Do you have a favourite lens that you like to use? Which is your go-to focal length for the type of photography that you do? Leave a comment below!

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These developments point toward much more of a “buffet” approach to technology, where IT builds useful blocks of reusable code, sometimes assembles them into specific products, and makes them available through a user-friendly cataloging system for the business to use to create the products it needs. IT provides guiderails, such as API standards and directives on the environments in which the code might be most useful; protects the most sensitive information, such as customer data and financial records; and tracks their adoption. This tracking capability will become particularly crucial as bots, AI, algorithms, and APIs proliferate. Transparency isn’t sufficient. IT will need to make sense of all the activity through advanced tech performance and management capabilities and the development of new roles, such as data diagnosticians and bot managers.

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In most cases, normal and telephoto lenses work best for portraits. The longer focal lengths reduce unflattering distortion and help to separate background and foreground elements from the subject. Lens speed is less of a concern when you’re shooting in the studio with artificial lights but for natural light portraits, apertures of f/2.8 or wider may be needed to keep shutter speeds manageable.

Focaldistance vsfocallength

As important as being able to deploy learning is building a learning culture by making continuous learning expected and easy to do. The way top engineers learn can be instructive. This is a community that is highly aware of the need to keep their skills up to date. They have ingrained habits of sharing code, and they gravitate to projects where they can learn. One advantage of using open source, for example, is the built-in community that constantly updates and reviews code. In the same spirit, we’re seeing companies budget extra time to allow people to try new tools or technologies when they’re building a product. Other companies are budgeting for “learning buffers” to allow for setbacks in product development that teams can learn from.13“The big boost: How incumbents successfully scale their new businesses,” McKinsey, August 27, 2020.

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I hesitate to say it but almost any focal length lens can be used as a landscape lens, depending on the situation. Many new landscape shooters feel as though a landscape can only be made using a wide angle lens, though this is not the case. In fact, focal length is less important than the quality of the lens glass when it comes to landscapes.

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I mentioned before that we photographers might be at blame for essentially confusing ourselves a bit when it comes to focal length. The reason for this is that many photographers refer to lenses with longer focal lengths as “long lenses” and those with shorter focal lengths as “short lenses”. While I suppose this is not altogether wrong, it does cause a small amount of befuddlement because a lens with a focal length of 200mm is not physically 200mm long and the 50mm focal length lens is not physically 50mm long.

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As far as focal length is concerned, there are only two types of lenses: prime and zoom. The latter is a bit of a modern term. Zoom refers to a lens which is of variable focal length, meaning that you can change the field of view (and thus the magnification) of your lens. On the other hand, prime lenses have what is called a “fixed focal length”.

It was estimated that almost 100 percent of biometrics-capable devices (such as smartphones) will be using biometrics for transactions by 2022.22“Usage of biometric technology in transactions with mobile devices worldwide 2016–2022”, Statista Research Department, June 13, 2022. The effectiveness of these technologies has advanced dramatically, with the best facial-identification algorithms having improved 50 times since 2014.23William Crumpler, “How accurate are facial recognition systems—and why does it matter?” Center for Strategies and International Studies (CSIS), April 14, 2020. These developments are contributing to profound unease in the relationship between technology and consumers of technology. The Pearson Institute and the Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research shows that “about two-thirds of Americans are very or extremely concerned about hacking that involves their personal information, financial institutions, government agencies, or certain utilities.”24Chuck Brooks, “More alarming cybersecurity stats for 2021!” Forbes, October 24, 2021.

Simply put, any lens which produces a more narrow field of view than a “normal” lens would be thought of as a telephoto lens. So really, even a lens with a modest focal length of 85mm is technically telephoto just as much as a 400mm lens might be.

These technologies promise access to virtually unlimited compute power and massive data sets, as well as a huge leap in bandwidth at low cost, making it cheaper and easier to test, launch, and scale innovations quickly. The resulting acceleration in innovation will mean that companies can expect more disruptions from more sources. Centralized strategic and innovation functions cannot hope to keep pace on their own. Companies will need to be much more involved in networks outside their organizations to spot, invest in, and even acquire promising opportunities.

