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Q3 2024 auto finance data from Edmunds highlights a concerning trend: the number of consumers finding themselves upside down on their auto loans is on the rise. 24.2% of trade-ins for new vehicle purchases had negative equity in Q3, and the average amount owed reached an all-time high of $6,458. Even more alarming, over 1 in 5 consumers with negative equity owed $10,000 or more on their loans when trading in their vehicle last quarter. So, what’s driving this trend? The answer is a combination of market factors and consumer behavior: 📈 Market dynamics: During the 2021-2022 inventory crunch, many buyers paid over MSRP, delaying their ability to chip away at the principal of their loans. Now that inventory has normalized and automakers have reintroduced incentives, trade-in values for near-new vehicles are dropping. 🛒 Consumer habits: Many shoppers are opting for longer (84 month) loan terms to reduce their monthly payments, and they’re also trading in their vehicles earlier than is financially wise. It's crucial for dealers and automakers to educate consumers on the risks of negative equity. That can be done by providing guidance on: 🗓️ Appropriate loan terms: Help consumers look beyond the monthly payment. In addition to demonstrating the total cost of interest over the course of a loan, shoppers should be advised on loan durations that align with their ownership habits. 💲Resale values and reduced costs: Steer consumers toward vehicles with proven higher resale values, better fuel efficiency, or lower insurance costs. ⚖️ Prioritize purchase satisfaction: Emphasize the importance of selecting a car the buyer truly wants and plans to keep. Remind customers that trading in too soon, especially if they're unhappy with the vehicle, can lead to financial losses and perpetuate the negative equity cycle. Keeping consumers informed can lead to smarter financial decisions, ultimately benefiting the broader automotive ecosystem. https://edmu.in/4f5yUBy #EdmundsInsights

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Often now people will tell you what the lens would be in a 35mm equivalent by using a “crop factor” which is the size of your camera’s sensor in relation to a 35mm frame of film. APS-C sensors have a crop factor of about 1.5 so a 50mm lens on an APS-C camera would have similar coverage to a 75mm lens on a 35mm camera. Micro 4:3 cameras have a crop factor of 2. But contrary to popular belief, this doesn’t actually make your lens telephoto, it simply crops what a 35mm sensor would have shown you. (You can check this out in the live view.)

One of the most exciting innovations in video technology recently is that 35mm DSLR (digital single lens reflex) cameras have begun to shoot video and that varying number of sensor sizes seem to be settling down.

Last Friday, Elon Musk shared on X that the Tesla Model 3 Performance had just exceeded its US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Rating in the Edmunds EV Range Test. The latest generation of the Model 3 was only the second Tesla (after the Cybertruck) to beat the EPA estimate in our tests, a feat achieved by most other EVs. For the record, we traveled 307 miles on a single charge, four more than the EPA claim.    The result had already garnered considerable attention among the electric vehicle community – Musk was commenting on the Tweet of the influencer Sawyer Merritt – but his intervention had an exponential impact on the reach. Within 72 hours, the post cumulatively had over 7m impressions and more than 1300 had shared it. Mentions of Edmunds went up 2500%. For all the recent controversy around his recent political protestations, there can be no doubt that Musk’s power as an influencer is undiminished.

Edmunds.com Inc. was founded in 1966 for the purpose of publishing new and used automotive pricing guides to assist automobile buyers. In 1994, before the World Wide Web became mainstream, our new car pricing data was first posted on the Internet through a gopher site that was known as "The Electronic Newsstand." This was the first time consumer automotive information had been provided through the Internet. In 1995, Edmunds.com launched as the first automotive information Web site. Edmunds.com, along with its highly regarded mobile site, Android App and five-star iPhone app, make car pricing, car reviews and other research tools available for car shoppers at dealerships and on the go. Edmunds.com Inc. is headquartered in Santa Monica, California, and maintains a satellite office in suburban Detroit.

