Email: info@valleydesign.com Phone: 831.420.0595 Fax: 831.420.0592

Valley Design manufactures standard and custom sized substrates, wafers, discs, windows and flat optics of all types of materials, many from stock. We manufacture precision shims, spacers, washers, submounts and rings, which can be sequentially spaced to < ¼ micron, flat to 1/10 wave, lapped or polished. SEMI standard dummy wafers up to 450mm diameter, prisms, wedges, beamsplitters, flat lenses, etalons and color glass filters are all produced by Valley Design. We also offer large geometry ceramics, wafer and vacuum chucks and polished Aluminum mirrors.

The chemical composition of Optical Glass is designed to selectively transmit or block different wavelengths of light in the optical light spectrum, from UV Ultraviolet, to Visible light, to IR Infrared light. Valley Design laps, polishes , dices and CNC machines optical glass of all types, and works with the premier optical glass manufacturers such as Corning, Schott, and Hoya. Optical glass is used every day by consumers, for vision, magnification, telephotography, science research and more which is why precision and quality is key for optical glass suppliers such as Valley Design.

The LightStar™ fiber optic illuminator uses Green, Blue, Red, and White LEDs to create a broad spectrum of colors, analogous to a 150-watt metal halide ...

Precision lapping and polishing services on all types of materials both hard and soft has been a specialty of Valley Design for nearly 50 years. We operate over 100 single and double sided lapping and polishing machines ranging in size from 12”,18”,24” 28”, 32” 36”48”and 64” diameters producing parts from as small as .127mm (.005”) sq. to 450mm diameter and larger. Depending on the material, lapped finishes can range from 10-25u” Ra. Polished surfaces on ceramics can range from 0.3 -3u” Ra, and optical finishes on fused silica and glass can be as good as 3A Ra.

In a finite optical system of fixed tube length, light passing through the objective is directed toward the intermediate image plane (located at the front focal plane of the eyepiece) and converges at that point, undergoing constructive and destructive interference to produce an image. The situation is quite different for infinity-corrected optical systems where the objective produces a flux of parallel light wavetrains imaged at infinity (often referred to as infinity space, and labeled in the tutorial window), which are brought into focus at the intermediate image plane by the tube lens. It should be noted that objectives designed for infinity-corrected microscopes are usually not interchangeable with those intended for a finite (160 or 170 millimeter) optical tube length microscope and vice versa. Infinity lenses suffer from enhanced spherical aberration when used on a finite microscope system due to lack of a tube lens. In some circumstances it is possible, however, to utilize finite objectives on infinity-corrected microscopes, but with some drawbacks. The numerical aperture of finite objectives is compromised when they are used with infinity systems, which leads to reduced resolution. Also, parfocality is lost between finite and infinity objectives when used in the same system. The working distance and magnification of finite objectives will also be decreased when they are used with a microscope having a tube lens.

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Optical Components (Lenses and Optical Units) ... KYOCERA OPTEC Co., Ltd. Kyocera meets social and industrial needs in creating products that are highly ...

Aluminum Nitride Ceramic is the perfect material choice when high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties are needed. Aluminum Nitride has a combination of high dielectric strengthening, high electrical insulation properties, and low thermal expansion. Valley Design supplies Aluminum Nitride with thermal conductivity of 170 W/mK, 180 W/mK, 200 W/mK and 230 W/mK. AlN Aluminum Nitride is optimal for hybrid, power and microwave electronics applications where an electrically insulating nontoxic substrate material is required. It is the ideal material for a wide variety of uses in the growing Semiconductor, Aerospace, Defense and Medical Industries.

Precision shims spacer and submount components from Valley Design with accurate pitch tolerances and sequentially spaced to less than 1/4 micron, flat to less than 1/10 wave, with lapped or polished mirror finishes available.

Valley Design manufactures wafers, substrates and discs from all materials including Fused Silica, Glass of all types, Colored Filter Glass 96% Alumina, 99.6% Alumina and Aluminum Nitride ceramics, Sapphire, CVD Silicon Carbide SiC and metals including Stainless Steel. We provide wafers in SEMI standard sizes, as well as custom sizes, and have 1,000’s of finished wafers and substrates available from stock.

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Valley Design provides lapping and polishing services of flat mechanical seals, pump parts, valve seats and discs. Valve components made from a large variety of materials include Hastelloy, Inconel, Monel, Stainless Steel, Carbon Steel, Copper, Nickel, Ceramics, Glass, Sapphire, Macor and many exotic materials. We have even polished large wind tunnels for NASA.

An Optical Transmission Curve is a graph that shows an optical medium plotted against the wavelength. The graph describes the transmission fraction of an optical filter as a function of wavelength. These transmission curves can be used by optical designers and engineers to determine the most suitable material to use for their applications.

