Convex spherical mirrors bulge out toward the light source, with a curve that resembles the exterior of a sphere. Images formed with these mirrors will always be virtual, reduced in side and right side up.

Infrared reflector material

Our parabolic mirrors are designed to reflect energy from a single point outwards, or to capture all parallel incoming rays and reflect to a single focal point. They have many applications including laser material processing, fluorescence microscopy, high harmonic generation, and super continuum generation without wave guides.

We offer a wide range of mirror coatings, including aluminum, silver, gold, copper, and dielectric. Selecting the right reflective coating for your application will ensure high reflectivity for your target wavelength.

The latest point of view on eyepiece design emphasizes the importance of ergonomic design to reduce eye strain and improve user comfort during extended periods of use. This includes features such as adjustable eye relief and eyecups to accommodate different users and provide a more comfortable viewing experience. Additionally, advancements in materials and manufacturing techniques have allowed for the production of lightweight yet durable eyepieces that are well-suited for various applications.

All mirrors can be categorized as second surface or front surface mirrors. A second surface mirror is a standard mirror with the coating on the back side of glass or other transparent material. A front surface mirror, with the reflective coating on the front side, gives a more exact reflection with no double image. These mirrors are often a good choice for engineering applications because of the accuracy of the reflected image.

Our broadband dielectric mirrors are ideal for demanding applications.  Durable and stable, they offer near total reflection over wide spectral ranges (up to 100s of nanometers) and can be used over wide angles of incidence. These mirrors are resistant to environmental or laser damage and are suitable for visible, NIR, and UV light.

Surface quality is quantified with a scratch-dig number, and the lower the scratch-dig number, the better the surface quality.

Hotmirrors

In summary, the eyepiece on a microscope is a crucial component that contributes to the overall quality of the viewing experience. Its design and construction have evolved to prioritize optical performance, user comfort, and versatility, making it an essential part of modern microscopy.

Broadband metallic mirrors also offer high reflection over a broad spectral range. They are easy to set up, being insensitive to angle of incidence and polarization. We often recommend these coated mirrors as a good combination of performance and value.

Right angle mirrors are made from right angle prisms, with a special metallic coating on the hypotenuse of the prism. These mirrors are ideal for system alignment, being easily mounted.  They reflect light back at a 90 degree angle.  Right angle mirrors are also known as turning mirrors.

For applications with a specific, narrow wavelength and higher energy levels, we recommend laser line mirrors.  These highly efficient precision mirrors can be used for beam-steering in laser applications. Our laser line mirrors can be customized for your specific laser beam type or wavelength, and we offer dielectric coatings that can be optimized for high reflectivity at your laser wavelength of choice.

Focal length is measured as the distance from the mirror to the focal point; the point at which parallel waves converge. For a concave mirror, focal length will be positive; for a convex mirror, negative.

Eyepiece design and construction have evolved over time to improve the quality and comfort of the viewing experience. Modern eyepieces are typically designed with multiple lens elements to minimize aberrations and distortions, resulting in a clearer and more accurate image. Some eyepieces also incorporate advanced coatings to reduce glare and improve contrast.

From a modern perspective, the eyepiece on a microscope may also be designed to reduce eye strain and provide a comfortable viewing experience. Some eyepieces are equipped with adjustable diopter settings to accommodate individual differences in vision, and others may incorporate anti-glare or anti-reflection coatings to improve image clarity.

The eyepiece, also known as the ocular lens, is the lens at the top of the microscope that you look through to view the specimen. It typically contains a magnifying lens that further enlarges the image produced by the objective lens. The eyepiece is usually removable and interchangeable, allowing for different magnifications to be achieved depending on the specific needs of the user.

An off-axis parabolic mirror can be considered to be a “cut out” from a larger parent parabolic mirror. These mirrors are a bit more difficult to align, but when properly set up can be extremely helpful in optical design. They exhibit many of the same features as parabolic mirrors, but will deviate light off-axis. This allows for more interactive space around the focal point.

Overall, the eyepiece on a microscope plays a crucial role in magnifying and enhancing the image of the specimen, as well as providing a comfortable and effective viewing experience for the user.

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The eyepiece on a microscope, also known as an ocular lens, is the part of the microscope that is looked through to view the magnified specimen. It is located at the top of the microscope and is the lens closest to the eye of the observer. The eyepiece is designed to magnify the image produced by the objective lens, which is the lens closest to the specimen being observed.

Hot and cold mirrors are both specialized dielectric mirrors which are used for heat control; to filter unwanted energy from a light source.  A cold mirror will reflect 90% of the visible light spectrum while efficiently transmitting (and thus removing from the site of interest) infrared wavelengths.  A hot mirror will reflect 90% of infrared and near infrared light, and transmit a large portion of visible light (up to 80%).  Shanghai Optics can manufacture hot and cold mirrors for any angle of incidence desired, from 0 to 45 degrees.