This didn’t really used to be much of a problem when everybody was using 35mm film—everybody had the same reference point; all the “sensors” were the same size. But over the last few years cameras have come out in a bewildering number of sizes—from DX and APSC to tiny sensors inside camera phones. Which means the actual focal length of a lens has become a more-or-less useless metric for determining how much you’re going to see if you look through it.

Edmunds’ chief people officer Jamie Epstein says it best: “Our culture is rooted in the belief that when we trust and empower one another, we each feel a greater sense of purpose and together we thrive.” We’re thrilled to share that Edmunds has been ranked #15 on Newsweek’s 2024 America’s Most Loved Workplaces® list for the second straight year! 🏆 ⬆️ ❤️ This recognition reflects our unwavering commitment to maintaining a work environment that celebrates respect, trust and empowerment. Newsweek’s analysis of survey responses from Edmunds employees, along with interviews and reviews of public ratings highlighted our dedication to creating an environment of growth, inclusivity and genuine connection. Our culture at Edmunds is all about fostering a space where our employees feel valued, heard and set up for success — because we know that a thriving team is the heart of everything we do. From impactful professional development sessions to personalized goal-setting and feedback systems, we continue to build on our success of delivering a sense of belonging, ensuring our employees understand how their contributions ladder up to business success and empowering employees to make decisions. Thank you to every Edmunds team member for making this recognition possible. To learn more about Edmunds' work culture and open roles, check out the link below! #EdmundsProud #MostLovedWorkplace

Focal numbermovie

Because you can get away without having a scientific understanding of focal length, let’s put the conclusion at the beginning.

Strictly speaking, a lens is categorized as a "macro lens" only if it can achieve this 1:1 magnification. ... The working distance of a macro lens describes the ...

This means that if you’re in a situation where your subject may be moving quickly, getting closer and using a wider lens might be helpful, this is something that people doing street photography have been doing for years – wide lens get close, hope the focus is there.

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Displacement (distance traveled) Calculator. Time ms sec minutes hours months years. Average velocity m/s km/h km/s in/s in/min ft/s ft/min mi/h.

The wider a lens, the greater its depth of field (area that is in focus) at a given aperture. Extremely wide angle lenses can have everything from a few inches to infinity in focus at once and some telephoto lenses have a depth of field less than an inch.

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The missing variable here is how much of the scene projected by a lens are you able to capture? In order to know how wide or telephoto a lens is going to be, you need to know how big the sensor is that the camera is using. A 30mm lens (and a 100mm lens) will always magnify exactly the same amount, but the size of your camera’s sensor determines how much of this you will see. Which means that a 30mm lens isn’t always a wide angle. On a camera with a small sensor, it functions as a telephoto.

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🏈🚙 Hey football fans, it’s game time! On the heels of our new “Name of the Game” ad campaign, Edmunds is thrilled to announce a partnership with the legendary Chicago Bears. To kick off the collab, we’re launching an epic sweepstakes for all fans in the Chicagoland area! 🎟️🙌 🏆 Now open at edmunds.com/bears, Chicago-area fans can enter to win over 100 prizes 😮💨, including game tickets, parking passes, and exclusive on-field, pre-game experiences for the showdown against the New England Patriots on November 10. Plus, they’ll have the chance to score a FREE vehicle appraisal through the sweepstakes entry page! 🚗💨 Fans who complete the appraisal process can receive a real, no-obligation cash offer from one or more dealers in as little as two minutes! ⏰💵 Our “Name of the Game” ads feature a roster of pro athletes with the last name Edmunds, including Bears team captain and starting linebacker Tremaine Edmunds. 💪🏽 “As Bears fans know, Tremaine is a leader on and off the field, and the heartbeat of the Bears defense. It’s exciting to uplift our shared name and offer incredible prizes for Bears fans at the November 10 home game,” said Alison Steinlauf Anziska, Edmunds' senior vice president of marketing. The campaign highlights Edmunds as the name consumers can trust for all their car buying and selling needs, including helpful resources like Edmunds’ free, online vehicle appraisal tool. The sweepstakes runs from September 25 through October 15. 🗓️ On October 17, we’ll announce the lucky winners! 🎊 Fans in the Chicago area can head to edmunds.com/bears for their chance at Bears tickets, parking, and on-field experience giveaways today! 🚀🏈 Help us spread the word: it’s time to praise the Bears and appraise some rides! 🙌🎉