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Known for thermal stability, chemical resistance and good mechanical properties, polyimide plastic is an extremely flexible material best used in insulation. Valley Design expertly fabricates high-quality polyimide plastic products for a variety of industries include the automobile and air filter manufacturing industries.

Valley Design produces standard and custom lapped or polished Sapphire wafers in all common orientations including A, C and R-plane Sapphire. Valley also provides ultra-thin polished Sapphire substrates and wafers. The size of Sapphire that can be polished is limited only by the material availability. Sapphire blanks up to 12″ diameter can be lapped, optically polished, diced and CNC machined. Holding precise tolerances as well as flatness, and parallelism is critical for many applications.

2021107 — This test compares the image quality produced by different tube lenses with the Mitutoyo M Plan APO 5x 0.14 on a full frame sensor using the Sony α7R IV body.

As a leader in precision materials processing for nearly 50 years, Valley has extensive experience with a wide variety of materials. We process various semiconductor materials, optical materials and materials used in electro optics.

To operate the tutorial, use the Reference Focal Length and Objective Focal Length sliders to alter the specifications of the virtual infinity optical system. The objective magnification (M) is calculated by dividing the reference focal length (L) of the tube lens by the objective focal length (F). As the critical focal length parameters of the microscope are varied, this calculation is automatically performed and the result is continuously updated and displayed in the space to the right of the objective drawing in the tutorial window. For example, a reference focal length of 180 millimeters and an objective focal length of 18 millimeters yield a magnification of 10x. The objective working distance is also presented graphically and updated as the microscope focal lengths are adjusted.

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Valley Design understands the importance of precision in microelectronic devices substrates. In our nearly 50 years of experience, we’ve delivered a multitude of important semiconductor materials for electronics, and we’re pleased to include 450-mm silicon wafers. We offer 300mm and 450mm diameter wafer back grinding, lapping and polishing services on a wide variety of materials such as ceramics, glass, Fused Silica and Sapphire.

At Valley Design, we are the experts in precision dicing. Our dicing services can cover all your needs from prototypes to production dicing services. With 15 K&S and DISCO dicing saws, we have one of the highest diamond dicing volume capacity in the industry. Silicon die from as small as .127mm square to Silicon stacks as high as 6.25mm can be diced, as well as a wide variety of hard materials including Fused Silica, Glass, Aluminum Nitride, Alumina ceramics, Sapphire, Silicon Carbide SiC, Silicon Silicon-Carbide (SiSiC) and many others.

View the modern glassware design collection from molo. Handcrafted to create the illusion of your spirits, coffee or tea levitating above the table.

TECHSPEC Fluorescence Bandpass Filters enable DNA Sequencing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic instruments, drug discovery, genomics, ...

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William K. Fester and Mortimer Abramowitz - Olympus America, Inc., Two Corporate Center Drive., Melville, New York, 11747.

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Fused Silica& Fused Quartz Optical Glass Ceramics Sapphire Colored Filter Glass 96% Alumina &99.6% Alumina Aluminum Nitride Ferrites Macor Molybdenum Metals Germanium Silicon Silicon Carbide (SiC) Silicon-Silicon Carbide (SiSic)

Underwater Starry Skies. A revolutionary Advanced Fiber Optics system to add a touch of magic to pools and other water features, garden walls, pavements, ...

Infinity-corrected microscope optical systems are designed to enable the insertion of auxiliary devices, such as vertical illuminators and intermediate tubes, into the optical pathway between the objective and eyepieces without introducing spherical aberration, requiring focus corrections, or creating other image problems. In a finite optical system, light passing through the objective converges at the image plane to produce an image. The situation is quite different for infinity-corrected optical systems where the objective produces a flux of parallel light wavetrains imaged at infinity, which are brought into focus at the intermediate image plane by the tube lens. This tutorial explores how changes in tube lens and objective focal length affect the magnification power of the objective in infinity-corrected microscopes.

Building on our nearly 50 years of expertise in processing a variety of materials to ultra thin thicknesses, Valley Design has leveraged this knowledge to push new limits in ultra thin processing, polishing some materials to as thin as 10 microns.

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Our capabilities in providing precision machining services make us a world-leading company in precision materials engineering and manufacturing. For nearly 50 years, our services have grown and evolved with the changing trends in precision material engineering and manufacturing. Our in-depth experience with components needed in the manufacturing of electro-static chucks (ESD) for the semiconductor industry, combined with our 3, 4 and 5 axis CNC machining services put Valley Design at the cutting edge of technology. We also offer CNC hole drilling, optical edge polishing services and small diameter core drilling. Basic optical coating services are also offered by Valley Design.

