The film Friday the 13th often showed the killer's perspective, and the killer was not revealed until the end. Horror and thriller movies often use POV to make the audience see only what one character sees, to add suspense.

Once the file is downloaded, it installs in just a matter of minutes. The program is installed on a computer in two versions – as a standalone program and as a plug-in within Word and Excel. The standalone program is using for redacting multiple files at once and for other advanced operations. The plug-in is used to redact a single Word or Excel file.

One common situation is e-discovery, when you need to produce files in their native formats. With this software, you can safely provide documents with sensitive information securely redacted. Another situation suggested to me by Donna Payne is when you are working with someone – perhaps a client or another lawyer – who you want to have access to a file, but not allow them to see parts of the file that are sensitive.

When the leading actor is the subject of the POV it is known as the subjective viewpoint. The audience sees events through the leading actor's eyes, as if they were experiencing the events themselves. Some films are partially or totally shot using this technique, for example the 1947 film noir Lady in the Lake, which is shot entirely through the subjective POV of its central character in an attempt to replicate the first-person narrative style of the Raymond Chandler novel upon which the film is based.[2]

A word of caution: When Redact Assistant redacts, it means it. Even the licensed user of the program cannot reverse a redaction. Once a file is redacted, saved and closed, the redaction is permanent. Even before the file is saved and closed, the “undo” command works for redactions only in Word, not in Excel. That means that you should create copy of the original file before redacting it, so only the copy is redacted and the original is preserved.

Enter the Void (2009) by Gaspar Noé is shot from the first-person viewpoint, although in an unusual way, since most of the movie involves an out-of-body experience.

A useful feature is the ability to select from a list of predefined terms for redaction. This lets you choose to redact full or partial Social Security numbers, credit-card numbers and U.S. telephone numbers. Simply select an option from this list – such as “Social Security Number – Full” – and the program will search all the selected documents for Social Security numbers and redact them.

The action film Hardcore Henry (2015) consists entirely of POV shots, presenting events from the perspective of the title character, in the style of a first-person shooter video game.

Another popular redaction program, Redact-It, does work with both Word and Excel. However, it does not allow the redactions to be saved in the native Word and Excel formats. Rather, it outputs the redactions to PDF or TIFF files.

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The film The Silence of the Lambs (film) (1991) contains a large number of shots shown from Clarice Starling's (Jodie Foster) POV, in which other characters often look at and talk directly into the camera lens.

With the copy open in Word or Excel, select the text to be redacted and then click “Redact Selection” on the Redact tab. If you make a mistake in Word, you can use the Undo command to reverse the redaction. In Excel, you cannot undo a redaction, so be careful.

Ideally, most law offices would want multiple redaction tools, so that they have the right tool for the right document at the right time.

Supporting narrative elements are required to indicate the shot to the viewer as a POV shot. These may include shot sequencing, sound effects, visual effects and acting.

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Donna Payne, CEO of PayneGroup, recently provided me with a brief demonstration of Redact Assistant and then provided me with a free download of the software to test on my own computer. I found the software to be easy to install and easy to use, both for simple redactions and more complex operations.

A final option when redacting multiple documents is to set search options for the terms to redact. This lets you select a term or phrase (or multiple terms or phrases) and designate options for searching for the term or phrase. You can this to perform wildcard searches or “sounds like” searches, for example, or to match a specific case or ignore punctuation.

Lawyers often have to redact documents in order to obscure confidential, privileged or sensitive information. Redaction is most typically required for documents filed with a court or exchanged during discovery.

Once you’ve completed redacting the document, save and close it. At that point, the redactions are permanent. Even you as the author cannot reverse them. However, the document remains in its native Word or Excel format and can be edited and manipulated in all other ways.

The documentary I Didn't See You There (2022) is shot from the physical perspective of director Reid Davenport, largely from his electric wheelchair. The film expands the scope of point-of-view cinema towards a disabled aesthetic generated by Davenport's embodiment.

Bob Ambrogi is a lawyer and journalist who has been writing and speaking about legal technology and innovation for more than two decades. He writes the award-winning blog LawSites, is a columnist for Above the Law, hosts the podcast about legal innovation, LawNext, and hosts the weekly legal tech journalists' roundtable, Legaltech Week.

Bob is a lawyer, veteran legal journalist, and award-winning blogger and podcaster. In 2011, he was named to the inaugural Fastcase 50, honoring “the law’s smartest, most courageous innovators, techies, visionaries and leaders.” Earlier in his career, he was editor-in-chief of several legal publications, including The National Law Journal, and editorial director of ALM’s Litigation Services Division.

Installation of Redact Assistant creates a “Redact” tab in Word and Excel. This is where you find the commands you can use to redact a single file within those programs. As noted above, you will want to create a copy of the original file before making any redactions.

Another option is to create and save lists of search terms. The lists must be created in the standalone program, but then can be used either in the standalone program or within Word and Excel. To create a list, type the search terms in the dialog box and save it. To use the list, click “Actions > Load Search Terms” and select the desired list.

After selected the files, the next step is to identify the terms to redact. You can list multiple words, phrases and patterns to be redacted in a single operation. For example, you can list both “Mrs. Smith” and “Sarah Smith” to redact all instances of both phrases.

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ABOUT LAW SITES LawSites is a blog covering legal technology and innovation. It is written by Robert Ambrogi, a lawyer and journalist who has been writing and speaking about legal technology, legal practice and legal ethics for more than two decades.

If you need a tool for redacting Word and Excel files, Redact Assistant does the job well. It is easy to use, it has advanced features for handling multiple documents and searches, and, at $45, it is reasonably priced.