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That said, different sensor sizes are here to stay, often based on the physical size of the device that’s holding them. The lens in an iPhone 5 has a focal length of 4.1mm on a sensor that’s only 4.54 x 3.42mm simply because of the tiny size requirements for the device. You’ll need to rely on your camera’s live view to really understand how the final product will look. In order to reduce the size and cost of lenses, some manufacturers made new lines of lenses around smaller sensor sizes. The DX line of lenses are made to cover APS-C sensors, while so-called “full frame” (35mm sensor size) lenses will work on APS-C sized sensors, the reverse isn’t true, a DX lens on a full frame sensor will show a circle around the image. When buying a lens, make sure it will cover your sensor size.

The focal length of a lens has a great impact on how objects appear in the lens. Wide angle lenses exaggerate the size of objects near to them and diminish the apparent size of objects further away from them. So if you’re taping a person with a wide angle lens and get them close to the lens, their nose will look larger and their ears smaller, not always the best way to make friends. But if you hold a fish up close to a wide angle lens and stand arms length back, your fish will look larger than it actually is. This can be a good way to make friends with a fisherman. (Homework assignment: using different focal lengths and your camera’s live view, try framing things very close to the lens and then farther back, making note of how the perspective changes as you do.)

At it’s very heart the “focal length” is the distance from the front element of the lens to the place where that lens will project a focused image. Usually this is measured in millimeters. If you take the simplest lens, a pinhole, which projects an always-in-focus image, and mount it on a tube 100 millimeters long, you will have a 100mm lens. If you mount that pinhole on a tube 30mm long, you will have a 30mm lens.

Different lenses reveal different things. The amount of a scene that a lens will throw onto your sensor is controlled by its focal length. Lenses with a high (or “long”) focal length magnify the scene and show you a small amount of what’s in front of you. Lenses with a low (or “wide”) focal length show you a lot of what’s in front of you.

✂️A Cut in the Right Direction 📉 Today, the Federal Reserve made a pivotal decision to cut interest rates for the first time in four years—a move that could bring much-needed relief to car shoppers in an increasingly unaffordable market. According to Edmunds data: 📈The cost of borrowing has skyrocketed over the past few years. In August, both new and used vehicle loans commanded near-record interest rates of 7.1% and 11.3%, respectively. For context: just three years ago, the average APR for new was 4.3% and 7.4% for used.  🤑This has resulted in consumers paying significantly more over the life of their loans, particularly in the used car segment. Edmunds data reveals that the average interest paid for all financed used vehicle purchases in August 2024 was $10,299 compared to $8,991 for new. This is a 56% increase for new vehicle loans compared to five years ago, and a 77% increase for used loans.  ⛔ A majority of car shoppers (62%) in an August 2024 consumer sentiment survey said they were holding off on purchasing their next vehicle because of high interest rates. 64% of all car shoppers in the same survey said a Fed rate cut would affect the timing of their next car purchase. Unlike many consumer goods, personal transportation is often non-negotiable. Most vehicle owners can only delay a purchase for so long before necessity takes over—in fact, Edmunds survey data reveals that more than half (53%) of in-market shoppers blame repair costs on their current vehicle as a contributing factor in buying a replacement car. This rate cut should provide a glimmer of hope, especially for price-sensitive consumers who typically gravitate toward the used market and have been grappling with exorbitant auto loan rates. And yet, while this rate cut is a positive development, it’s essential to keep expectations in check. This isn't a silver bullet and shoppers aren’t going to be flooding showrooms right away. Although vehicle prices have cooled from their record highs, they remain significantly elevated when viewed through a historical lens. While we may see an uptick in vehicle buying intent as rates decrease, the first couple of hurdles remain: securing loan approval and realistic budget expectations. Consumers must not only qualify for financing but also manage monthly payments to keep their vehicles. Looking ahead, the Fed's next meeting is scheduled for the day after the presidential election. This timing adds complexity to the next decision when consumers and retailers alike will be watching closely and likely hoping for a continued downward trajectory in rates. However, Chairman Powell emphasized multiple times today that the Fed will approach decisions on a meeting-by-meeting basis, and future rate decreases are not guaranteed. #EdmundsInsights #FedRateCut #Automotive