Valley Design offers a wide variety of optically polished metal mirrors including Stainless Steel, Molybdenum, Brass, Copper and many other alloys. Surface roughness of < 10 Angstroms are possible on some materials. Metal chucks and vacuum chucks are lapped, polished and CNC machined to micron level tolerances.

Email: info@valleydesign.com Phone: 978.425.3030 Fax: 978.425.3031

Valley Design proudly offers special capabilities to our CNC machining services such as ultra thinning to as thin as 10-15um, polishing to Angstrom level finishes, micron level tolerances and TTV (Total Thickness Variation) specifications. We process a wide variety of materials from our extensive inventory, as well as customer supplied materials. Commonly processed materials include ceramics of all types, 96% Alumina, 99.6% Alumina, Aluminum Nitride, Fused Silica, Glass, Sapphire, Macor, Silicon Carbide SiC, Silicon Silicon-Carbide SiSiC and many others.

For nearly 50 years, Valley Design has served as a valuable technical resource to its customers on Research & Development projects and provided technical support to the leading research institutions and labs worldwide. These include such distinguished technology centers as Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Los Almos National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Sandia National Lab, Army Research Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Rutherford Appleton Lab (UK) and Max Planck Institute (Germany).

Valley Design produces and stocks wafers and substrates of Fused Silica and Fused Quartz as large as 300mm diameter to 1cm square to as thin as 10-15um thick. Advantages of Fused Silica and Fused Quartz include low thermal expansion, resistance to thermal shock, superior electrical insulation, high transparency from the Ultraviolet light spectrum to the Infrared range, high softening temperature and thermal resistance. Valley Design has thousands of finished Fused Silica wafers available from stock. Single Crystal Quartz is also available lapped, polished, diced and CNC machined.

Ian D. Johnson, Robert T. Sutter, Matthew J. Parry-Hill, and Michael W. Davidson - National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310.

It is just like a normal magnifying glass lens but it has been compressed down to be flat. This type of lens was designed by a French engineer named Freanel a ...

Polished colored filter glass can be used in place of thin-film coated filters as an economical alternative. Color glass filters in standard and custom sizes are now available optically polished from high quality optical glass from Valley Design. Color Filter Glass components are available from as small as .127mm square up to 300mm, and thickness from as thin as 75um up to 10.0mm thick. Please click here for equivalent color filter glass types cross-referenced to Schott and Hoya.

Valley Design serves numerous high-tech industries including Semiconductor, Medical and Biomedical, Aerospace, Defense and Sensing, Photonics and Optics, Telecommunications, Lithography, along with Research and Development industries. Applications include Substrates, Wafers and Electro-optical and Micro-electronic components for sensors, integrated circuits, capacitors, semiconductors, optoelectronics, microfluidics, MEMS devices, Machine vision, Optical Switches, Electro static chucks (ESD) for ion implanters, and optical instrumentation.

The tube length in infinity-corrected microscopes is referred to as the reference focal length and ranges between 160 and 200 millimeters, depending upon the manufacturer. Correction for optical aberration in infinity systems is accomplished either through the tube lens or the objective(s). Residual lateral chromatic aberration in infinity objectives can be easily compensated by careful tube lens design, but some manufacturers choose to correct for spherical and chromatic aberrations in the objective lens itself. This is possible because of the development of proprietary new glass formulas that have extremely low dispersions. Other manufacturers utilize a combination of corrections in both the tube lens and objectives.

Valley Design is a high precision CNC machining company, focusing on rapid, high quality on-demand 3, 4 and 5 axis CNC machining services. Our CNC department provides full CNC machining services from custom prototyping to full production manufacturing on a wide variety of hard and soft materials. Materials CNC machined include Alumina ceramics, Aluminum Nitride, Fused Silica, Glass, Sapphire, Silicon Carbide SiC, and Silicon Silicon-Carbide SiSiC. Our custom CNC machining capabilities combined with 50 years of diamond tool and fixturing expertise make us the industry standard for excellence, quality and precision for complex CNC machined components.

diffraction limit. diffraction limit. The diffraction limit is the resolution limit due to diffraction of an electron wave for the optical system with no ...

Valley Design laps, polishes and CNC machines a wide variety of metals and alloys including Stainless Steel, Aluminum, Copper, Hastalloy, Brass, Inconnel, Titanium, Steel Alloys, Low Carbon Steel, Tool Steel, Tungsten Carbide, Invar, Bronze, Kovar and Cast Iron Zinc. Mirror surface finishes as good as < 10 Angstroms are achievable on some metal materials.