The most obvious concern is around cybersecurity, an ongoing issue that is already on the board-level agenda. But tech-driven trust issues are much broader and are driven by three characteristics. One is the sheer quantity of personal data, such as biometrics, that companies and governments collect, creating concerns about privacy and data misuse. The second is that personal security issues are becoming more pervasive in the physical world. Wired homes, connected cars, and the Internet of Medical Things, for example, are all vectors for attack that can affect people’s well-being. Third is the issue that advanced analytics seem too complex to be understood and controlled, leading to deep unease about people’s relationship with technology. This issue is driving the development of “explainable AI” and the movement to debias AI.

FOV tofocallength

Making strong portraits means that your photographs present the character of the person you’re photographing. This means isolating the subject from the background and displaying their features in a sharp, well-defined way.

Adding to the complexity is the frequent need to manage and secure trust across an entire ecosystem of technologies. Take the wired home, for example. The proliferation of devices—think virtual assistants, security, communications, power management, and entertainment systems—means that a large group of providers will need to agree on standards for managing, in effect, an interconnected security net in the home.

A good wide angle lens along with a telephoto lens are the mainstays of every wedding photographer. Oftentimes, you will need at least 24mm to cover the full scope of the ceremony and reception, as well as a 50mm lens (bare minimum) for portraits and closeups. You’ll be shooting both individuals and groups, often in low-light, so be ready with the fastest lenses that you can afford.

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A wide angle, as the name suggests, provide a sweeping field of view. Opinions vary, but this author considers any lens with a focal length of less than 35mm to be wide angle.

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While companies will need to create incentives and opportunities for engineers to build up and engage with their networks, the key focus must be on empowering teams so they can spend their allocated budget as they see fit—for example, experimenting and failing without penalty (within boundaries) and deciding on technologies to meet their goals (within prescribed guidelines).

This IT-as-a-service approach puts the product at the center of the operating model, requiring a commitment to organizing IT around product management. Some companies have been moving in this direction. But reaching the scale needed to support fast-paced and more diffuse innovation will require a deeper commitment to product owners, working with leaders in the business side of the house, to run teams with real P&L responsibility. Many organizations, from traditional enterprises to digital natives, have found that putting in place product leaders who set overall product and portfolio strategy, drive execution, and empower product owners to drive innovation aligned with business outcomes and P&L metrics can increase the return on the funding that flows to technology delivery and quicken the pace of innovation.

It will be tremendously helpful for you to begin thinking about the focal length of lenses more in terms of field of view rather than their focal length. As the focal length of a lens increases, its field of view actually decreases. This means that a 14mm lens will show more of the scene than would a lens of 85mm.

Zoom lenses have historically been more expensive and sport more optical concerns than primes, meaning that it is more difficult to manufacture a zoom lens which is sharp and speedy. The reason for this issue is due to the increased number of lens elements required to allow for focal length adjustment. As I mentioned before, our modern times have been host to many advances in lens manufacturing technology and there are many zoom lenses which produce excellent image quality while remaining relatively affordable for most photographers.

The IT organization of the future can play an important role in building up a scaling capability to make that innovation work for the business, something that has traditionally been a challenge. Individual developers or small teams working fast don’t tend to naturally think about how to scale an application. That issue is likely to be exacerbated as nontechnical users working in pockets across organizations use low-code/no-code (LC/NC) applications to design and build programs with point-and-click or pull-down-menu interfaces.

Travel photography is the ultimate when it comes to unpredictability. You’ll likely encounter many types of opportunities for making photographs ranging from landscapes to up close portraiture and still life. Being ready for all of this while maintaining full mobility can be a challenge.

It is easy to become numb to the onslaught of new technologies hitting the market, each with its own promise of changing (more often “revolutionizing”) the business world. But our analysis of some of the more meaningful tech trends lays out a convincing case that something significant is happening.1Michael Chui, Roger Roberts, and Lareina Yee, “McKinsey Technology Trends Outlook 2022,” McKinsey, August 24, 2022.

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Understanding how focal length works will help you to channel your creativity into your photography. Photo by: 'Adam Welch'.

These enormous shifts in technology power and capacity will create many more touchpoints with customers and an exponential wave of new data about customers. Even as IT’s role within the organization becomes more that of an enabler, the expanding digital landscape means that IT must broaden its trust capabilities around security, privacy, and cyber. To date, consumers have largely embraced the convenience that technology provides, from ordering a product online to adjusting the temperature in their homes remotely to monitoring their health through personal devices. In exchange for these conveniences, consumers have traditionally been willing to provide some personal information. But a steady undercurrent of privacy and trust concerns around these ever-more-sophisticated conveniences is raising the stakes on the broad topic of trust. Consumers are becoming more aware of their identity rights, making decisions based on values, and demanding the ethical use of data and responsible AI.