Focal numberof lenses

The concept of focal length used to make more sense when everyone used the same size sensor (35mm film). A director of photography on a film set would say “we’re going to use the 35mm lens here,” and everyone knew exactly what that result would be. Today’s vast number of sensor sizes make talk of focal lengths less important than knowing how many people you can fit in a shot with your zoom lens at its widest and how far away you can be from a person and still get a medium shot of them when it’s zoomed in all the way. You can use your camera’s live view to see this right away.

As a digital advertising solutions provider for dealers and automakers, Edmunds helps our partners meet car shoppers wherever they are online. Great work Alison Steinlauf Anziska and the entire Edmunds team!

F-number calculator

A larger angle of view means a lens captures more of the scene in front of you, the smaller the angle of view, the less it captures. This is measured in “degrees” and a distance; for example, a 300mm telephoto lens has a very narrow field of view at twenty feet, but step back far enough and you can fit the moon in it. A fisheye lens may capture 180 degrees—everything in front of the lens; top, bottom, left and right, while a telephoto lens shows many fewer degrees. Angle of View and Focal Length are inversely proportional, the longer the focal length, the narrower the angle of view. For more on wide and tight lenses, check out this Videomaker article.

🚘 The Name of the Game is Edmunds! 🏈⚽ Today, I’m thrilled to announce the kick off of one of the most exciting and ambitious brand campaigns in #Edmunds’ history — “Name of the Game”! We’ve teamed up with pro athletes who share our name -the NFL’s Tremaine, Terrell, and Trey Edmunds, and National Women’s Soccer League champion Kristen Edmonds- to drive the connection between #Edmunds and #cars in the minds of consumers and to raise awareness of Edmunds.com as the place to go if you are buying or selling a car. The ads—produced in-house by the #Edmunds creative team, directed by SuperJoy and developed with strategic input from Supernatural AI—will kick off on #Facebook, #Instagram, #YouTube, #TikTok and streaming TV today through Q4! #Edmunds has made it a best practice to help our #automaker and #dealer partners meet car shoppers wherever they are online. With our own brand marketing, we put our money where our mouth is and tap into the same effective #b2c strategy. Catching the excitement of the football season, we are strategically inserting Edmunds into the sports zeitgeist. And just as in football, where every play is driven by preparation and precision, we’re positioning #Edmunds as a trusted partner in empowering consumers to navigate the car-buying and selling with confidence and clarity. Handing out a few “game balls” to the entire #Edmunds #Marketing team for bringing this vision from the practice field to game day. We’re excited to put these spots under the lights! Sneak peek: Stay tuned to the Edmunds LinkedIn handle soon for an announcement of a Chicago-based extension of the “Name of the Game” campaign! #EdmundsProud #NameOfTheGame #WeDriveItLikeItIs #BrandCampaign #CarShopping #Marketing #TeamEdmunds 'Team Edmunds' https://lnkd.in/ggnMqt5K 'Postgame Brothers' https://lnkd.in/gihDVMSM 'Postgame Kristen' https://lnkd.in/g86Kay43

There are three important things to look at when picking the right lens. One is its coverage: does it project an image large enough for your sensor? The second is focal length: how wide or tight an image will it throw onto your sensor? And the third is aperture: how much light do you need to get a useable image? (Other important factors about image quality we won’t talk about here.)

