Stun guns and taser devices are legal in most U.S. States. Stun guns and taser devices are illegal and prohibited in the following U.S. States:

These resources present studies of use of force and de-escalation training, synthesized into guidance for agencies to conduct their own evaluations for continual improvements to policies and practice.

I walk several miles every day for fitness, and unfortunately we're in a high crime area. As a woman, this makes me feel so much safer. Our town also has a number of large aggressive dogs that run loose, so this baton is perfect for me.

A supplementary evaluation was conducted within the LMPD several months after the initial evaluation to further examine officers' and supervisors' attitudes, perceptions, and self-reported use of skills in the field. This evaluation used a repeated measure survey design to assess officers’ knowledge and attitudes; a cross-sectional survey design to identify first-line supervisors’ perceptions and self-reported activities; and a stepped-wedge randomized control trial to coordinate the LMPD’s training schedule and assess behavioral outcomes. The evaluation identified factors associated with receptivity to ICAT training, use of ICAT skills in the field, attitudes toward persons in crisis, and attitudes toward use of force.

If you have a problem with a product that was purchased more than 90 days ago, please contact us at questions@guardian-self-defense.com. In the email describe the issue or problem and include your order number for repair or replacement of the item.

You may return most new, unopened items within 90 days of delivery for a full refund. We'll also pay the return shipping costs if the return is a result of our error (you received an incorrect or defective item, etc.). You should expect to receive your refund within a week of us receiving the returned item.

RHODE ISLAND: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for use by persons 18 and over. See Section 11-47-57.

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Please note: Guardian-Self-Defense.com provides the following for informational purposes only. Laws are subject to change and we do not actively monitor state law changes. If you have any questions or concerns you should contact local law enforcement to determine whether it is legal to possess stun devices for self-defense in your area. By purchasing from Guardian-Self-Defense.com you affirm that you are at least 18 years of age.

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NEW JERSEY: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for use by persons 18 and over. No sales to minors or felons. See Section 2C:396i.

SOUTH CAROLINA: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for use by persons 18 and over. See Section 16-23-470.

This comprehensive reference provides an overview of de-escalation including its theoretical foundations. It then offers a number of supplementary sections including examples of real-life evaluations and worksheets to help agencies evaluate their own de-escalation practices.

The IACP/UC Research Center partnered with researchers from the University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) to examine officer decision-making and use of force in arrest situations. This work was completed in collaboration with the Tulsa, OK Police Department (TPD) and the Cincinnati Police Department (CPD).

The IACP/UC Research Center evaluated de-escalation training using versions of the Integrating Communications, Assessment, and Tactics (ICAT) training program within the University of Cincinnati, OH Police Department (UCPD) and the Louisville Metro, KY Police Department (LMPD).

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If you need to return an item, simply email us at orders@guardian-self-defense.com and we'll email you a prepaid USPS return label. We'll notify you via e-mail once we've received and processed the returned item.

The TASER Digital Power Magazine (DPM) is a lithium energy cell power supply system compatible with the TASER X26C conducted electrical weapon.

WISCONSIN: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for use. Tear gas is prohibited. Maximum OC concentration of 10%. See Section 941.26 and Justice Regulations 14.01 et seq.

ARKANSAS: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal, as long as, the canister size is no larger than 150 cc or 5.07 ounces. . See Section 5-73-124.

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Read the full report detailing analysis of administrative data from the Tulsa, OK Police Department or a summary of the report.

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NEVADA: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for use by persons 18 and over. No sales to minors or felons.  Tear gas must be 2 ounces or less.

ALASKA: Legal with restrictions. Must be at least 18 years of age to purchase. To possess in a school must be at least 21 years old or obtain special permission. See Sections 11.81.900(a), 11.61.210(a)(6)

Pepper spray products are legal in every U.S. state, however, there are specific restrictions imposed by a few states that prohibit online purchases.

Your tracking information will be emailed to you when your order ships so you can track your order on its way to its destination

HAWAII: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for use by persons 18 and over.

MICHIGAN: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for use by persons 18 and over. OC concentration must not exceed 10%. See Section 750.224d.

At Guardian-Self-Defense.com we are committed to customer satisfaction. We realize that our success depends on a satisfied customer base. That's why we offer our 90 day return policy. Try our products for a full 90 days. If you are not happy or there is a problem please contact us to arrange a replacement or refund. Guardian-Self-Defense.com we will make every to exceed your expectations.

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CALIFORNIA: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal, as long as, the canister size is no larger than 2.5 ounces. Sales to minors are prohibited. See Section 12403.7.