Here’s a breakdown of some common types of photography and some suggestions for which lenses might produce the best consistent results.

One pharma company has taken this idea to heart by giving local business units the flexibility to run with a nonstandard idea when it has proven to be better than what the company is already doing. In return for that flexibility, the business unit must commit to helping the rest of the organization use the new idea, and IT builds it into the company’s standards.

The lessons and recommendations in this article are meant to give you a solid foundation of knowledge so you can begin to learn which lenses you might need for photography and why.  It’s not difficult to see how important your camera lens is to your work. Most likely, you already know that your lens is the “eye” of your camera. If there is one thing I can recommend if you’re just starting out in photography, it is to invest in your glass before your camera. We’ve seen quite a few cameras lens types explained but the amount of lenses out there make it virtually impossible to list them all. Luckily for us, the basic concepts and optical principles of focal length, aperture and field of view apply to virtually all lenses, both old and new.

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Shift: Innovation develops around personal networks of experts at the porous edge of the organization and is supported by capabilities that scale the benefits across the business.

This means that a lens with a focal length of 85mm might be physically larger than say a lens of 100mm focal length, while the 85mm would technically be considered the “shorter” of the two focal lengths... but I digress.

If you’re a landscape shooter, it’s best to go for the sharpest, most qualitative lens you can afford. Lens speed is less of an issue since you’ll likely be shooting from a tripod. While primes work extremely well, remember that you will have to “zoom with your feet” should you opt to not carry a zoom lens for landscapes.

Generally speaking, there are three varieties of prime and zoom lenses which are separated based on focal length and hence provide larger or smaller fields of view. The focal length ranges we’re about to discuss will more or less give you an understanding of which types of lens falls into which broad category.

Focallength

Much ink has been spilled on identifying tech trends, but less attention has been paid to the implications of those changes. To help understand how management will need to adapt in the face of these technology trends in the next three to five years, we spoke to business leaders and leading thinkers on the topic. We weren’t looking for prognostications; we wanted to explore realistic scenarios, their implications, and what senior executives might do to get ready.

While there will always be a need for more formalized paths for foundational learning, we anticipate an acceleration in the shift from teaching curricula periodically to continuous learning that can deliver varying technical skills across the entire organization. In practice, that will mean orienting employee development around delivering skills. This requires breaking down a capability into its smallest sets of composite skills. One large tech company, for example, created 146,000 skills data points for the 1,200 technical skills it was assessing.

We estimate that 70 percent of companies will employ hybrid or multicloud management technologies, tools, and processes.2“The top trends in tech,” McKinsey, June 15, 2021. At the same time, 5G will deliver network speeds that are about ten times faster than current speeds on 4G LTE networks,3Irina Ivanova, “What consumers need to know about this week’s AT&T–Verizon 5G rollout,” CBS News, January 20, 2022. with expectations of speeds that are up to 100 times faster with 40 times faster latency.4“5G speed: 5G vs. 4G performance compared,” Tom’s Guide, June 1, 2021. By 2024, more than 50 percent of user touches will be augmented by AI-driven speech, written word, or computer-vision algorithms,5“The top trends in tech,” June 15, 2021. while global data creation is projected to grow to more than 180 zettabytes by 2025, up from 64.2 zettabytes in 2020.6“Amount of data created, consumed, and stored 2010–2025,” Statista Research Department, May 23, 2022. The low-code development platform market‘s compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is projected at about 30 percent through 2030.7“Global $187 billion low-code development platform market to 2030,” GlobeNewswire, November 10, 2020.

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For more on how to empower workers at the edge, see “Tech companies innovate at the edge. Legacy companies can too,” in Harvard Business Review.

Usually measured in millimetres, focal length is a calculation of the distance between the converging rays of incoming light from the lens (focal point) and the sensor of your camera. It’s this distance which determines the focal length of the lens and incidentally, the “zoom” or field of view for a particular lens.

It is a good idea to use a mid-range telephoto lens when travelling. A 24-70mm f/2.8 is the go-to lens for my travel work when baggage is an issue or I simply want to travel light. If possible, a fast normal prime lens is also a great tool to keep with you while traveling because of its relative small size and low-light capabilities.