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When someone tells you “the focal length of this lens is 100 millimeters” it tells you something about the lens, but there is information missing which keeps you from knowing how useful that lens will be to you.

It also determines, in part, the depth of field (the area that’s in focus) and the relative size of objects in a frame (perspective). Wide angle lenses have a lower focal length, while telephoto lenses have a higher focal length number. Wide angle lenses make objects very close to the lens large and objects farther away very small with most things in focus. Telephoto lenses make things in the background larger and it’s more difficult to have objects in the foreground and the background in focus. Together these provide videographers and photographers with a number of stylistic and practical tools for capturing video in small places, across distances, making things look larger or smaller or isolating things from other things. You can use your camera’s live view to see what the difference is going to be as focal length changes.

optical: Of or relating to sight; visual.

The longer the focal length of a lens, the more magnified the image it is projecting will be. So, high number, telephoto lens, small number wide angle lens. A 30 millimeter lens is a wide angle then, right? This is where things start to get a little complex, because of the missing part of the equation.

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Q3 was unfortunately the same old story as the first half of 2024 in terms of auto financing conditions: Car shoppers found little relief from the elevated interest rates and high prices, which in turn hindered new-vehicle sales growth. One troubling trend emerging in Edmunds auto finance data: we’re starting to see 84-month auto loan terms on the rise again, accounting for 18.1% of new-vehicle loans in Q3 2024 compared to 17.3% in Q2 and 15.8% in Q1. Car shoppers might consider these longer loan terms a quick way to make monthly payments easier to stomach, but the harsh reality is these loans more often than not create issues down the road. Here’s a few reasons why 84-month loans are bad news 👇 🚩 In Q3 2024, new-vehicle buyers who took out an 84-month auto loan agreed to pay $16,550 in interest ALONE. That is approaching double what the average 84-month loan term interest amount was three years ago when interest rates were significantly less. 🚩A 7-year loan means consumers are facing a higher possibility of major repair bills while still making car payments because warranty coverage won’t extend that long.  🚩Many Americans simply don’t want to keep their vehicle for 7 years. The average trade-in age for a new vehicle is approximately six years according to Edmunds data. 🚩Longer loan terms put consumers at greater risk of rolling negative equity into their next car loan.  The Fed’s decision to cut rates was a welcome update at the end of the quarter but, on its own, is unlikely to dramatically change the financial landscape for car buyers. We’ll wait to see if they announce another cut in November, but in the meantime… 🧮 Car shoppers must think beyond the monthly payment and know exactly how much they are paying in interest over the life of their loan. At Edmunds, we put together a helpful calculator to help consumers do exactly that: https://edmu.in/47PhLtw ⚖️Automakers and retailers must also weigh the short-term benefits with the long-term risks that these loans pose to keep consumers financially healthy and satisfied customers. It’s time to think smarter about auto financing for the greater benefit of the entire industry and car shoppers’ wallets💡 #EdmundsInsights

One of the things that the focal length of a lens determines is the angle of view— which is how wide or telephoto a lens is.

f-number formula

“Focal length” is a relatively straightforward scientific principle which seems a lot more confusing than it actually is because very often when it is used, an extremely important part of the equation is left out. When someone says “the speed of this is 90 miles” you immediately think “90 miles what? 90 miles an hour? A day? 90 miles a second?”

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Now what about choosing between “prime” and “zoom” lenses. Prime lenses have a single focal length and zoom lenses can change their focal length. Why on earth would you choose a lens whose focal length can’t change if you can get one that does? (You might ask.) The answer is aperture. It’s much easier to design and manufacture a prime lens with a wide aperture for use in low light and to achieve shallow depth of field. There are zoom lenses with wide apertures but this pro glass is more expensive. If you can afford it, it’s a great thing to have.

