn during activities like mowing, gardening, sweeping and dusting.

If you experience any of the 3D's (Dirty, Damaged, Difficult to Breathe Through) while using your respirator, go to a non-contaminated area and replace the respirator (if disposable) or change the filters (if reusable).

Ventilator

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Respirator mask

PPE

Be sure to determine what type of filter you will need for your project before purchasing. Most cartridges follow OSHA's color coding system as outlined below:

The Home Depot carries an assortment of PPE equipment. Get the right protective gear to get your project done safely. Use The Home Depot mobile app to order what you need for delivery or curbside pickup, or to find products fast with image search.

Storage of compressed gases is limited by building type and control area. These interpretations must be made by EH&S Staff members, but in general are limited to between 3-6 cylinders per control area. Since there may be several labs using flammable gases per control area, please consult with EH&S if you plan on using or storing flammable gas.

PAPR

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Respirators are a type of personal protective equipment (PPE) worn on the face. They remove contaminants from the air using cartridges, filters or canisters. It is important to know which respirator type, certification and replacement cartridges you may need before you begin your project. Whether you’re taking on a major paint job, dealing with potentially dangerous chemicals like lead or doing daily tasks like sanding and woodworking, choosing the right type of mask will help you breathe easy.

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Official engineering sources such as the Compressed Gas Association should be considered, but in general these rules should be followed:

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Unlike regular masks, respirators are rated by NIOSH, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, a division of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Respirators are classified as N (Not Oil Resistant), R (Oil Resistant), or P (Oil Proof), and the associated number (95, 99, 100) represents the percentage of airborne particles that mask is able to remove fom the air.

Choosing the right respirator for your task or work environment is essential. If your respirator is not the right size for your face, it won’t provide adequate protection, even if you’re using a heavy-duty full-face model. Use these tips to pick a respirator that’s the right size so you get the maximum amount of protection possible:

R Ratings = Oil Resistant: For protection against dust, mists, fumes and occasional oil particle exposure. When using R-rated filters in oil-filled environments, you should only use the respirator for 8 hours at a time. Examples of oil particles include lubricants, cutting fluids, glycerine, some pesticides and some solvents.

Still confused about which respirator might fit you? Try a size medium respirator first. About 80 percent of the adult population can effectively wear a medium respirator.

All flammable gas storage and use areas must be designated as such by posting appropriate “Flammable Gas” signs on all entrances. Potential ignition sources such as bunsen burners and electrical equipment must be eliminated from designated areas. Mixtures of flammable gases must be labeled with the constituents and their concentrations prominently near the top of the cylinder, around eye level.