There are, of course, many subtle levels in between these three broad lens categories such as ultra-wide, super-telephoto and so on and so forth. That being said, as long as you remember that it’s all centred around decreased or increased field of view, you’ll be able to navigate the waters just fine.

These developments require a complex extension of the boundaries of trust. The significant advantages that many incumbents enjoy—existing relationships with customers and proprietary data—are at risk unless businesses rethink how they manage and nurture that trust. Companies need to consider putting identity and trust management at the core of their customer experience and business processes. That can happen effectively only when companies assign a dedicated leader with real power and board-level prioritization with enterprise-wide responsibility across the entire trust and security landscape. Given the tech underpinnings of this trust environment, IT will need to play a key role in monitoring and remediating, such as assessing the impact of new legislation on AI algorithms, tracking incidents, identifying the number and nature of high-risk data-processing activities and automated decisions, and—perhaps most important—monitoring consumer trust levels and the issues that affect them.

There can be a somewhat confusing misconception when it comes to understanding the focal length of your camera lens. Photographers might very well have themselves to blame for this but more on that in just a moment. You see, focal length has nothing to do with the physical length of a lens but instead is determined by how the lens focuses light in relation to the camera sensor.

20221020 — Diffuse lighting varies across the surface of an object as a result of the changing light direction and the changing surface numeral vector.

About the author:  Adam Welch is an adventurer, photographer and author based in the USA. You can find more of his work on his website or by following him on Facebook and YouTube.

It is estimated that the global cloud microservices platform market will generate $4.2 billion in revenue by 2028, up from $952 million in 2020.15Cloud microservice platform market report, Research Dive, November 2021. GitHub has more than 200 million code repositories and expects 100 million software developers by 2025.16Paul Krill, “GitHub expects more than 100 million software developers by 2025,” InfoWorld, December 3, 2020. Nearly 90 percent of developers already use APIs.17Christina Voskoglou, “APIs have taken over software development,” Nordic APIs, October 27, 2020. Software 2.0 creates new ways of writing software and reduces complexity. Software sourced by companies from cloud-service platforms, open repositories, and software as a service (SaaS) is growing at a CAGR of 27.5 percent from 2021 to 2028.18Software as a service (SaaS) market, 2021–2028, Fortune Business Insights, January 2022.

In considering how this scaling capability might work, companies could, for example, assign advanced developers to “productize” applications by refactoring code so they can scale. IT leadership can provide tools and platforms, reusable-code libraries that are easily accessible, and flexible, standards-based architecture so that innovations can be scaled across the business more easily.

Photography is full of unpredictable situations. No matter what you find yourself shooting, the unexpected can happen and suddenly, you may find that you need to adapt yourself and your camera to the environment. Most times, this means switching out your lens to one of a more desirable focal length or speed.

The key point is that these skills “snippets”—such as a block of code or a video of a specific negotiating tactic—need to be integrated into the workflow so that they’re delivered when needed. This might be called a “LearnOps” approach, where learning is built into the operations. This integration mentality is established at Netflix, where data scientists partner directly with product managers, engineering teams, and other business units to design, execute, and learn from experiments.12Netflix Technology Blog, “Experimentation is a major focus of data science across Netflix,” blog entry by Martin Tingley et al., January 11, 2022.

Prime lenses are widely regarded on average as being sharper and faster than many zoom lenses. Not only that but prime lenses tend to be generally more affordable than non-prime lenses. That being said, this quality margin is beginning to narrow more and more as camera lens technology evolves.

The telephoto lens can at times be mislabeled in the photography world. Many, including myself, instantly picture massively barrelled zoom lenses whenever we hear the word 'telephoto'. While it’s certainly true that many of those giant lenses you see at sporting events and in the hands of wildlife photographers are certainly telephoto, not all telephoto lenses are enormous.

Today, we’re going to demonstrate how your understanding of how a camera lens functions can be extremely important when it comes to displaying your world in photographs. We’ll talk about the basics of camera lenses including lens types and focal length, as well as what genres of photography they might best suit. Perhaps most crucial of all, you will learn that lens selection is subject to the creative vision of the photo maker and not the other way around.

I want you to forget all that. No, I really do. For all their glory, camera lenses are tools, and every tool has its purpose. Even the most brightly constructed lens with pristine optics and a blazing f/1.whatever can still be the wrong tool for a particular purpose. It’s difficult to compute for some but the strongest lens in the world is not the most expensive or the most sharp – rather, it's the one that you understand how to use to its fullest potential. Being completely proficient in how to use a camera lens is as much the duty of a photographer as knowing how to use your camera.