A pretty 👻 spooky 👻 finding to share from our latest used vehicle analysis on Edmunds: The price gap between new and used vehicles grew wider than ever in Q3, surpassing $20K for the first time, according to Edmunds’ records dating back to January 2004. ↔️ 🚨 Throughout the year, Jessica Caldwell and I have been calling attention to another type of gap: the disparity between consumers’ expectations for their next car purchase and the realities of the current market. In this case, consumers’ preferences often lean towards new cars, yet many underestimate current costs—50% of car shoppers surveyed by Edmunds preferred to purchase a new vehicle, but 1 in 7 expected to spend $20K or less. This is as clear a picture as any that many shoppers returning to the market for the first time since the pandemic are in for a serious reality check: the average new vehicle costs $47,542 vs. $27,177 for used. As new-car prices continue to climb, more consumers may need to look to the used market to meet their budgets. While used prices are still up 31% from pre-pandemic levels, they’ve dropped 6.2% since last year, offering more options for budget-conscious buyers. These trends have strong implications for consumers and dealers alike: 🧐 For shoppers just starting their search, setting a realistic budget will be key. If you haven’t purchased a used vehicle before, consider a Certified Pre-Owned vehicle from a new car dealer.  These vehicles are often the best alternative to a brand new car with the least amount of risk. If your search deviates further away from newer used vehicles, consider scheduling a pre-purchase inspection from a trusted mechanic to check for underlying mechanical or structural issues that may be less obvious. 🤝 For dealers, now is more critical than ever to educate shoppers on pricing realities. You can help reset expectations for consumers by sharing data on average price trends, creating transparency with financing options and helping buyers understand what their budget can realistically achieve in the current market. Encouraging consumers to secure an accurate value for their trade-in is another great way to help shoppers determine how much money they’re working with toward their next purchase. Check out the full Q3 report on used vehicles on Edmunds here: https://edmu.in/48wtWM1 #EdmundsInsights #AutoInsights #CarBuying #WeDriveItLikeItIs

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Are you ready for an exclusive game-day experience with the Chicago Bears?   The Chicago Bears have partnered with Edmunds, a trusted resource in car buying and selling, to offer 100 lucky fans the chance to win tickets, parking passes and on-field VIP experiences for the November 10 home game against New England.   This sweepstakes is part of the launch of Edmunds' "Name of the Game" campaign, which features Chicago Bears linebacker and team captain Tremaine Edmunds.   “Representing the name on the back of my jersey means everything to me, so it’s an honor and a thrill to partner with the car shopping experts at Edmunds and give away tickets and parking to a game this season,” said Tremaine Edmunds. “While the shared name brings us together, we have a ton else in common too—from leadership traits to offering genuine advice and delivering strong results."   In addition to the game-day prizes, fans will have the opportunity to use Edmunds’ free, no-obligation vehicle appraisal tool. This partnership highlights shared values of leadership and trust, both on the field and in car buying.   The sweepstakes is open from September 25 through October 15, with winners announced on October 17. For more information and to enter, visit the website listed on the graphic. 🐻 ⬇

2.8 is a pretty wide aperture, so a 28mm-120mm zoom lens with an aperture of 2.8 sounds like a pretty good thing to have. Be wary — most zoom lenses have a variable maximum aperture over the length of their zoom range. This means that it starts out at a wide 2.8 when it’s zoomed out all the way, but as you zoom in to the telephoto end of the zoom, the aperture closes up several stops. This will be represented on the lens as an aperture range, so the lens might say “28-120 f 2.8-5.6” which means the focal length range of the zoom is 28mm – 120mm and the lens’ maximum aperture at 28mm is 2.8 but when you zoom in to 120, that maximum aperture closes to f5.6.

The focal length of a lens is a number, measured in millimeters, which determines how wide angle or telephoto a lens is.