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Khonina, Svetlana N., Nikolay L. Kazanskiy, Pavel A. Khorin, and Muhammad A. Butt. 2021. "Modern Types of Axicons: New Functions and Applications" Sensors 21, no. 19: 6690. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196690

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Khonina SN, Kazanskiy NL, Khorin PA, Butt MA. Modern Types of Axicons: New Functions and Applications. Sensors. 2021; 21(19):6690. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196690

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0.2205, 10.716, 0.4219, 27/64, 15.9, 0.626, 21.034, 0.8281, 53/64. 0.6, 0.0236, 5.7, 0.2244, 10.8, 0.4252, 16, 0.6299, 21.1, 0.8307. 0.7, 0.0276, 5.8, 0.2283 ...

Khonina, S.N.; Kazanskiy, N.L.; Khorin, P.A.; Butt, M.A. Modern Types of Axicons: New Functions and Applications. Sensors 2021, 21, 6690. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196690

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Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications.

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Khonina, S.N.; Kazanskiy, N.L.; Khorin, P.A.; Butt, M.A. Modern Types of Axicons: New Functions and Applications. Sensors 2021, 21, 6690. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196690

Khonina SN, Kazanskiy NL, Khorin PA, Butt MA. Modern Types of Axicons: New Functions and Applications. Sensors. 2021; 21(19):6690. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196690

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Abstract: Axicon is a versatile optical element for forming a zero-order Bessel beam, including high-power laser radiation schemes. Nevertheless, it has drawbacks such as the produced beam’s parameters being dependent on a particular element, the output beam’s intensity distribution being dependent on the quality of element manufacturing, and uneven axial intensity distribution. To address these issues, extensive research has been undertaken to develop nondiffracting beams using a variety of advanced techniques. We looked at four different and special approaches for creating nondiffracting beams in this article. Diffractive axicons, meta-axicons-flat optics, spatial light modulators, and photonic integrated circuit-based axicons are among these approaches. Lately, there has been noteworthy curiosity in reducing the thickness and weight of axicons by exploiting diffraction. Meta-axicons, which are ultrathin flat optical elements made up of metasurfaces built up of arrays of subwavelength optical antennas, are one way to address such needs. In addition, when compared to their traditional refractive and diffractive equivalents, meta-axicons have a number of distinguishing advantages, including aberration correction, active tunability, and semi-transparency. This paper is not intended to be a critique of any method. We have outlined the most recent advancements in this field and let readers determine which approach best meets their needs based on the ease of fabrication and utilization. Moreover, one section is devoted to applications of axicons utilized as sensors of optical properties of devices and elements as well as singular beams states and wavefront features. Keywords: diffractive axicons; spatial light modulator; meta-axicons; nondiffracting beams; photonic integrated circuit based axicons; sensors based on axicons

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Formula 3 - Depth of Field ... where λ is the wavelength of illumination, n is the refractive index of the imaging medium, NA is the objective numerical aperture, ...