The emergence of cloud and 5G, for example, exponentially increases compute power and network speeds that can enable greater innovation. Developments in the metaverse of augmented and virtual reality open the doors to virtual R&D via digital twins, for example, and immersive learning. Advances in AI, machine learning, and software 2.0 (machine-written code) bring a range of new services and products, from autonomous vehicles to connected homes, well within reach.

The discussions pinpointed some broad, interrelated shifts, such as how technology’s radically increasing power is exerting a centrifugal force on the organization, pushing innovation to expert networks at the edges of the company; how the pace and proliferation of these innovations calls for radical new approaches to continuous learning built around skills deployed at points of need; how these democratizing forces mean that IT can no longer act as a centralized controller of technology deployment and operations but instead needs to become a master enabler and influencer; and how these new technologies are creating more data about, and touchpoints with, customers, which is reshaping the boundaries of trust and requiring a much broader understanding of a company’s security responsibilities.

It’s worth noting that this focal range is an arbitrary product of Oskar Barnack and perhaps more specifically the legendary Leica lens developer, Max Berek. The concept of the normal lens came about with the inception of the famed Leica 35mm film cameras which employed 50mm f/3.5 lenses.

With the pace and proliferation of technologies pushing innovation to the edge of the organization, businesses need to be ready to incorporate the most promising options from across the front lines. This will create huge opportunities, but only for those companies that develop true tech intelligence through a perpetual-learning culture. The cornerstone of this effort includes training all levels of personnel, from “citizen developers” working with easy-to-use LC/NC tools or in entirely new environments such as the metaverse, to full-stack developers and engineers, who will need to continually evolve their skills to keep up with changing technologies. We’re already seeing situations where poorly trained employees use LC/NC to churn out suboptimal products.

You’ll want a telephoto that allows you to keep your distance while being able to reach out and touch your subject with the camera. In most cases, a 70-200mm telephoto zoom is the minimum focal length needed for most applications.

We are already seeing what that might look like. Employees at G&J Pepsi-Cola Bottlers with little to no experience at software development created an app that examines images of a store shelf to identify the number and type of bottles on it, then automatically restocks it based on historic trends.19Adam Burden, “Low code/no code could reshape business innovation,” VentureBeat, February 5, 2022. One pharmaceutical company grew its low-code platform base from eight users to 1,400 in just one year. Business users outside of IT are now building applications with thousands of monthly sessions.20Shivam Srivastava, Kartik Trehan, Dilip Wagle, and Jane Wang, “Developer Velocity: How software excellence fuels business performance,” McKinsey, April 20, 2020. Companies that empower “citizen developers” score 33 percent higher on innovation compared with bottom-quartile companies that don’t provide that level of support, according to a McKinsey survey.21Shivam Srivastava, Kartik Trehan, Dilip Wagle, and Jane Wang, “Developer Velocity: How software excellence fuels business performance,” McKinsey, April 20, 2020.

To support this kind of continuous learning and experimentation, companies will need to accept mistakes. The art will be in limiting the impact of potentially costly mistakes, such as the loss or misuse of customer data. IT will need to architect protocols, incentives, and systems to encourage good behaviors and reduce bad ones. Many companies are beginning to adopt practices such as automated testing to keep mistakes from happening in the first place; creating spaces where mistakes won’t affect other applications or systems, such as isolation zones in cloud environments; and building in resiliency protocols.

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The “normal lens” is named as such because it provides a field of view which is approximate to that of the human eye. Consequently, it allows the camera sensor to see normally when compared to the human’s perception. Of course, this is just a broad generalisation but lenses in the 40mm-50mm range are considered to produce a “normal” field of view when mated with a 35mm sensor.

These tech trends are generally accelerating the primary characteristics that have defined the digital era: granularity, speed, and scale. But it’s the magnitude of these changes—in computing power, bandwidth, and analytical sophistication—that is opening the door to new innovations, businesses, and business models.

Nevertheless, there are certain lenses which lend themselves to be more useful than others given the situation. However, there is nothing that says you can’t use a lens for any particular situation, other than that the outcome might not be as desirable as you would prefer.