Since 1975, Valley Design has been recognized as an industry leader in advanced materials processing as providers of precision lapping and polishing services, 4 & 5 axis CNC machining, dicing, backgrinding, hole drilling, and other precision machining services on a wide variety of both hard and soft materials.

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The tutorial initializes with the major optical train components (condenser, specimen, objective, tube lens, and eyepiece) of a virtual infinity-corrected microscope appearing in the window. A beam of semi-coherent light generated by the source passes through the condenser and is focused onto the specimen plane, subsequently being collected by the objective. The parallel flux of light rays exiting the objective are focused by the tube lens onto the intermediate image plane positioned at the fixed diaphragm of the eyepiece. The distance between the tube lens and the fixed eyepiece diaphragm is adjustable within a range of 160 and 200 millimeters using the Reference Focal Length (L) slider (equivalent to the tube length in older microscopes). In addition, the objective focal length can be varied from 2 to 40 millimeters by translating the Objective Focal Length (F) slider. As these sliders are translated, the individual components of the virtual microscope are readjusted to new positions.

Fused Silica and Fused Quartz polished wafers, windows, substrates, plates and discs are available from Valley Design. We offer polished optical surface finishes to 10/5 scratch/dig < 7 Angstroms. Custom sizes can be shipped in just a few days. Many standard sized wafers and windows are in stock and available for immediate shipment. Along with SEMI standard wafer sizes, we specialize in ultra-thin, as thin as 10-15um.

Building on our nearly 50 years of expertise in processing a variety of materials to ultra-thin thicknesses, Valley Design has leveraged this knowledge to push new limits in ultra-thin processing, polishing materials to as thin as 10 -15 microns. Materials that can be polished to these ultra-thin thicknesses include Fused Silica and Fused Quartz. Glass, BK7, Alumina ceramics and Silicon can be thinned and polished to 15-20um thick.

CVD Silicon Carbide theoretically dense and intrinsically pure, is available as lapped or polished substrates and wafers from 2″ diameter up to 300mm diameter with surface finishes to better than 10 angstroms, while maintaining a 1/4 wave flatness depending on thickness and size.

UV-grade fused silica is well-suited for applications that benefit from increased transmission deeper into the UV than N-BK7. UV fused silica also offers a ...

Glass wafers and glass substrates as well as Fused Silica, Fused Quartz, Soda Lime Glass, AF45, BK7, B270, Borofloat 33, D263, Gorilla Glass, Eagle XG Glass, Borosilicate glass, and other materials such as 99.6% and 96% Alumina, Sapphire and Aluminum Nitride, are available to SEMI specifications in sizes ranging from 50mm (2″) up to 450mm (17.7″). These SEMI standard wafers can also be fabricated with a SEMI notch or one or two SEMI flats.

96% Alumina and 99.6% Alumina substrates and wafers are stocked and processed by Valley Design. 99.6% Alumina Al203 substrates are typically referred to as thin film substrates and are manufactured using tape cast or pressed methods. This material comes As-Fired .005” – .080” thick, and then is lapped and/or polished by Valley Design into any custom thickness specified. 96% Alumina substrates are typically referred to as thick film substrates, and are used for high power electronic and RF Microwave applications. A previous project involved lapping 1000’s of 96% Alumina substrates 4” square to 75um thick.

As previously listed, the basic optical components of an infinity system are the objective, tube lens, and the eyepieces. The specimen is located at the front focal plane of the objective, which gathers light transmitted through or reflected from the central portion of the specimen and produces a parallel bundle of rays projected along the optical axis of the microscope toward the tube lens. A portion of the light reaching the objective emanates from the periphery of the specimen, and enters the optical system at oblique angles, advancing diagonally (but still in parallel bundles) toward the tube lens. All of the light gathered by the tube lens is then focused at the intermediate image plane, and subsequently enlarged by the eyepiece.

Features may include through holes and pockets, corner chamfers and radii, edge chamfers and steps, complex geometries with tight tolerances.  These parts can also be lapped or polished with optical quality surface finishes.   We can also machine extremely small shapes, rounds, squares, rectangles and anything else you can conceive – Valley has done it all for over 37 years with customers all over the world.

In 1975, Valley Design began polishing 2” diameter Silicon wafers, then continually expanded our polishing capabilities in keeping with the Semiconductor Industry to 3” diameter, then 100mm, 125mm, 150mm, 200mm eventually landing at 300mm diameter. Looking forward, the Semiconductor industry contemplated transitioning lithography fabs to 450mm, but it was not generally accepted by the equipment manufacturers. Valley Design has performed back grinding and lapping of 450mm diameter Silicon wafers, and also routinely laps, polishes, dices and CNC machines Silicon in all sizes. Ultra-thin is also available as thin as 20um thick.