Laserwavelengthchartskin

a Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK

The lasing medium is a semiconductor chip. Frequency doubling or tripling is typically done to produce visible or ultraviolet radiation. Power levels of several watts are possible. Beam quality can be extremely high- often rivaling that of an ion laser.

Laser wavelengths chartpdf

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Laserfrequency and wavelength

Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are a large family of carbohydrate-active enzymes, which act as nature's glycosylation agents. GTs catalyse the transfer of a mono- or oligosaccharide from a glycosyl donor to an individual acceptor, and play a central role in the biosynthesis of complex carbohydrates, glycans and glycoconjugates. Several GTs have emerged as potential drug targets in a range of therapeutic areas, including infection, inflammation and cancer. Small molecular GT inhibitors are therefore sought after not only as chemical tools for glycobiology, but also as potential lead compounds for drug discovery. Most existing GT inhibitors are donor or acceptor analogues with limited potential for further development due to intrinsic drawbacks, such as a lack of cell penetration and limited chemical stability. In this article, we review recent progress in the identification of alternative inhibitor chemotypes that are not structurally derived from GT donors or acceptors. This growing class of non-substrate-like GT inhibitors now includes several examples with drug-like properties, which provide exciting new starting points for medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. The increasing availability of such alternative GT inhibitor chemotypes represents a significant advance, which will help realise the considerable potential of this important enzyme family as therapeutic targets.

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Laserwavelength range

b Department of Chemistry, School of Natural & Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London, UK E-mail: gerd.wagner@kcl.ac.uk Tel: +44 (0)20 7848 1926

This is a list of laser types, their operational wavelengths, and their applications. Thousands of kinds of laser are known, but most of them are used only for specialized research.