NEW YORK: Online sales to NY residents is prohibited. Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for use by persons 18 and over. No sales to minors or felons. Residents must purchase from a licensed firearms dealer or licensed Pharmacists in that state. See Section 265.25(14) and (15).

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Read the full report detailing analysis of narrative reports from the Tulsa, OK Police Department and the Cincinnati, OH Police Department or a summary of the report.

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Please note that environmental conditions, such as extreme heat or cold, can cause variations in battery life. This is not a rechargeable battery.

DELAWARE: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal as long as you are not a minor. See Title 11, Section 222(7).

The goal of this work was to provide a better understanding of how and why police officers use force or desist in their use of force in encounters involving arrest. Relevant information on officers, citizens, incidents, and neighborhood context will be used to assess how and why some arrests turn violent when most do not.

ILLINOIS: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for use by persons 18 and over.  See Section 720 ILCS5/24-1.

Many of our products offer manufacture warranties in excess of 90 days.  Please see the following warranty, return policy and tech support information by product line.

First, the evaluation within the UCPD served as a pilot study, which tested survey instruments with a medium-sized police department. The study was aimed at assessing the influence of ICAT training on officer attitudes, perceptions, and confidence. The findings of this evaluation demonstrate that the ICAT course increased UCPD’s officers’ reported confidence in and attitudes toward de-escalation skills. However, these changes were small, and decayed over time (with the exception of de-escalation specific to persons in crisis). Nonetheless, the results of this evaluation indicate potential for the ICAT program to improve officers’ attitudes and perceptions. In turn, improved attitudes toward de-escalation techniques are thought to make officers more amenable to practicing these techniques designed to save lives and reduce injuries to both community members and police officers, alike.

WASHINGTON STATE: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for use by persons 18 and over. See Section 9.91.160.

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I bought this for the obvious reason and was not happy once I opened the package. 1. The safety lever was in the on position. I assumed it was in the locked position. 2. The pictures suck. There should at least be arrows showing locked position and armed position. I squirted the product by mistake thinking it was in the locked position. 3. the safety lever for lock or unlock is flimsy. There is a very slight detent to hold it in the safety position but it wobbles like some Chinese product. Low quality. I wouldn't by this product again as it feels cheap. Come on USA. You can do better. My Bic lighter has a much more solid feel than this thing.

You can request a return authorization (RMA) from us by emailing questions@guardianself-defense.com. In the email describe the issue or problem, include your order number and let us know if you want the product fixed, replaced or if you would prefer a refund.

Please note: Guardian-Self-Defense.com provides the following for informational purposes only. Laws are subject to change and we do not actively monitor state law changes. If you have any questions or concerns you should contact local law enforcement to determine whether it is legal to possess pepper spray products for self-defense in your area. By purchasing from Guardian-Self-Defense.com you affirm that you are at least 18 years of age.

This research aims to identify policies and practices for law enforcement agencies that may reduce the need for police use of force, lower the rate of injuries or deaths to citizens in police encounters, and reduce the likelihood of officer injury in their interactions with the public.

MASSACHUSETTS: Online sales to MA residents is prohibited. Legal with restrictions. Residents must purchase from a licensed firearms dealer in that state. See Chapter 140, Section 121, et seq.

Love Brutus. I carry it everywhere. Just don’t take it to the airport or any government building. They will take it away.

This is my second purchase from Guardian. My first was a full-size stun baton which I carry during evening walks alone. The extra protection is great, but I needed something smaller for daytime. I walk alot, and our area is full of sexual predators and aggressive dogs that are loose. I haven't had to use either one yet, but I'm confident they'll do the job. It's nice feeling safe when I'm out alone. The mini is the perfect size to carry in my pocket.

Benefits ofde escalation in law enforcement

Second, the evaluation in partnership with the LMPD presented a robust multi-method study, including a randomized control trial component, which examined the impacts of ICAT training on officer attitudes, first-line supervisor functions and attitudes, and officer behavior including uses of force, citizen injury, and officer injury. Most importantly, this research is the first known study to demonstrate significant changes in officer behavior as a direct result of de-escalation training. Specifically, this study demonstrated reductions in uses of force, citizen injuries, and officer injuries that were directly attributed to de-escalation training.

NORTH CAROLINA: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal for non-felons. See Section 14-401.6.

This style is great... Until the battery's loose rechargeability then try and take it apart. It's designed to break wires and not be re usable. Very frustrating, pointless to buy another one every year, just make a changeable battery

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Taser DevicesWarranty: 90 Day WarrantyReturn Policy: 90 Day Money Back GuaranteeTech Support: Free Lifetime Phone and E-Mail Support

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: Legal with restrictions. Pepper spray or mace for self-defense appears to be legal. See Section 6-2322 et seq.