Advances in AI, machine learning, robotics, and other technologies have increased the pace of change tenfold. By 2025, we estimate that 50 billion devices will be connected to the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), while 70 percent of manufacturers are expected to be using digital twins regularly (by 2022).8“The top trends in tech,” June 15, 2021. Some 70 percent of new applications will use LC/NC technologies by 2025, up from less than 25 percent in 2020.9“Gartner says cloud will be the centerpiece of new digital experiences,” Gartner, November 10, 2021. The global metaverse revenue opportunity could approach $800 billion in 2024, up from about $500 billion in 2020.10Bloomberg Intelligence, “Metaverse may be $800 billion market, next tech platform,” Bloomberg, December 1, 2021. This proliferation of technological innovations means we can expect to experience more progress in the next decade than in the past 100 years combined, according to entrepreneur and futurist Peter Diamandis.11Peter Diamandis and Steven Kotler, The Future Is Faster than You Think: How Converging Technologies Are Transforming Business, Industries, and Our Lives, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2020.

Like travel photography, a reasonably fast mid-range telephoto or fast normal prime lens will likely serve you best on the street. You’ll want to stay inconspicuous and be able to move freely, so a small lens will always work best.

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Any non-prime variable focal length lens is a zoom lens. There was a time in history when zoom lenses were even referred to as “rubber lenses”, due to their focal length flexibility.

If you want to start a debate, then mention lenses. Yes, if there’s one thing that photographers both love and loathe to discuss, it is camera lenses. Which lenses we like, which we don’t and why you’re wrong in thinking that your lens is better than mine. Photographers would be nothing without the lenses their cameras use to see and I probably don’t have to tell you that as at this point in history, there are literally countless lenses floating around in the world.

Netflix, which makes broad, open, and deliberate information sharing a core value, built the Netflix experimentation platform as an internal product that acts as a repository of solutions for future teams to reuse. It has a product manager and innovation road map, with the goal of making experimentation a simple and integrated part of the product life cycle.14Netflix Technology Blog, “Netflix: A culture of learning,” blog entry by Martin Tingley et al., January 25, 2022.

For photographing insects or flowers, it’s a good idea to find a lens that can get you close to your subject and by close, I mean really close. While you don’t expressly need a true macro lens (lenses that magnify 1:1 or greater), you will need to look for lenses which can focus closely and have excellent sharpness. Until you know if you want to venture into true macro photography, an “all in one” telephoto zoom lens with a focal length in the 85mm to 200mm range will work well.

Corporate venture-capital (VC) funds with centralized teams have looked to find and fund innovation, but their track record has been spotty, often because the teams lack the requisite skills and are simply too far removed from the constantly evolving needs of individual business units. Instead, companies will need to figure out how to tap their front lines, particularly business domain experts and technologists, to enable them to act, in effect, as the business’s VC arm. That’s because the people who are writing code and building solutions are often well plugged into strong external networks in their fields and have the expertise to evaluate new developments. One pharma company, for example, taps its own expert researchers in various fields, such as gene expression, who know well the people outside the company who are leaders in the field.

A lens which is prime is one that will always be fixed at whatever its prescribed optical focal length might be. This means that a 50mm prime lens will remain at 50mm on a full frame {35mm} sensor and it will not have any zoom capabilities.

The nature of wide angle lenses makes them useful for when you want to include a large amount of information in your photo. Wide angle lenses come in handy especially when you need to capture a large scene from an up-close or confined space.

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Shift: Tech literacy becomes core to every role, requiring learning to be continuous and built at the level of individual skills that are deployed at the point of need.

It is inevitable that the pace of technological change will continue to accelerate. The successful technology leader of the future will not simply need to adopt new technologies but to build capabilities to absorb continuous change and make it a source of competitive advantage.

When innovation is pushed to the edge and a perpetual-learning culture permeates an organization, the role of IT shifts dramatically. IT can’t support this dynamic environment by sticking to its traditional role as a controlling entity managing technology at the center. The premium will now be on IT’s ability to enable innovation, requiring a shift in its traditional role as protector of big tech assets to a purveyor of small blocks of code. The gold standard of IT effectiveness will be its ability to help people stitch together snippets of code into a useful product.

Simply put, you can’t go wrong with a 50mm prime lens for general shooting. For most camera manufacturers, you can pick up a 50mm f/1.8 lens for very little money. This focal length is great for unexpected scenarios and the cost effectiveness makes this type of lens very attractive for casual shooters. For those who love taking photos of their dinner plates at restaurants (often dimly lit), the fast aperture will be a must.

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