An eyepiece on a microscope is a lens that is positioned at the top of the microscope and is used to view the magnified image of the specimen. It is also known as an ocular lens and is an essential component of the microscope's optical system. The eyepiece typically contains a set of lenses that further magnify the image produced by the objective lens, allowing the viewer to see a highly detailed and enlarged image of the specimen.

The magnification power of the eyepiece is a measure of how much the image is enlarged when viewed through the microscope. This is usually expressed as a number followed by an "x" (e.g., 10x, 20x), which indicates the number of times the image is magnified. For example, if the eyepiece has a magnification power of 10x and the objective lens has a magnification power of 40x, the total magnification of the microscope would be 400x (10x multiplied by 40x).

Infrared reflector mirror

An eyepiece on a microscope, also known as an ocular lens, is the lens at the top of the microscope that you look through to view the specimen. It is the part of the microscope that is closest to your eye and is responsible for magnifying the image of the specimen. The eyepiece typically contains a set of lenses that work together to magnify the image produced by the objective lens, which is the lens closest to the specimen.

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In addition to magnification, the eyepiece also helps to focus the light rays coming from the objective lens and to direct them into the viewer's eye. This helps to create a clear and sharp image of the specimen under observation. The eyepiece also often contains a reticle or a graticule, which is a grid or scale that can be used to measure the size or dimensions of the specimen.

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We also manufacture high performance ultra-broadband metallic mirrors. Here the substrate is coated first with a reflective metal film and then with a dielectric overcoat. Our metallic coatings include aluminum, silver, or gold. Gold is ideal when working in infrared applications, especially at wavelengths greater than 2 micron.  Silver has high reflectance over the visible and near infrared range. For a general purpose visible range, an aluminum coating performs well. The final dielectric coating provides protection and enhances reflectivity, and these mirrors are highly durable.

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IRsensor mirror

The damage threshold of an optical mirror is the highest energy that the mirror can withstand without damage. For instance, if a damage threshold is given as 3.00 J/cm2 (522 nm, 10 ns pulse, 10 Hz, Ø0.803 mm) that optic should be able to withstand energy up to 3.00 J/cm2 at (522 nm, 10 ns pulse, 10 Hz, Ø 0.803 mm). It is important to realize that if optics are not properly cared for, dirt and contamination can lower the damage threshold.

Parabolic mirror

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1. Huygenian eyepiece: This is a simple eyepiece design that consists of two plano-convex lenses with the convex sides facing each other. It provides a relatively narrow field of view and is commonly used in older microscopes.

3. Wide-field eyepiece: This type of eyepiece is designed to provide a larger and more comfortable viewing area, allowing the viewer to see more of the specimen at once. It is particularly useful for applications that require prolonged observation.

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in digital eyepieces, which incorporate digital imaging technology to capture and display the magnified image on a computer or other digital device. This allows for easier sharing of images and facilitates analysis and documentation of the specimens. Additionally, there has been a focus on ergonomic designs to improve user comfort and reduce eye strain during prolonged use. These advancements aim to enhance the overall microscopy experience and make it more accessible to a wider range of users.

Spherical mirrors with concave surfaces may be used to form either real or virtual images, depending on the placement of the light source. These mirrors curve inward. They are ideal for focusing light to a single point.

From the latest point of view, advancements in microscope technology have led to the development of eyepieces with variable magnification power, allowing users to adjust the level of magnification based on their specific needs. Additionally, some modern microscopes are equipped with digital eyepieces that can capture and display images on a computer screen, enabling users to easily share and analyze the microscopic images. These digital eyepieces often come with software that allows for further image enhancement and analysis, expanding the capabilities of traditional eyepieces.

Our state of the art machinery allows us to manufacture high quality mirrors designed to reflect a certain wavelength range while allowing light transmission in other wavelengths. Custom optical mirrors and precision reflectors can also be designed to reflect at pre-specified angles.

The eyepiece on a microscope, also known as the ocular lens, is the lens at the top of the microscope through which the viewer looks. It is the lens closest to the eye when using the microscope. The primary function of the eyepiece is to magnify the image produced by the objective lens, which is the lens closest to the object being observed. This magnification allows the viewer to see a larger and more detailed image of the specimen.

Size and shape are quantified by diameter, thickness, focal length, and radius of curvature. Diameter is measured straight on, and the radius of curvature is measured as if the mirror’s curvature was extrapolated into a sphere. The thickness of a mirror is measured in two places: at the center and at the edge.

Optical mirrors are precision optics with a highly polished plane or curved surface which reflects light.  At Shanghai Optics we manufacture custom optical mirrors for a wide range of applications. Life Sciences, astronomy, metrology, and solar engineering are only a few of the industries which depend on our precision mirrors and other optical components.

2. Ramsden eyepiece: This design features two plano-convex lenses with the convex sides facing away from each other. It offers a wider field of view compared to the Huygenian eyepiece and is commonly used in modern microscopes.