To test out the redactions, I copied all the redacted and unredacted text from a document into a simple text-only file. In the text-only file, the blacked-out text from the redacted document appears as only “|||||||||||.”

Nearly the entire film Maniac is shot from the murderer's point of view, with his face being shown only in reflections and occasionally in the third person.

In making 1927's Napoléon, director Abel Gance wrapped a camera and much of the lens in sponge padding so that it could be punched by other actors to portray the leading character's point of view during a fist fight, part of a larger snowball fight between schoolboys including young Napoleon. Gance wrote in the technical scenario that the camera "defends itself as if it were Bonaparte himself. It is in the fortress and fights back. It clambers on the wall of snow and jumps down, as if it were human. A punch in the lens. Arms at the side of the camera as if the camera itself had arms. Camera K falls on the ground, struggles, gets up." In the scenario, "Camera K" refers to Gance's main photographer, Jules Kruger, who wore the camera mounted to a breastplate strapped to his chest for these shots.[9]

A point of view shot (also known as POV shot, first-person shot or subjective camera) is a film scene—usually a short one—that is shot as if through the eyes of a character (the subject). The camera shows what the subject's eyes would see. It is usually established by being positioned between a shot of a character looking at something, and a shot showing the character's reaction (see shot reverse shot). The POV technique is one of the foundations of film editing.

Redaction is not so straightforward in Microsoft Word and Excel. To redact text in these programs, you need a third-party plug-in. For Word 2007 and 2010, a free redaction tool can be downloaded from http://redaction.codeplex.com. The tool was created by a Microsoft engineer, but it is not officially supported by Microsoft. Its functionality in Word is limited and it does not work with Excel.

The reason to buy this program is for its ability to redact Word and Excel files in their native formats. Not every lawyer needs that ability. Often, redacting a document in PDF is sufficient. However, there are a number of situations where it could be useful to have the ability to securely redact native files.

For PDF documents, redaction is a fairly simple process, because most of the leading PDF programs used by lawyers include redaction as a built-in feature. Both Adobe Acrobat Pro and Nuance Power PDF Advanced include the ability to black out sensitive information.

POV footage has existed since the first cameras were mounted in early airplanes[3] and cars, anywhere a film's creator intended to take viewers inside the action with the psychological purpose of giving viewers a feel of "What he or she is going through", he or she being a participant in the subject matter. Cameras were increasingly introduced into more difficult experiences.

Recently, PayneGroup released Redact Assistant, a new product that makes it easy to redact information in native Word and Excel documents in Office 2013 and 2010. It offers several advanced features, including the ability to redact multiple terms in a single operation and to redact multiple files at the same time. It is the only stand-alone program that saves Excel redactions in Excel format.

Up until the 2010's, the race for hands-free POV cameras for use on a consumer level has faced problems. The technology has had issues with usability, combining lenses with microphones with batteries with recording units; all connected using spidery cables, which proved cumbersome in use when compared to the quality of the end content. Since then, improvements in mobile phone camera systems and the introduction of action cameras from companies like GoPro, DJI, and Insta360 have risen to the occasion and offer sophisticated camera stabilization with video quality that is impressive for their small camera sensor size.[6][7][8]

Point-of-view, or simply p.o.v., camera angles record the scene from a particular player's viewpoint. The point-of-view is an objective angle, but since it falls between the objective and subjective angle, it should be placed in a separate category and given special consideration. A point-of-view shot is as close as an objective shot can approach a subjective shot—and still remain objective. The camera is positioned at the side of a subjective player—whose viewpoint is being depicted—so that the audience is given the impression they are standing cheek-to-cheek with the off-screen player. The viewer does not see the event through the player's eyes, as in a subjective shot in which the camera trades places with the screen player. He sees the event from the player's viewpoint, as if standing alongside him. Thus, the camera angle remains objective, since it is an unseen observer not involved in the action."

Numerous companies have developed successful POV designs, from laparoscopic video equipment used inside the body during medical procedures, to high tech film and digital cameras mounted to jets and employed during flight, or on helmet based systems used by cinematographers. These designs are expensive, and mostly bespoke or DIY solutions. There are systems made by camera equipment manufacturers, but they require professional filmmaking experience and training.[5]

To redact multiple files in a single operation, you would use the standalone version of Redact Assistant. With the software open, you first select the files to be redacted and then select a file-folder location for the redacted files to be output. The software automatically outputs the redacted documents as new files and saves the originals.

The plug-in also allows you to search for and redact a list of terms in a Word or Excel file. To do this, select “Search and Redact” from the tab, type in your search terms, and then click “Redact All.”

Dick Barrymore, an early action filmmaker akin to Warren Miller,[4] experimented with film cameras and counter weights mounted to a helmet.[page needed] Barrymore could ski unencumbered while capturing footage of scenery and other skiers. Though the unit was heavy relative to its manner of use, it was considered hands-free, and worked.

Redact Assistant can be purchased and downloaded from the PayneGroup website (www.thepaynegroup.com) for a price of $45. Quantity discounts are available for purchases of 20 or more licenses. The software works with Word and Excel 2010 and 2013 and can be run on both 32- and 64-bit Windows operating systems, beginning with Windows XP. It does not work with the cloud-based version of Office 365.

A POV shot need not be the strict point-of-view of an actual single character in a film. Sometimes the point-of-view shot is taken over the shoulder of the character (third person), who remains visible on the screen. Sometimes a POV shot is "shared" ("dual" or "triple"), i.e. it represents the joint POV of two (or more) characters.