In the case of the former meaning of the term, mode competition can in principle be quantified: it is complete if the intensity distributions of the modes are identical, so that self- and cross-saturation are equally strong (assuming that the emission cross-sections are also identical). Mode competition is then reduced if the overlap of the intensity distributions is incomplete. Two simple examples are:

Single longitudinalmodelaser

by GW Forbes · 2011 · Cited by 51 — It is now shown that the TS's optimal NA is determined by the strength of the aspheric departure. When κ=0, the asphere's nominal NA is just η=c ρmax, and its ...

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Ask RP Photonics for advice on details of laser operation, e.g. related to instabilities and noise phenomena, and their dependence on design aspects.

FOV stands for Field of View, which is the width of the observable area that can be seen through an optical device, such as binoculars or a monocular.

Definition: the phenomenon that different resonator modes experience laser amplification in the same gain medium, leading to cross-saturation effects

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Longitudinalmodein laser

4, the effective diameter of the aperture will be 35 ÷ 1.4 = 25 mm. Note that as the focal length of the lens changes, the diameter of the aperture at a given f ...

The modes of a laser resonator all experience optical amplification in the same gain medium, e.g. a laser crystal, in which they spatially overlap to a significant extent. This leads to the phenomenon of mode competition or gain competition. Unfortunately, the terms are not precisely defined, and different meanings appear to be used in the literature:

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What are resonant modes

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Two-mode laser

A frequently used (and very valuable) concept is to describe the light circulating in an optical resonator in terms of resonator modes. The light in each mode can then be characterized with few parameters, e.g. electric field amplitude (or total power) and optical phase, apart from optical frequency and polarization. When only a few modes participate e.g. in the lasing process, the overall number of parameters is small, and various physical phenomena can be described on that simple basis.

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Transversemodeand longitudinalmode

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Modelocking in laser ppt

Lasing modein optical

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The discussion has shown that strong mode overlap can lead to a stable situation. Depending on the definition of terms, this may be considered as a situation with strong mode competition ( because of the strong overlap), or on the contrary as a situation with weak competition (as the situation is stable, not exhibiting explicit signs of competition).

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Situations with reduced mode competition can be more complicated: a strong lasing mode can not saturate the gain for the others to a level which prevents them from lasing. One then has a situation with complicated nonlinear dynamics, often dominated by cross-saturation effects, but possibly also influenced even by tiny mode coupling effects. Depending on various details, a stable distribution of optical power over several modes may occur, or (more frequently) an unstable power distribution, which causes additional laser noise.

Describe laser modes

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In a situation with strong mode competition (in the sense of strong overlap of mode intensity distributions), which may occur, e.g., in a unidirectional ring laser, a single mode may be excited in the steady state (→ single-mode operation, single-frequency lasers): the mode with the highest net gain will saturate the gain so that it exactly balances its losses, and any other mode will then experience a negative net gain, which causes its power to fade away.

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