1. What is the Brewster angle? a) The angle of incidence at which light is completely reflected. b) The angle of incidence at which light is completely refracted. c) The angle of incidence at which light polarized parallel to the plane of incidence is completely transmitted. d) The angle of incidence at which light is completely absorbed.

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The Brewster angle arises from the interaction of light with electrons in the material. When light is polarized parallel to the plane of incidence, the electric field of the light wave interacts with the electrons in the material, causing them to oscillate in the same direction. This oscillation generates a secondary wave that cancels out the reflected wave at the Brewster angle.

A beam of light is incident from air (n₁ = 1) onto a glass surface (n₂ = 1.5). Calculate the Brewster angle for this situation.

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For perpendicular polarization (electric field perpendicular to the plane of incidence), the Brewster angle does not exist for nonmagnetic materials. This is because the electric field does not interact with the electrons in the same way, and therefore no cancellation of the reflected wave occurs.

2. What is the key characteristic of reflected light at the Brewster angle? a) It is completely unpolarized. b) It is completely polarized perpendicular to the plane of incidence. c) It is completely polarized parallel to the plane of incidence. d) It is completely absorbed.

The Brewster angle, named after Scottish physicist Sir David Brewster, is a fascinating phenomenon in optics that describes a specific angle of incidence at which light polarized parallel to the plane of incidence is completely transmitted through an interface between two media, with no reflection. This angle has significant applications in various fields, from optical coatings to polarized sunglasses.

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5. What happens to light polarized perpendicular to the plane of incidence at the Brewster angle? a) It is completely reflected. b) It is completely transmitted. c) It is partially reflected and partially transmitted. d) It is completely absorbed.

When light strikes an interface between two media, like air and glass, it can be reflected and refracted. The reflected light can be polarized, meaning its electric field oscillates in a specific direction. The Brewster angle is the angle of incidence where the reflected light is completely polarized perpendicular to the plane of incidence.

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The Brewster angle is a fascinating optical phenomenon with numerous practical applications. By understanding the principles behind this special angle, we can design and improve optical devices, reduce unwanted reflections, and enhance light transmission efficiency.

3. Which of the following is NOT an application of the Brewster angle? a) Polarized sunglasses b) Optical coatings c) Laser technology d) Diffraction gratings